COAL FLAHTSL 



COBALT ' 



fVparirrr M<riM/, Lindlcy. 



^V t . .t | ; B 



f. 



r ,.-,...,. 



P 



' 



P. rrr~U, UodHV. 



Broog. 



A.i-., Lindley. 



/ 



, Witham. 



Undly. 



JTilrm'i J -rT" '' 

 . I..tvlU-T. 

 . LtadUy. 



JT fill 



P. mni*llarti, Lindley. 

 /'. \\',tkam>, Lindley. 

 Pimlaria (apiHaceo, Lindley. 

 Pit ft a.r, v .,i, Witham. 

 P. prim**, Witham. 

 /Wt/ nxmiu, Lindley. 

 Khadtm da^fta, Preal. 



- 1 



i . 



!(, PresL 



ftmitm putrmt, Brong. 

 *0iori fccnwiw, Lindley. 





, Lindley. 

 , Brong. 



, . 



.>'. Jtuntota, Lindley. 

 .S Knorrii, Brong. 

 & MttfcnM, Brong. 



. . 



>'. Slurrhaoni, Lindley. 

 & molala, Brong. 

 & ofulata, Lindley. 

 & ormo/im, Brong. 

 & rmifirmit, Brong. 

 & SnUlii, Brong. 

 Splmbplflimm dtmtalum, Brong. 

 & cmaryintitxm, Brong. 

 & erotmm, Lindley. 

 & ScUotheimit, Brong. 

 Sphntoflerii acvlifolia, Brong. 

 : & aJiaitioidrt, Lindley. 

 & af*u, Lindley. 

 A artrmiiirfolia, Sternb. 

 & UjUa, Lindley. 

 & caudala, Lindley. 

 & CoiMpayi, Lindley. 

 & rraMa, Lindley. 

 5. rmta/a, Lindley. 



auMotafa, Lindley. 



filalafa, Lindley. 

 8. tlcyw, Brong. 

 & oMba. Lindley. 

 & yrarilu, Brong. 



Vrfi'i, Lindley. 

 A tali/olio, Brong. 

 . . ,. .. 



& mmtilnta, LindUy. 

 .1. mlt,*.ta. l.mdlay. 

 A otoraM l..i,.!l. > 



Brong. 



;> 



!, .., 



r tkUmgnm, LindUy. 

 r. tUtaformt, Lindley. 

 r orafmii. Liii<llry. 

 ChJtmJnm AUam,, BuckL 

 r. Om^aHi, BuckL 

 RXn 



r nuy'iu, Lindley. 

 /'. Mmiu. Lli 



u, HchUt. 



Man rcwBi ! |^liis bat* enUrgvd lhi lint : at the 



*im H should W ramsaibtmi that Uw in cooidrabU doubt a. to 

 WOT Jl UMM (ami ttraolil b* rannkd a* *ft^m. The f..llowin 

 teW. dn. n,. by Mr. PMtim in bU cbapUn on Fonsil lh>Un r will 



COASSUa 



COB.KA'CE.E, a small natural order of Plants, separated by D. 

 Don from Polemoiuaeea. It ban a leafy 5-cleft equal calyx ; an 



inferior eampanulate regular 5-lobed oarolla, imbricate in 

 5 unequal itameni ruing from the bane of the corolla, with 2-celled 

 compreaaed anthers ; superior 3-eelled ovary, nurroiin<lv<l by a fleahy 

 annular hypogynous dine; the ovules several, ascending; siiuplf 

 Htyle ; triid stigma ; the fruit cnpsular, 3-celled. 3-valved, with a 

 cpticidal dehiscence ; the placenta very large, 3-cornered in the 

 axia, its angles touching the line of dehiscence of the pericarpium ; 

 the weds flat, winged, imbricated in a double row, their integument 

 mucilaginous, fleshy albumen, and a straight embryo ; the cotyledons 

 foliitoeoiu; the radicle inferior. The species are climbing shrubs, 

 with alternate pinnated leaves, the common petiole being converted 

 into a tendril. Q. Don observes that this order is readily di*tinguuhe<l 

 from Biynoniacett and PrdaUne<r by the flowers being regular and 

 pentandrous, and in the presence of albumen in the seeds ; and from 

 Pottmoniact by habit and its winged seeds. Lindley places the 

 genus Cobira, which is the only one of the order, iu Poltmoniacea, 

 and says, " The differences of importance between the one and the 

 other appear to consist in the former having an unusually large lobed 

 disc, a septicidal dehiscence, and climbing habit : distinctions, I 

 fear, of too little moment to be admitted as of ordinal value." 



There are two species of Cotcea, C. tcanden* and C. lulea : the 

 former has large eampanulate flowers, with a short tube of a dark 

 dirty purple colour ; the latter has yellowish flowers, about half the 

 size of those of C. tcandent. The C. icaadeni is a great favourite in 

 our gardens, and is a rapid-growing and abundant-flowering climber. 

 It will grow in the open air in summer, and should be trained 

 against a south wall, or against a house, when it flowers profusely. 

 It is adapted for conservatories and greenhouses. It may be propa- 

 gated by seeds or cutting!. 



(Don, DicUamydeoia Planlt ; Lindley, Natural Syttem.) 



COBALT ORES. Cobalt is not found in the native state, and it* 

 res, though not numerous, require a more minute examination than 

 they have hitherto received. We shall notice those which are beat 

 known. 



Bright White Cobalt or White Cobalt occurs crystalline and massive ; 

 the primary form is a cube, the planes of which are usually striated ; 

 colour silver-white ; streak grayish-black ; lustre metallic ; hardness 

 &&, yielding with difficulty to the knife, and not very frangible ; 

 specific gravity 6'3 to 6'5 ; fracture uneven ; cleavage parallel to the 

 face* of the cube ; before the blowpipe on charcoal give* arsenical 

 fumes, and tinges borax of a deep blue. 



It is found in fine crystals at Tunaberg in Sweden, in Norway, 

 Silesia, and Cornwall. 



It is met with also amorphous, arborencent, botryoidal, and 

 stalactitic. The following in the analysis of the crystals from Tuna- 

 berg by Klaproth and Stromeycr : 



Cobalt ...... 44 387 



Arsenic ..... 65 49'0 



Sulphur ..... 00-5 6-8 



7'8 



ri'-ir*i''r Crfmlt or 7/arrf TT*i/e Cb6a/ occurs massive and crystal- 

 lised in cubes and octohedrons; colour tin-white, but sometimes 

 externally tarnished ; fracture fine-grained and uneven; lustre 

 metallic; it yield" with dilhVulty to the knife, and is hard and 

 brittle; specific gravity variously stated, from 074 to 77; yields 

 arsenical vapour when heated with the blowpipe, and tinges borax 

 deep blue. 



Tin- massive is amorphous, arborescent, botryoid.-il, &.<. The 

 HMtpbom occurs in Cornwall, and the crystallised at Skuttorud in 

 Norway. Analysis of the crystals by Stromeyer : 



Cobalt 83-10 



Arsenic ....... 43-46 



Iron . . . 8-28 



Sulphur . 20-00 



9979 



