11(1 



rAKAXfS. 



ULEX. 



us* 



and Scirpui, the leaves are used by coopers for filling up the interstice* 

 between the wood of their casks ; also for making maU, chair-bottoms, 



I, ipadlx crowded with Unworn; 2, ilamem with united filament; 3, ditto 

 Urfrr ; 4, curium iorroundtd at the hue with trite ; i, section of ovariuni 

 tihlbiling solitary pendulou* orulc. 



basket*, 4o. It U this plant which many of the Italian paintert have 

 put in the hand of ClirUt when he wai mocked by the Homan soldiers 

 as a king. 



T. anyuttifolia, Leaser Cat's-Tail or Reed-Mace, has linear leaves 

 grooved below, with the sterile and fertile flowers removed at a Uttle 

 distance from each other. It is less frequent than the last species, 

 but is not uncommon in the neighbourhood of London. 



T. minor, Dwarf Cafs-Toil or B*ed-Mace, has linear-setaceous 

 leaves, with barren and fertile flowers at a great distance. This plant, 

 on the authority of DUleuius, has been placed in the lilt of Bn 

 plants. It U found in the south of Germany and Switzerland. Kock 

 calls it T. minima. [Si'AHGASlUM.] 



TYPH1S, a genus of Molltuca, 



TYPHLOPHTHALMES. [SciNClD*.] 



TYPHLOPS, Schneider's name for a genus of Reptiles placed by 

 Cuvier among the Ophidians, or Serpents, and thus characterised by 

 him: Body covered with small imbricated scales; ths muzzle ad- 

 vanced, furnished with plates ; the tongue rather long and forked ; 

 the eye like a point, hardly visible through the skin ; the vent nearly 

 entirely at the extremity of the body ; one lung four times greater 

 than the other. 



These, adds Cuvier, are small serpents similar in point of aspect to 

 earth-worms, and species are found in the warm climates of both 

 continents. 



Some have the head of the same size as the body, and obtuse. 

 They resemble ends of fine packthread (bouts de ficelle mince). 

 TyjMopt brumiitia, Cuv. (Russel, ' Serp. Corom.,' xliiL). 



The greater part have the muzzle depressed and obtuse, furnished 

 with many plates in front: Anyttit reticulatut, Scheuchzer, ' Phys. 

 Sacr.,' pi. 747. 



In some the fore-part of the muzzle is covered iu front with a single 

 large plate whose anterior border U slightly trenchant : Anyuit lumbri- 

 cali, Lai'.'p. , ii., pL xx. ; Browne, ' Jam.,' xliv. 1 ; ' Seb.,' i., IxxxvL 2. 



Finally, there is one which has the muzzle terminated by a small 

 conic point, and is entirely blind. Its posterior extremity is enveloped 

 in an oval and horny buckler. T. philippinut, Cuv., 8 inches (French) 

 in length, and entirely blackish. (' Kegne Animal.') 



TYPHLOPSID.E. [TrrHLors.] 



TYPHO'NIUM, a genus of Plants belonging to the natural order 

 Aronltir. The spathe is convolute at its base. Spadix interruptedly 

 androgynous below, with rudiments of the sexual organs below the 

 stamens, naked, with a subulate apex. Ovaries with a single ovule, 

 affixed at the base, erect. The species are all stemless herbs, indi- 

 genous to India. 



T. ori.eeme is described by Dr. Roxburgh by the name of Arum 

 orixcrue, and as common in the shady mango-groves near Samulkota, 

 where the soil is dry and fertile. It is called Ghekool by the natives. 

 Like many other of the Aroitlar, this plant U exceedingly acrid. 

 TYRANT-SHRIKES. [LAKIAD&] 



U 



UAKAXU8. 

 UCA. [OECABCIHUi.] 



UDORA, a genus of PlanU belonging to the natural order Hydro- 

 ckaridacta, A probable species of this genus has been recently intro- 

 duced into England, and described by Babington under the name of 

 Anafkarii aiiitiiutrum. The following is his description in the ' Manual 

 of BritUh Botany': 



It has iU leaves 3 in a whorl, oval-oblong, obtuse, serrulate (the 

 male flower is unknown), the female flower with a tubular bifid spathe, 

 many times longer than the sessile gcrmen : sepals, and petals, broad, 

 nearly equal; stigmas rcficxcd. The stem is long, branching ; whorls 

 of leaves many and close together. Flowers subtended by n leaf-like 

 bract placed within the whorl of leaves. Flowers very small. The 

 ncpals tinged with green and pink externally, incurved, hooded, with 

 a narrow diaphanous margin. The petals are flat, diaphanous, re- 

 curved, and oblong. Filaments at first curved outwards, their points 

 placed under the hood of the sepaU, afterwards erect, linear, blunt, 

 diaphanous ; stigmas recurved, linear, or deeply bifid ; sepals, petals, 

 and stigmas, of about equal length ; the style adnate on three aides to 

 the tube. 



This plant was first observed in Great Britain by the late Dr. John- 

 ston of Berwick-upon-Twred, in the river Whiteadder, in Berwickshire. 

 It was afterwards discovered in a canal near Nottingham, and subse- 

 quently in many other place*. Although at first not known, yet late 

 inquiries have led to the conclusion that this plant is the Cilora 

 Cnnwlntrit of American botanists, and that it has been introduced 

 into this country by means of the timber that is brought from the 

 New World. It* power of retaining its vitality adapts it to bear so 

 long a journey without destruction. The pistilliferous plant* have 

 alone been seen in Great Britain. Its power however of reproducing 

 itself by buds is so great that it has already become a serious pest in 

 the river*, canals, lakes, and ponds, to which it has had access. It is 

 one of those plant* in which a circulation can be seen, and has 



afforded to several observers the means of more closely watching these 

 vegetable movement* than any other plant which has yet been 

 examined. It has been inferred by Dr. Branson and other', that the 

 movements of the cell-content) of this plant are produced by cilia. 

 Mr. Wenham however regards this movement as originating iu the 

 molecular activity of the proteinoceous endoplaat 



(Babington, Manual of Botany ; Marshall, On the new Waler-W,<>! , 

 Branson and Weuhatn, On Ike Sap-Circulation of Anacharit alii- 

 not/rum, in voL iii. of the Quarterly Journal of Microtcopical Science.) 

 ULK.Y, a genus of Plants belonging to the section Latent, of the 

 natural order Legttminoia. The species of this genus are branched 

 evergreen shrubs, furnished with epiues, and bearing yellow flowers. 

 The calyx is 2 -parted and 5-toothed ; the legume oval-oblong, turgid, 

 scarcely longer than the calyx, containing but few seeds; ovules 

 numerous. 



I', t.'uropaui, Furze, Gorge, or Whin, has linear-lanceolate leaved, 

 villous branchlets, ovate loose bractcas, and a pubescent calyx. It is 

 a common inhabitant of the plains and hills of Great Britain. It is 

 an erect evergreen shrub with beautiful yellow flowers, which appear 

 iu greatest abundance from February to May, although in mild seasons 

 it may be seen in blossom all the year round, giving rise to the old 

 proverb that "Love is out of season when the furze is out of blossom." 

 The double-flowered variety of U. uropceut was first found in Devon- 

 shire, and is now not uncommon in gardens and shrubberies. The 



1 double flowers add very much to the beauty of the plant It can 



: only be propagated by cutting*. 



V. nannt, Dwarf Furze, has the teeth of the calyx lanceolate, 

 spreading ; the bracteas minute, close, pressed ; the leaves linear and 

 smooth ; the branches smooth, reclining. This plant is a native of 

 Great Britain, also of the west of France, in poor gravelly soils, but 

 not common on the continent. 



I', ilrictut, Irish Furze, has few or no spines, with an erect, narrow, 

 and compact habit. This plant was discovered in the county of Down 



