SUIDjE. 



SUID.E. 



direction of the alveolus of the upper canine tooth, which a enor- 

 mously developed, Mounding upwards, and curving back upon iUelf ; 

 the fint upper grinding-tooth U a false molar, and the first two below 

 hare the wine character. The canines of the lower jaw form long, 

 and, a* compared with the other tusked Suida, slender tusks, as the 

 animal advances in age. 



Dental Formula : Incisors, - ; Canines, 1 ; Molars, ** - 32. 

 4 1 1 5 5 



X 



Teeth of Batiruua. 



B. Alfunu, the Babirusga ; Sut BtMrtusa of Linnaeus; Lo Baby 

 roussa of Buffon ; Le Sanglier des Indes Orientales of Brisaon ; aud 

 La Cochon Cerf of Lesson and other French authors. 



The Babiruasa stands high upon its rather slender legs. The skin, 

 which is of a grayish tint, inclining to fawn-colour on the belly, is 

 very thinly furnished with hair. The upper tusks come through the 

 kin of the muzzle, and form nearly a circle directed backwards, often 

 touching the skin again on their downward curvature. The females 

 mailer than the males, 



IN -:..:i., 



, and are without these tusks. 



It still inhabits the marshy forests of the island of Bourou, and is 

 said to bo abundant in the Moluccas, and a few other islands of the 



ndian Archipelago, 

 F. Cuvier has given very good] fgures, and a lively description 



if two males and females brought to Fiance in the Astrolabe, and kept 



n the Paris Menagerie. The female was much younger and more 

 active than the male, which was aged and very fat, and spent his short 



ife in eating, drinking, and sleeping. The female bred once after her 

 arrival in Europe. When the male retired to rest she would cover 



lira completely over with Utter, and then creep in under the straw to 



am, so that both were concealed from sight. They died of diseased 



unRS about three years after their arrival. 

 The lower tusks must be formidable weapons, though not so dos- 



ructive as those of some of the other Guides. In old individuals the 

 upper tusks can hardly inflict a wound : they may perhaps ward off 



,he bushes from the eyes of the animal as it rushes through the thick 

 cover of ita retreats. 



Ba'.iruua, male. (From an individual In the Oardtni of the Zoological 

 Sodetr of London.) 



Piso, in hi* edition of the 'Natural and Medical History of East 

 India,' by Bontius, remarks, that sedulous as Bontius was, he bad made 

 no mention of this animal. Piso however supplies the deficiency, anc 

 gives in the page no very bad figures of the animal and of its skull 

 In the frontispiece however, where the Babirussa occupies a con 

 spicuous place in the foreground, the painter has evidently had the 

 Hog-Deer in hw mind, and has taken a few liberties with the animal's 

 muzzle, aspect, and bearing, though the tusks are tolerably correct, 

 lengthening it> neck not a little. The Indians, Piso tells u, ascribe 

 Uieee animals to a union of the Hog and the Deer. He says that the; 

 are only found in the island of Bourou, 80 miles distant from Amboyna. 

 He add*, that the Babinusa is swift aud fierce, aud that its flesh is 

 highly prized (inter.delidas eipetita) by both natives and foreigners. 



Head of Bobirtuia, seen in profile, a, male ; 6, female. 



Sus Papueniis, the Bone of the natives of New Guinea, is described 

 as being remarkable for its small stature and its agreeable and slender 

 form. The canines of the upper jaw are very email, and nearly of the 

 same form as the incisors ; the bristles are rather thick, short, yellow, 

 and brownish below, white above and annulatcd with black ; the tail 

 is very short. The young (Marcassins) .are of a brown colour, more 

 or less deep, with five rather bright fulvous stripes upon the back. 



The length of the Papuan Hog is three feet. It is common in the 

 forests of New Guinea, and the Papuans highly esteem its flesh, which 

 the French found excellent. The natives catch the young in the woods 

 n order to rear them in a kind of domestication. 



M. Lesson remarks that the S, Papuentu has many point* of analogy 

 with the Peccaries, and seems to be intermediate between them and 

 the True Hogs. 



PAacocAcerus (Pluucocharui, F. Cuvier). Feet formed like those of 

 the True Hogs ; two triquetrous incisors above, six small ones below ; 

 tusks lateral and directed upwards, very large ; molars composed of 

 enamelled cylinders inclosing the osseous substance and joined 

 together by a cortical substance ; very large fleshy warts or wens on 

 the cheeks ; tail short 



Incisors, 



2 orO. 



ii ur o ' 



11 



3-3 



Conines, _ ; Molars, ^Hf = 16 or 24. 



11 



83 



F. Cuvier remarks that we have here arrived at a system of 

 dentition entirely different from that of the True Hogs (Sangliers), 

 and which announces animals endowed with a particular nature, and 

 much more herbivorous than omnivorous. Nevertheless, in the loco- 

 motive organs the True Hogs and the Phacoclueres bear the greatest 

 resemblance to each other, and have accordingly been united in the 

 same genus, as far as these organs served for the principal basis of the 

 formation of generic groups. At present, he observes, but two 

 Phocochocrcs are known, aud one has incisors, whilst the other appears 

 to be deprived of them. We have seen, he remarks, that in the 

 Pachyderms there is but little regularity in the number of the teeth; 

 and he inquires whether this may belong to the nature of these 

 animals, or to lacuna; which it has not been given to us to fill up ; 

 a question which he will not decide. Therefore he does not separate 

 these animals. 



F. Cuvier's plate is taken, as far as regards the upper jaw, from a 

 Phacochoore without incisors, aud, as relates to the lower jaw, from 

 a Phacochcore furnished with those teeth ; and he remarks that the 

 discs of the last molars of the first are smaller and less numerous 

 than those of the last molar of the second ; he concludes by inquiring 

 whether this may be a specific character. 



P. *Kliani, -Elian's Wart-Hog, is a native of the North of Africa. 

 It is at all ages provided with incisors in the upper and lower jaw, 

 and therefore is in the most marked manner distinguished from the 

 Wort-Hog of the Cape. Another distinction is, that the Cape Wart- 

 Hog has, according to F. Cuvier, only three molars in the upper and 

 lower jaws; whereas, P. sEtiani always presents four in the upper 

 jaw. But there ought to be hesitation in admitting this last mark 

 of distinction to bo of much weight, because the anterior molars are 

 disposed to decay. 



Further, if a line be drawn from the hind part of the head, as far 

 as the most prominent port of the nasal-bone, there will be found in 

 P. .Kliani a sinus, the depression of which falls in the middle of the 

 line. This very place, in the case of the Wart-Hog of the Cape, rises 

 to on arched prominence ; and there are other differences. 



The skin is of an earthy colour, scantily bristled. A mane which 

 extends along the neck and the back arises between the ears ; the 

 single hairs of it are frequently 10 inches long. All the bristles, 

 those of the mane included, are light-brown. They have not each a 



