CON US. 



MM. -form a bamntifuUy defined link connecting the Cones with 

 tie Volutes, strioUy so termed." It ha. the following generic cha 

 ^^^toUinifora. Spire vary short Outer hp simple. 

 Culuowlla or pillar plaited. A|rture "ncer. narrow, longer than 



^r! > 8wain^nT^to*ill inostrationT) figures three species, and 

 ' iptrinvn-T are in the Bankaian collection from 

 ."ooeof these spimirr in that collection, Taheite, 

 i, is given as a locality. Mr. Cuming brought 



tk* Mew Islands. Toone o ese spece, n a , . 



uallr oiled OUhdtr, is riven M locality. Mr. Cunuug brought 

 ? C Yiroo which Mr. Swainson considers as 

 JJlSTtW..!^,' from the reef, at the Wand of Hietoa. It 

 B ^, jn gtoljinr wmter 



" Hhtti smooth, whitish, with tranirene capillary 

 falroo. Hnm Spire depressed, the apex prominent. Pillar six-plaited. 

 lirfuJMtotto South See. <F>." <Swauon.) The figure-, .which are at 

 the natural siae, are oupied from the accurate drawing in the ^logical 

 Hhmr-ti^.- All the other known species are comparatively small 



(kmerlir limralta. 



De Blainville divides the genus Hitra into five sections, and makes 

 his fifth consist of fmtritaria, Schum., and Conotiir, Sow., meaning 

 Sowerby ; but the genus is Swainson's, and is generally adopted. 



CONOP8, a genus of InsecU belonging to the order Diptrra and 

 the family CbnopiaVr, The family Conopida is thus characterised : 

 proboscfci dintinct, last joints of antenna forming a short style, 

 Wing, perfect Cubital vein simple ; brachial veins without spurious 

 vein ; axillary lobe rounded. Halteres uncovered. 



The genus Conopt has the following characters : Body of middle 

 rie, rather slender, generally adorned with yellow or red bands. 

 Head thick, vesieulose, the crown especially, with a transverse vesi- 

 cular tubercle ; front broad in both sexes. Eyes prominent, oblong ; 

 ocelli none. Proboscis long, porrect stiff, clavate, horizontal, -or 

 somewhat raised into a curve, geniculate at the base, arched above, 

 hollow beneath, obliquely notched at the tip, much shorter than the 

 InVfr. Lingua slender, filiform, transparent Palpi uniarticulate, 

 short, very small, fringed at the tips with fine bristles. I.abium 

 obliquely porrect, cylindrical, twice the length of the lingua, narrower 

 towards the tip, most slender in the male, bilobed, slightly hairy, 

 and with three shallow transverse furrows at the tip. Antenna; 

 bout as long as the head, porrect, seated on a tubercle, approximate 

 at the base, diverging thenoe ; first joint short, cylindrical, pubescent, 

 forming an angle with the second ; second long, sub-cUvate ; third 

 conioal, shorter than the second ; fourth very short : fifth and sixth 

 larger, widened on one aide ; sixth and seventh like a little spine. 

 Thorax almost quadrate, slightly convex above, with a scapula on 

 each side ; seutellum small, semicircular. Wings lanceolate, finely 

 unbent, and parallel in repose, pnebrachial vein united 



with the cubital towards the tip ; prssbrachial and discal areolets 

 long, the Utter closed near the posterior margin by a transverse vein 

 atial arenlct long, distinct, complete. Abdomen arched, rather long 

 with six ses.man)s more or leas slender towards the base, obclavate 

 toward* the tip, which i- incurved. Legs rather stout ; tibia; very 

 lightly curved, compressed and dilated at the tips, in some cases 

 with a transverse suture; tarsi rather broad; ungues and 



Male. Abdororn with a projecting conical process on the fourth 

 segment beneath. 



These lies frequent Bowers ; their larva; are paranitic on those o 

 the humMe-bre. There are twenty species of this insect in the col 

 lection at the British Museum, of these not more than throe are foum 

 in '"t****^! the rest having been caught in the south of Franco, Nortl 

 AaeScaTand Australia. 



A single t|t*t" M of C. ttrigala was found near Killarney, in 

 he year 1 850. (Walker, /lureta Britan 



[MctAMrm] 



i 1 V UIA. a fossil genus of .VoUntca, generally ranked witl 

 QrftMlofoda. (THKOCOMATA.] 

 OO'Ni'l.rs. a generic name for Sckinida, to which also the term 



- .ppliei 



Xt'S, agraueof Oastsropodons IttUmra. founded by I.inn . .M 

 The animal is elongated, very much compressed and involved, with 

 very distinct bead, terminated by a proboscis capable of much cxton 

 eion : mouth with a tongue rather short, but projecting, and an 

 with two rows of sharp teeth ; teaUcula cylindrical, carrying the eyes 

 new toe summit ; foot oval, elongated, wider before than it Is behind, 

 with a tranmr*e anterior channel; mantle scanty, narrow, formin 

 an elongated siphon in front 



Shell thick, solid, rolled up as it were in a conical form ; cpidurmia 



_embranous, sometimes very thick ; spire of different degrees of 



levation, sometimes almost flat; aperture lon.n :m.l very narrow, 



widening a little anteriorly; lips generally straitfit an.l paimlW, B 



iit<-r lip simple and sharp-edged, sometimes a little nn v. .!, tin- IIIIKT 



ithout any plaits on the columella, but with a few elevate*! 

 its anterior termination. OpiTculuin horny, very small, subspinil, 

 with a terminal summit, placed obliquely on the back p-irt of (he. 

 oot, and, when compared with the length of the aperture, tppeuiBg 

 ke a rudiment. 



The species are found in southern and tropical seas. The form 

 Becomes gradually less developed as the locality approaches the noHli. 

 n the Mediterranean there are a few species, but none appear t 

 jeen detected in the northern seas. They are carnivorous, and bund 

 >c sandy mud at depths varying from near the surface of the sea to 

 seventeen fathoms. 



The species are very numerous. Lamarck record* 181 recent ; and 

 several of these include varieties. The following observations of 

 fa. Broderip in his introduction to the description of some new species 

 n the Cumingian collection may be of use to the student 

 ointing out the difficulty of the task arising from the infinite varieties 

 resented by the genus, anil the very few points of form anil structure 

 n the shell that can be relied on as the foundation of .SJK, ili,- < li:i 

 racter, the author thus continues : " M. de Blainville, when noticing 

 he numerous species already recorded, gives us a hint that many of 

 hem may be what Adanson calls ' espoces de cabinet,' and no one 

 can examine an extensive collection of Cones, particularly if it contain 

 many individuals of each species, for the purpose of comparison, 

 without being struck by the force of the observation. Colour, granu- 

 ation, or smoothness, length or shortness of the spire, its plainness 

 or coronation, will be found in many species the result of locality, 

 bod, or temperature." M. Duclos, in reference to the numbers iveii 

 jy Lamarck, states that he is convinced that there arc many of the 

 species which can only be regarded as varieties at most A 

 269 recent speciea and 80 fossil species have been describe.:! up to the 

 present time. 



Many of these species and varieties arc verybe:uitifnl, l>th in shape 

 and colour, and the genus has always been highly vnlueil by coll- 

 C'uniu gloria-marit, C. ado-nulli, C. omai'ctw, C. auritiac*. 

 alii, and some others, have brought very large prices, and some of the 

 inest specimens of these shells are now in this count ry. 



Lamarck separates the genus into two divisions : the in-; <-<>m|iri>iii%' 

 those species whose spire is coronated; and the svcoml Ih.-e !i- 

 spire U simple. By far the greater proportion of species belong 

 latter division. 

 De Blainville thus divides the genus : 



a. 



Conical species with a projecting spire, which is not crowned with 

 tubercles. (Example, C. yentralit.) 



/3. 



(Genus JViombtu, De Montfort.) 



Conical species with a coronated spire, which i cither projecting 

 or flattened. (Example, C. imi>erialu). 



* 



(Qenus Cylinder, De Montfort.) 



Species a little elongated, suboval ; the wpire projecting and 

 pointed, but not coronated. (Example, C. ttjtil,.) 



(Genus RM<u, De Montfort) 



Snlicylindrical species, the spire apparent and coronated. (Example, 

 C. ycoyrapk**.) 



SL 



(Genus J ferma, De Montfort) 



Elongated, cylindrical species with a projecting spire, and the 

 aperture as in the genus Trrebrllnm, that is, angular posteriorly. 

 (Examples, C. \tutnlella and C. milratta.) 



Mr. Q.B. Sowerby ('Genera of Recent and Fossil Shells') observes 

 that the Cones are liable to be confounded with the PtawotosMBto, and 

 the young specimens of some Strombi ; and those which are 



, 



Animal of Convt l 



a, ccn In proBIc ; 6, view of under ulilc ; r, oporciiH.ni. 

 ventrioose with young CV/' r '" r ''"' that they may be distinguished 

 from the Plrurotomala by their nhort spire, their linear apcrtui 

 their straight columella; from the young Sti-oml.i, by their being 



