

\l.\CKX. 



K.I 



b* ort,.a and oar*a*d. but woold r**ent an affront both with bill 

 mod eUw - It ia," ay Pennant. " active, rB*tl*m. and Uttering ; 

 Btfr Ukm with glitter, and meddling as not to be truitcd where 

 things of oo*jMilii*niir lie. It b Terr apt to catch up bit* of lighted 

 stick*, eo that there are instances of hou*M being eat on Are by its 

 mar, which U the reason that Cunden call* it incendiaria aria.' " 

 8*Nr*l of the Welah and Cornish familie* bear this bird in their coat- 



There are foreign spci* rVry.Yj Intmptmu, Vigor* and II. <r* 

 ftaU (/yraeKX {nuvpfenu, Temminck). from Australia, where 

 U b oaOsd by the native* Waybung. according to Mr. Caley, and 

 ~ i AIM. of Honfteld. from Java, for instance. 

 L fBnui* or PABADISK.] 



BUl mooth at the ban*, compressed laterally, straight 

 abov*. pourted. notched, and bent towards the extremity. Tail very 

 long and very graduated. 



PI* O* I-.rm.1i.. 



Tki* gn.i. wan founded by Virillot for a l.ird <,( the moil brilliant 

 l-luir.g,, which with other character. ,.!-.-. it near the Bird* of 

 I'mrnW. while it ha* several point* which w.Mil.l lra.1 to arranging it 

 UM Thi-uahe*. Thu Omelin gave it the name of Paroduta 

 Latham that of Porodura yulari,, while Cuvi*r considered 



it to oome under the genui Tttrdui (Merle de la Nouvellc Quince). 

 Thii beautiful bird ii the Pie de Paradis or Incomparable of ill- 

 r'rench. Leatton aayi : " I brought from New Ouinea two in.lm.linU 

 of thin magnificent bird, the value of which i* sufficiently considerable 

 in France, and which seems to be very ran eren in its native country ; 

 Tor, during our sojourn at the Molucca* and the land of the Papous, 

 I only saw there two birds, and on* of these now embellishes the 

 galleries of the museum where I deposited it." 



No description can convey any idea of the brilliancy of thin bird. 

 The metallic tint* of almost every hue, varying with the piny f th<> 

 light on the plumage, almost surpass belief. It is well figured in 

 I.e Vaillant's ' Oiseaux de I'aradis,' plate 20 and 21 ; but no colour- 

 ing can give the slightest notion of it* splendid intensity and variety. 

 The form may be imagined from the preceding cut taken from the 

 plates above mentioned. 



Foail Cor' 



Dr. Bucklnnd mentions the remains of the Raven as occurring in 

 the cave at Kirkdale, and figures the right ulna of one of those birds 

 in ' Reliquiae Diluvianse,' plate xi. 



CORVUS. rCoBviDA] 



CORYDA'LIS, a genus of Plants belonging to the natural ..r-l r 

 Funariaffcf. It has a calyx composed of two sepals, or absent ; 4 

 petals, the upper one sparred at the base ; the stamens diadelpl 

 the pod 2-valved, many seeded, compressed. The species are n 

 small glaucous herbs, with ternate or pinnated leaves, and fusiform 

 tuberous or fibrous roots. Upwards of 40 species of this genus have 

 been described. They are natives of the temperate part* of the earth 

 in the four quarters of the globe. 



C. clariculata. White Climbing Fumitory, him a fibrous root ; pin- 

 nate leaves, with acuminate bracts, the pinna' ternate ; footstalk ending 

 in tendrils. It has small pale-yellow or nearly white flowers. It has 

 a slender climbing stem, 1 to 4 feet long. It ia found in bushy place* 

 in hilly district* of Great Britain and throughout K\.; 



C. l*tea, Yellow Fumitory, has n fibrous root, triternate leaves; 

 minute oblong cuspidate' bracts ; shining seeds, granulate-rugose, with 

 a patent denticulated crest. This plant is a native of the south of 

 Europe, in the fissures of rocks and old walls. It is now naturalised 

 in Great Britain, and forms a picturesque object on the old walls of 

 ruins, as at Castleton in Derbyshire, and Fountains Abbey, Yorkshire. 

 It is a very common plant in gardens. 



0. tolida has a tuberous solid root, with biternate cut leaves, the 

 lowest petiole a leafless scale, the bracts palmate. It U found in Great 

 Britain, but has been undoubtedly introduced. 



C. Pabacea has a nearly simple erect stem, scaly under the lower 

 leaf ; the leaves stalked, biternate ; the bracts ovate, acute, longer than 

 the pedicles. It is a native of shady mountainous places in Sweden, 

 Denmark, and many other part* of the continent of Europe. Tln- 

 species, as well as C. tuberota, a native of the South >!' Kurope, ha* a 

 tuberous root. The root of both the species ia very bitter and rather 

 acrid. That of C'. tubtroM is hollow, and i* found to contain a icu- 

 liar alkali called Corydalin. On the continent these roots are used 

 under the name of Radix Arutotochict, and are employed as external 

 applications to indolent tumours. C. btttbota has a tuber which is 

 somewhat aromatic, extremely bitter, slightly astringent, and acrid, 

 and was formerly used as a substitute t'ur Birth-Worts in expelling 

 intestinal worms, and as an emmeaagogue. 



Many of the species are cultivated in Great Britain, and, having 

 escaped from gardens, are occasionally found wild, but only C. 

 culala is a native ; C. luita U naturalised. In cultivation they require 

 a light rich soil They are well adapted for flower-borders and rock- 

 work. The perennial species may be propagated by dividing the roots, 

 the annual by seeds, which should be sown where they are intend. -.1 

 to remain. They will grow well under trees if the soil be not very dry. 



(Don, IKeUamydma Plant*; Lindlcy, Flora Mediea ; Loudon, 

 Bncyelop<rdtm of PUatlt ; Babington, Manual of British Botany.) 



niltVLA'CIL*, ItuHwort,, the Oak-Tribe, a highly important 

 natural order of Apetalous or Incomplete Exogenous Plant*, 

 consisting of tree* or shrubs, chiefly natives of the colder parts 

 of the world, and valuable either for the nuts they bear or the 

 timber they produce. The Oak, the Beech, the Hazel, the Horn- 

 lienm, and the Sweet Chestnut, all belong to this order, the 

 Keneral character of which is briefly this : Leave* alternate, usually 

 serrated, often with veins running straight from the midrib to the 

 margin, beyond which thev slightly project ; at the base of each leaf 

 a pair of membranous stipules. Flowers monoecious ; the males in 

 catkins ; the females in bud-like cluster*. Stamens from 5 to 20, 

 arising from the scale* of the catkin. Ovary inferior, crowned by a 

 toothed obsolete calyx, seated in a membranous cup or involucre, 

 with more cells than one, and as many styles as cells ; ovules solitary 

 or in pairs, pendulous ; all the ovules except one and all the cells 

 disappear after the flowering is over, and when the fruit is ripe there 

 is but one cell and one seed, whatever their number may originally 

 have been. Fruit, a nut (called also acorn, mast, *&), inclosed within 

 a peculiar kind of involucre or cupule composed of bracts more or lea* 

 united together, and forming a cup in the oak, n hunk ill the filbert, 

 and a spiny caso in the chestnut and beech. The seed consist* of a 

 roundish emliryo, with thick fleshy cotyledons, and no albumen. The 



