1261 



XANTHOMYZA. 



XANTHOXYLACEjE. 



1282 



Xantho floridut. 

 a, external jaw-foot ; &, external antenna. 



burgh. Of these the X. pictoriua is the most important. This plant 

 is the X. tincloriiii of Linnaeus. It has lanceolate acuminate leaves, 

 wrinkled petioles, and fruit 1-4-seeded. It is a native of the East 

 Indies, in valleys among the Circar Mountains. 



XANTHOMYZA, called by Swainson Zanthomvza, is a sub-genus of 



Xanlfiomyxa phri/fia. (Gould.) 



Meliphaga. [MELIPHAGID.E.] The bill is moderate, much curved; 

 ;he culrnen considerably arched. Face naked. Middle toe much 

 onger than the hallux. The tenuirostral type. (Sw.) 



X. phi'ygia is the Sferops phrygius, Black aud Yellow Bee-Eater, and 

 Black and Yellow Honey-Eater of Latham ; Embroidered Bee-Eater 

 of Shaw ; Warty-Faced Honey-Eater and Melipharja phrygia of Lewin ; 

 Le Merle Ecaille' of Le Vaillant ; Philcdon of Temminck ; Philemon 

 phrygius of Vieillot ; A ntkochiera phryyia of Vigors and Horsfield ; 

 and Mock Regent Bird of the colonists of New South Wales. 



Sexes nearly alike in colouring, but the female rnuoh smaller than 

 the male. The youug destitute of the warty excrescences on the face, 

 that part being partially clothed with feathers. It is a native of 

 Australia. 



XANTHOPHYLL. When Chlorophyll loses its green colour in 

 autumn, it has been supposed that a new principle, Xanthophyll, 

 takes its place. [CHLOROPHYLL.] 



XANTHOPHYLLITE. [CLINTONITE.] 



XANTHORHI'ZA, a genus of Plants belonging to the natural order 

 Ranunculacea; and the tribe Pceonietf. It has a calyx composed of 5 

 deciduous sepals ; 5 petals ; 2- to 3-seeded carpels, but the seeds are 

 usually solitary from abortion. There is but one species of this genue, 

 X. apiifolia, which is a small shrub, a native of North America from 

 Virginia to Georgia, where it grows on the shady banks of rivers, and 

 is commonly known by the name of Yellow-Root. The bark of the 

 root is intensely bitter, and is used in America as a tonic, but the plant 

 has also acrid properties. 



XANTHORNUS, a genus of Birds described in the article STPHNIDJE. 

 We subjoin a representation of the Baltimore Oriole, or Golden Kobin, 

 which belongs to this genus. 



Baltimore Oriole. 



XANTHOXYLA'CEjG, Xanthoxyln, a natural order of Exogenous 

 Plants. The flowers are unisexual and regular ; the calyx in three, 

 four, or five divisions; the petals usually of the same number as 

 the divisions of the calyx, usually longer than the calyx, and some- 

 times absent; the jcstivation is generally twisted aud convolute; 

 the stamens are equal in number to the petals, or twice the num- 

 ber and arise from around the base of the stalk of the abortive 

 carpels ; in the female flowers they are either absent or very imperfect ; 

 the ovary is made up of the same number of carpels as there are 

 petals, or of a smaller number; the carpels are either distinct or 

 more 'or less combined ; there are mostly two ovules in each cell, 

 sometimes four ; the styles are more or less combined, according to 

 the cohesion of the carpels; the fruit is either membranous or in the 

 form of a berry, sometimes having from 2 to 5 cells, and sometimes 

 consisting of several drupes or 2-valved capsules, of which the sarco- 

 carp is fleshy, and is easily separated from the endocarp ; the seeds ara 



