1131 



Tl'BK'OLII'.r. 



TUBIC'OUD.K. 



1131 



The animal* of thU family are borers, borrowing in atone, wood, 

 and eren in thick ibella ; but some, nevertheless, live in the land. 



Tbe following ix genera are arranged by 1-amarck under this 

 family : Aijxryillum, i'laragclla, fittulana, Stptaria, Teredina, mill 



We here give figure* of the more remarkable form of the genera 

 Aiftrrgilluat, ClaragtUa, and Fittuliina, referring to the articles devoted 

 to thrm for further information. 



Atjxr-jMuM Jaranum is a native of the East Indian Ocean. 



The animal of A. rayiniftrum has been found by M. Kiippcl, and 

 it appeara to bear much analogy to that of Pholai. It is a native of 

 theKedSea. 



A. Knot Zealandia a a native of New Zealand. 



Four specie* of ClaragtUa are recorded by M. Cailliaud. 



1. C. apertt. Sow. (C. tola. Brod. ; C. ticula, Dclle Cuiaje). 



2. C. balanonuH, Sctcchi. 



3. C. elonyata, Brod. 



4. C. mdiieiuit, Brod. 



They are found in the Mediterranean and the Adriatic seas, at 

 Nice, Venice, Xaple*, Palermo, and Malta. 



We subjoin some of M. C'ailliatid's figure?, which give more informa- 

 tion as to the shell than any yet published. 



Clarafflln aperta. 



, right ralr* In i very yoang fUle ; 6, the tarn* more advanced, aeen In 

 tbe atone which h been cut to phow the rxc.vatcd part, and the right ralre 

 In >ltu : lit joang tube hu liz facrl>, anil develop* iu flrnt Bmbrlation or 

 rufflr ; t, the came (till further advanced, aim In the atone : lu young tube ban 

 two ruffle* ; d, tbe aame (reatlj lncirarcl and tern In the (tone : a part of the 

 molluM i Hern under iu right Talre and In lu excavation, aluo the great muiclc 

 of the mantle and the aperture whrnci* In umall rudimentary foot comn forth ; 

 tbe lower extremity of the tube ha bern rut away to ahow the iplmni termi- 

 nated In papilla; : the tube preaent* Are ruffin and the commencement of two 

 othera which the molluac had not Rnlnhril ; e, another apeclmcn, which bad 

 entered the atone horizontally, and afterward) had prolonged IU tube in a per. 

 p'Ti-licular direction. 



' 



Another specimen of Clnragrllt aperln. 



Clara grlla Italanorum In an agglomeration of balani. The little tubes above 

 noticed are here Ken in the upper Agure. 



The genus Fiitutana has the sheath tubular, most frequently testa- 

 ceous, more convex aud closed posteriorly, attenuated towards its 

 anterior extremity, open at its summit, containing a free and bivalve 

 shell ; the valves equal, and gaping when they are closed. Animal 

 having at its anterior part two cyathiferous calamules. (Lam.) 



M. Deshayes remarks, in his last edition of the ' Aiiimaux sans 

 Vertebres,' that Lamarck is evidently mistaken in supposing that the 

 calamules, which he believed to exist in the J-'itl ulana, were destined 

 to carry the organs of respiration ; this error, M. Deshayes observes, 

 in rendered certain by two method* : 1st, the true l-'ululantt, although 

 closed on one side, have never any calamules ; 2nd, these calamities 

 belong exclusively to the Ten-dines, and they have their branchito 

 disposed as in all the Conchifera, and not dependent on these 

 calamule*. 



As an illustration we give Pittulana clava, which is a native of the 

 East Indian seas. 



The /'irtulanit inhabiting a free tube have been found in sands or 

 hard mud with the small end of the tube uppermost. 



