wroLF. 



XANTHOCHYMUS. 



gravity 341. Found in an island near Brovig in Norway. The analysis 



by Scheerer gives 



Silica 30-62 



Cplumbio Acid 14-47 



Zirconia ........ 15*17 



Lim 26-19 



Soda 7-78 



Oxide of Iron 2'12 



Protoxide of Manganese 1-55 



Magnesia 0-40 



Water 0'24 



98-54 



WOLF. [CAN-IS.] 



WOLF-BERRY. [STMPUORICARPS.J 



WOLF-DUO. More than one variety of the dog is known by this 

 name. 



The Wolf-Dog of Spain a nearly as large as a mastiff. The nose is 

 pointed, the ear* are erect, the coat long and fine, the tail bushy or 

 feathered, and curling over the back. The colour is generally white 

 with Urge fulvous or brown patches. Sometimes the coat is closer. 



The Black Wolf-Dog of the Indians of Florida is described by Bar- 

 tram as not differing from the wolves of the country excepting in its 

 bark. That this animal is sagacious and trustworthy, appears from 

 the fact that one was trained to watch and keep together horses with- 

 out any human help. 



The Irish Wolf-Dog is now very rare ; and, indeed, the breed had 

 been so crossed, that latterly two were seldom seen alike. 



WOLF-FISH. [ANABBHICAS.] 



WOLFRAM. [TUK08TEH.] 



WOLF'S-BANE. [ACOHITCM.] 



WOLKOSSKOIT, a Mineral occuring amorphous. Structure com- 

 pact. Fracture imperfect, conchoidal. Hardness 2-5. Colour light 

 emerald-green. Streak bluish-green and shining. Opaque. Nearly 

 dulL Specific gravity 2'2. It is so extremely fragile that it readily 

 falls to pieces on a slight blow. It is found at Perm in Russia. It 

 contains oxide of chromium, oxide of iron, silica, magnesia, and water. 



WOLLASTONITE (Tubular Spar), a Mineral, consisting of Silicate 

 of Lime. It occurs crystallised and massive. Primary form an 

 oblique rhombic prism. Cleavage parallel to the terminal plane and 

 horizontal diagonal. Fracture uneven. Hardness, scratched by phos- 

 phate of lime. Colour white, gray, yellow, red, and brown. Streak 

 white. Lustre vitreous. Translucent, transparent Specific gravity 

 2-805. The amorphous varieties are composed of columnar crystals 

 lying in all directions, or fibrous, the fibres being either parallel or 

 divergent. Before the blow-pipe on charcoal the edges are melted 

 into a semitranipwent colourless glass ; but it requires a very great 

 heat to fuse it perfectly ; with borax it readily melts in largo quantity 

 into a transparent glass. 



It is found in very perfect crystals at Vesuvius, at Capo di Bove 

 near Rome, in the Bannat, Ceylon, North America, Sweden, &c. 



WOLVKRINK. [OCLO.] 



WOMBAT. [MAuacriATA.] 



WOOD. [ExouENs; TISSUKS, VEGETABLE.] 



WOOD-APPLE. [FBROxu.1 



WOOD-AVENS. (Own.] 



WOOD-CHAT. 

 WOOD-COCK. 

 WOOD LARK. 



WOOD-LKOPABD. [ZEUZEBA.] 

 WOOD-LOUSE. [boroDi.1 

 WOOD-PIGEON. [COLUMBID.E.] 

 WOOD-BUSH. 



WOOD-SAGE. 

 WOOD-SORREL: [OXALB.]" 



WOOD-8TBJLWBBRBY. [STBAWBEBBY.] 



WOOD-SWALLOW. [SWALLOW-TRIBE.] 



WOOD-WARBLER. [SYLVIAD.K] 



WOOD-WREN. [SYLVIADA] 



WOOD-RUFF. [ABPERULA.] 



WOODBINE. [LONICKRA.] 



WOODPECKERS. [PICID.K.] 



WOO'DSIA, a genus of Ferns, having circular son, with an inferior 

 involucre, divided at the edges into numerous capillary segments. 



IT. ilvensi* is one of the rarest of our British Ferns ; it is found in 

 only two localities in Europe, one in Wales, and one in Scotland. It 

 takes root in the fissures of rocks and in the bleakest part of moun- 

 tainous places. The fronds are elongated, the pinnte triangular, with 

 deep lobes, the rhizoma tufted. There are varieties of this species, 

 which are by some writers considered as distinct species, but Mr. 

 Babiugton thinks this division unnecessary. 



(Babington, Manual of Brititk Botany; Newman, British Perm.) 



WOODY TISSUE. [TISSUES, VEGETABLE.] 



WOOL. The curly hair of sheep and other animals is called Wool. 

 [HAIK.] 



WOOL COTTON. [GOSSYPIUM ; COTTON.] 



WOOL-TREE. [ERIODKNDBON.] 



WOOLD. [RKSEDACEJE.] 



WOORALY. [STHYCHNOS.] 



WORBLES and WORNILS, common names given to the larva of 

 the Bot-Fly. [Bois.] 



WORM-GRASS. [SricEUA.] 



WORMS. [ANNELIDA; ENTOZOA; INTKSTINA: VEBMES.] 



WORMSEED. [SriOELiA.] 



WORMWOOD. [ABTEMISIA.] 



WORTHITE, a Mineral, occurring in rolled masses, having a foliated 

 crystalline structure, and sometimes presenting very small apparently 

 1-sided prisms or plates. Colour white. Hardness 8*5. Lustre vitreous. 

 Translucent. Specific gravity S-l. Found near St. Petersburg, and on 

 the shores of the Bay of Finland. Analysis, by Dr. Hess : Silica, 40'7S ; 

 alumina, 93-06 ; magnesia, 0-SS ; water, 4-63. 



AVOUND-WORT. [STACHYS.] 



AVOW-WOW. [HYLOBATKS.] 



WK.VSSE. [CBEMLABBUS ; LABRID.F.] 



AVREN. [TBOGLODYTIN.E ] 



WRIGHTIA, a genus of Plants belonging to the natural order 

 Apocynacece, named after Dr. AVilliam AVright. It has a 5-parted 

 calyx, a salver-shaped corolla with the throat crowned by ten divided 

 scales ; the stamens exserted, attached to the throat of the corolla, 

 and the anthers sagittal, cohering by their middle to the stigma : the 

 ovaries two, cohering ; the style single, filiform, dilated at top ; scales 

 ' five to ten in number, seated at the base of the calyx outside the 

 ! corolla : the follicles distinct or combined with adnate placentas. 



jr. antidi/tenterica is a native of Ceylon, and has sweet-scented 

 flowers with a form resembling those of the Jasmine. The wood is 

 white, of a fine grain, and susceptible of polish, and is used by the 

 turner and cabinet-maker. The bark of this shrub, which goes by 

 the name of Conessi bark in Great Britain, and Palapatta in India, 

 is asserted to be a specific in dysentery and of use in most disordered 

 states of the bowels. Its milky juice is also used as a vulnerary. 



WRYNECK. [YuNX.] 



WYCH-ELM. [ULMCS.] 



AVYCH-HAZEL. ~ 



WYDLE'RIA, a genus of Plants belonging to the natural order 

 I'mbellifcrce, named after H. AVydler, a botanist. 



VALLE, the Turkish name of the steds of the Prickly Christ's 

 ** Thorn, J'aliurul aculraliu. [PAUURUB.] 



XANTIIIIMUM. [DESMIDIKA:; 



XANTHITE. [IOOCBASE.] 



XA'NTHIUU, a genus of Plants mostly referred to the natural 

 order Componlir, but of which Link form* small order called Ambt-o- 

 liatta. The genns Xanlhiun has monoecious flowers; the male 

 flower* hare many-leaved involucrum, tubular petals, and a palea- 

 ceous receptacle ; the female flowers have an involucrum with a single 

 leaf, which is bilocular, and embraces two flowers without petals. 

 The species are herbs. 



A', itrumarium, the Lesser Burdock of English botanists, is a naked 

 plant, with the lower leaves cordate, 8-lobed, toothed, and 3-uerved. 

 It is found on roadsides and in cultivated places in Great Britain and 

 other part* of Europe. A", tpmoatm is found in the south of Europe. 

 It has entire or 3-lobed leaves, and is covered with 3-forked spines. 

 An infusion of this plant is sometimes used as a yellow dye ; hence 

 the generic name, from {<u>6oi, yellow. 



(Koch, Flora Ucrmanica ; Burnett, Outline*.) 



XANTHO (Leach), a genus of Brachyurons Criulacea, placed by M. 



Milne-Edwards among his Cancerieus Arquds [ I'LAT YCAUCIN us], be- 

 tween the genera Layottonta and C/doroilitu. The carapace in very 

 wide, but never regularly ovoid, and with but little convexity ; its 

 surface generally entirely horizontal transversely, and not curved in 

 its longitudinal direction, except on the anterior portion. Front 

 ordinarily advanced, lamellar, and nearly horizontal ; a narrow fissure 

 divides it into two lobes, the border of which is more or less notched 

 in the middle. The orbits present nothing remarkable, and resemble 

 those of the Crabs and of Zozymut. The antennary fossets are narrow, 

 transversal, and separated by a delicate partition. The basilary joint 



I of the external antennic is placed as in the Zoy/mi, but is in general 

 shorter. The species are numerous, and spread in all seas. 



We illustrate the genus by X. floridut, which is common on the 



i English ami French coasts, about two inches in length, of a reddish 

 brown-colour, with black claws. (See next page.) 



XANTHOCHYMUS, a genus of Plants belonging to the natural 

 order Guttifera. It is by some botanists referred to the genus Stalag- 

 mitit [SIALAUMITU], from which it differs in its hermaphrodite flowers, 

 and its stamens being disposed in five bundles. Threo species of East 

 Indian plants have been described under Xanthochymnt by Dr. Box. 



