1037 



TENTACULITES. 



TEPHRODORNIS. 



1033 



0. ecaudatut (111.) is the largest of the species, exceeding our Hedge- 

 hog in si2e. It is covered above with long flexible spines, except on 

 the vertex and occiput, and has no coloured bands ; the under part 

 of the body is clothed with hairs or bristles only, which are yellowish, 

 mixed with some longer black ones. 



Crntttet ecaudatui. 



C. tetosut, 111. (the Tendrac of Buffon and Zimmerman), is less than 

 the former, and the spines ore short and rigid. 



Tendrac (Ctntetel sctoitu). 



C. semitpinotut is still less, and hardly so large as a common mole. 

 I In body is clothed with a mixture of spines and bristles, and is banded 

 longitudinally with yellow and black. 



Striped Tenreo (Centetet tcmiipinosut), 



TENTACULITES (Schlottheim), a genus of small aunulatecl pointed 

 hells, fossil in the Silurian strata. 



TENTHRE'DO, a genus of Hymenopterous Insects, of the section 

 Terebranlia. The genus Tenthredo of Linnteus is in modern systems 

 regarded as constituting a family, to which the name Secunfera has 

 been applied by Latreille, and Tenthredinidct by Leach. 



Latreille restricts the generic term Tenthredo to those species which 

 have nine joints to the antenna;, and in which these organs are not 

 distinctly thickened at the apex. Their larva) have from eighteen to 

 twenty-two feet- The genus Tenthredo is however still further restricted 

 by many oiher authors, and it is especially to Dr. Leach (' Zoological 

 Miscellany,' voL iii.) that we are indebted for pointing out distin- 

 guishing characters for the subdivisions of the very extensive Linnoean 

 genuB. By this author the Tenthredinidce are divided chiefly according 

 to the rtructure of the antennae, nnd the cells inclosed by the nervures 

 of the wings. The first section, according to Dr. Leach, contains those 

 speoies which have the antenna; short and clubbed at the extremity 

 and the third joint long; the superior wings with two marginal and 

 three iiubmarginal cells. It includes the genera Cimlex, Trichioioma, 

 Clavellana, /area, Abia, &c. 



The species of the second section have the antenna of moderate 

 length, filiform, and composed of three joints ; the last joint long, 

 slightly thickened at the extremity, and in the males ciliated, and 

 sometimes forked. It contains the genera Hylotoma and Schizocerus. 

 The characters of the third section are : Antenna; short, with nine or 

 ten joints, increasing in thickness in the middle, but ending in a point ; 

 the third joint longer than the fourth; body short and increasing in 

 thickness towards the apex. Genera : Messa, Selandria, and Fenusa, 



Section 4. Antenna; composed of nine joints, moderately long ; 

 body moderately long ; upper wings with two marginal cells. To this 

 section belongs the genus Tenthredo as at present restricted ; it is 

 distinguished by the upper wings having four submargiual cells, and 

 the antenna; with the third and fourth joints of equal length. The 

 genus Allantm diners only from Tenthredo in having the third joint 

 of the antennae longer than the fourth. The Allantus scrophularice is 

 a very common species in this country, and is found on the Scrophu- 

 larice, on the leaves of which its larva; feed. The perfect insect some- 

 what resembles a wasp, but is of a rather more slender form ; it is 

 black, and has the body adorned with yellow rings ; the legs (with the 

 exception of the thighs) and antenna) are also yellow. The larva, 

 which is provided with twenty-two feet, is white and has black dots, 

 and the head is black. When touched it rolls itself up in a spiral 

 manner, as indeed do the larva) of other Tenthredinidce. 



Section 5. Superior wings with but one marginal cell ; body short, 

 narrower at the extremity in the males ; antenna; simple, nine-jointed, 

 slightly ciliated, increasing in thickness in the middle, and decreasing 

 at the extremity. This section contains the genera Crcesus, Nematus, and 

 Cladius, examples of each of which are found in this country. 



Section 6. Antenna with numerous joints ; body rather depressed; 

 wings with two marginal and four submarginal cells. British genera 

 Tarpa, Lyda, and Lophyrus. The larva; of the species of Lophyrus 

 live in society, more particularly on the pines, and are said to be very 

 injurious to the young plants. The species of this genus are very 

 rare in England. The antenna; are serrated in females, and in the 

 males they are provided with a double series of denticulations. 



TENUIPE'DES. [MALACOLOGY.] 



TENUIROSTRES, a family of Birds belonging to the order Inses- 

 gores. Cuvier makes the Tenuirostres the fourth family of his Passeraux, 

 placing it between the Conirostres and the Syndaclyles, and com- 

 prising under it the genera Sitta, Linn, (with the sub-genera Xenops, 

 111. ; Anabatel, Temm. ; and Synallaxis, VieilL); Certhia, Linn, (with 

 the sub-genera Certhia, Cuv. ; Dendrocolaptes, Herin. ; Tichodroma, 

 111. ; Nectarinia, 111. ; Dicceum, Cuv. ; Melitkreptia, VieilL ; Cinnyris, 

 Guv.; and Arachnathera, Temm.) ; Trochilus, Linn, (dividing the genus 

 into the Humming-Birds properly so called, or Colibria Trochilm, 

 Lacdp. ; and the Oiseaux Mouches, or Fly-Birds, Orthorhynchus, Lacdp.); 

 Upupa, Linn, (with the sub-genera Fregilus, Cuv. ; the Hoopoes properly 

 so called; Upupa; Promeropt ; and Epimachus). 



Mr. Swainaon includes the following families under this tribe : 

 Meliphagidce ; Cinnyndce; Trochilidce (Humming-Birds) ; Promeropidce 

 (Hoopoes) ; and Paradiiiadce [Binos OF PARADISE]. 



The Tenuirostres are placed by this author between the Scansores 

 and the Fiasirostres. 



M. Lesson makes the tribe Tenuiroslrcs (which he arranges between 

 the Latirottres and the Syndactyles) consist of the following families 

 and genera : 



1. Promeropida. 



Genera : Upupa; Promeropt. 



2. Certftiadce. 



Genera : Certhia ; Tichodroina ; Dendrocolaptes ; Climaeteris ; 

 Purnariiu; Ccereba; Dlcceum. 



3. Pkiledonidce. 



Genera -.Drepanis; Cinnyrit; Pomatorhinus ; Prinia; Orthotomm; 

 Myzomela; Myzantha; Ant/iochcera ; Tropidorhynchus ; Mellisuga. 



4. Trochilidce. 



Genera -.Polytmus, Briss. ; Ornismya, Less. 



In Mr. G. R. Gray's ' List of the Genera of Birds' (2nd edit., 1841), 

 the Tenuirostrei stand as the second tribe of Imestores, between the 

 Fissiroitrea and the Dentiroetres, and comprise the following families, 

 sub-families, and genera : 



1. Upupidce. 2. ffectarinidce. [ClNNYRiDai] 3. TrOc/nhda;. 4. Meh- 

 phanidte. 



TEPHRODORNIS (Swainson), a genus of Drongo Shrikes, Dicrumve. 

 The accompanying cut represents the bill in this genus. 



Bill of Tefhrodornit. (Swainson.) 



