\RIR. 



KUGKMA. 



. O'mtnii, when wounded, furnishes the inhabitant* of Vn Diem, -tin 

 Land with a eopioiu supply of a cool, refreshing, (lightly aperient 

 li.]ui.l, which ferments and acquires the properties of beer. 



Upon the whole this gtnu* niuit be considered the most important 

 that Aiutralia produce*. As it occurs so far to the south as Van 

 Diemen's Lund it is almost certain that it might be naturalised in 

 Devonshire, Cornwall, and in the west of Inland, Even in the 

 neighbourhood of London certain kinds bear moderate winters 

 without shelter, especially K. pvlrtnUenla. 



It is very much to be regretted that some settled nomeuclaturo is 

 not introduced, for the colonist* apply the none name* to dill'en-nt 

 species la different parts of the country ; this renders it difficult to 

 tell of what they arc speaking. As far as we con collect the evidence, 

 it appear* that the following are, or should be the botanical species 

 to which the colonial names belong : 



E. piperUa. 

 E. ylobvlut. 

 E. robutta. 

 E. reriniftrn. 



E. renntfera. 



Uncertain. 

 Uncertain. 

 Uncertain. 

 Uncertain. 



Uncertain. 



Uncertain. 



/.'. manna, Cunil. 



A*, corymboia. 



E. reiiniftra. 



E. tiiliiiliiin, ( 'mm. 



E. Leucadendron, Cunn. 



slong : 



Blue Oum of Port Jackson . . . 

 Blue Oum of Hobart Town . 



Stringy Bark 



Iron-Bark ...... 



Kino-Gum , . . , . . 



Peppermint- Tree 



Weeping Gum of Van Diemen's Laud . 

 Mountain Blue Gum of Van Piemen's 1 



Land / 



Black Oum of Van Diemeu's Land . . 

 Black-Budded Gum of Van Diemen's 



Land 



Cider-Tree of Van Diemcn'g Land 



Manna-Gum 



Manna of Moreton Bay . 

 Blood- Wood of Port Jackson . 

 While Gum of Van Diemen's Land 

 White Gum of Moreton Bay 

 White Oum of the S.W. Interior 



EUCHARIS. [AcAi.Ei-H.it.] 



EUCHROITE, a Mineral consisting of Arseniate of Copper. It 

 occurs crystallised. Its primary form is a right rhombic prism. 

 Cleavage indistinct Colour bright emerald-green. Streak pale apple- 

 green. The fracture is uneven. Hardness 3'6 to 4'0. Lustre 

 vitreous. Refraction double. It is transparent, translucent Specific 

 gravity 3-38 to 3'41. Found at Ubethen in Hungary. The analysis, 

 by Turner, gives 



Arsenic Acid 83-02 



Oxide of Copper 47-85 



Water 18-80 



99-67 



KrcllY.SIDERITE (Atkmile), a Mineral which occurs crystallised. 

 Primary form an oblique rhombic prism, of same cleavage and mea- 

 mremente as Pyroxene. Colour brownish-black. Lustre vitreous. 

 Nearly opaque. Specific gravity 3 34. Hardness 6-0 to 6'5. Streak 

 yellowish-gray. Fracture imperfect, conchoidal. It occurs in Norway. 

 Before the blow-pipe alone readily fuses into a brilliant black globule ; 

 with borax forms a coloured glass. 

 According to Berzelius it consists of 



Silica 66-25 



Oxide of Iron 31-26 



8<l 10-40 



Lime 0-72 



Oxide of Manganese 1-03 



98-70 



KUCLASE, a crystallised Mineral, the primary form of which is an 

 obli.|iie rhombic prism. It is either colourless and nearly transparent, 

 bid-, or pale bluish green. It refracU doubly. Lustre vitreous. 

 Hanlnew 7-5. Specific gravity 8'08. Cleavage very distinct, parallel 

 to the oblique diagonal, but indistinct parallel to the terminal plane 

 and horizontal diagonal. The fracture is uneven, and the streak white. 

 It was first found in IVni, but has since been met with in detached 

 crystals in alluvial ground in Brazil. 

 According to Berzelius It consists of 



"=ina 21-78 



Silica 43.33 



Alumina 30-50 



Oxide of Iron g-gj 



Oxide of Tin 070 



98-68 



r.CCM-.MIS. [Kl.ATERIMl] 



EtXXKLIUM. (.XVSOKTM.I 



NOIAIML] 



KUDENDIUUM, a genus of Zoophytes belonging to the family 

 -'- '- nm sre two Brituk ^^J nwew. and E. 



. 



KUIHAL 



. 



LYTK, a Mineral which occurs both cryMnlliKd and 

 The erytel generally malL The primary form is a 

 ; the colour i. red or brownish-red, ml the erynteJs are 

 Lustre vtoeow, sometimes dull. 



. 

 rhomboid 



family translucent or opaque 



Specific gravity 2-. Hardness 5-0 to 5'6. Streak white. Fracture 

 uneven. The mamive varieties are imbedded and amorphous. It 

 occurs at Kandarltiarsuk, in Went Greenland. Before the blow-pipe 

 it fuses into a leek-green scoria. 



According to Stromeyer it consist* of 



Silica . ' 62-JT 



X.irconia. 10-89 



Lime lull 



Soda 18-93 



Oxide of Iron 6-85 



Oxide of Manganese 2'67 



Muriatic Acid 1-08 



Water 1-80 



99-87 



KUnORA. [At- 



EUDYNAMIS. 



EUDYTES. 



KUCKXKSITE. [PALLADIUM.] 



EUQE'NIA, a genus of Dicotyledonous Polypotalons Plant* of Uio 

 natural order Myrtacae, so named in honour of I'rinra Kugrm- of 

 Savoy, who was a patron of botany and horticulture. The genus, as 

 at present constituted, contains nearly 200 species, though nuinU'i-s 

 have been removed to the genera AWi/rw^owinio, M 

 Caryopkyftut, and Jambom, in which are now contained the Clove- 

 Tree, the Roae-Apple, and .Iaino.ni of India, formerly included in 

 Kvjniia. This genus is confined to the hot and tropical parts of tin- 

 world, as Brazil, the West India Islands, and Sierra Leone, and extends 

 from the Moluccas and Ceylon to Silhet and the foot of the Himalayas 

 in Asia. 



Eugenia is characterised by having the tube of the calyx of a 

 roundish form, and the limb divided into four parts; the petal* r.pial 

 in number, ami inserted on the calyx. The stamens are numerous. 

 The ovary 2-3-celled, with several ovules in each. Seeds 1 or '.'. 

 roundish, and large, with the cotyledons and radicle unitr.l into one 

 mass. In habit and inflorescence the species resemble many myrtles. 

 Like the family to which they belong, some of the species of Eugenia 

 secrete a warm volatile oil in their herbaceous parts ; abound in 

 tannin; yield good wood; and a few have fruit whii-h i< edible, 

 though not very agreeable, from being impregnated with the aroma of 

 the oil. 



Eugenia Pimento,, the Allspice Pimento, or Bayben-y-Tree, is a 

 native of South America and the West India Islands, especially 

 Jamaica, and from being cultivated there is often called Jamaica 

 Pepper. The tree is very handsome, often 30 feet high, and much 

 resembles the Clove-Tree in the form and appearance of its leaves, as 

 well as in habit The trunk is smooth, and much branched towards 

 the top. The older branches are round, the younger compressed, ami 

 the twigs as well as the flower-stalks pubescent ; the leaves are petiolatc, 

 oblong or oval, smooth, and marked with pellucid dots, forming a 

 dense evergreen foliage; the flower-stalks are both axillary and 

 terminal, and are divided into 3-forked panicles ; the flowers an-'- 

 without show, and conformable in structure to the character of 

 the genus. The berry is spherical and crowned with the per- 

 sistent calyx; when ripe, smooth, shining, and of a dark purpl.- 

 colour ; usually 1 -celled, occasionally -J -celled, containing Urge num. I . h 

 seeds. 



The Pimfnla is cultivated with great care in Jamaica, and abounds 

 especially on the hilN on the north side of the island. The ii. 

 formed into regular walks, and begin to bear when three vein 

 but are not in perfection until they have been plant. .1 seven yearn. 

 They thrive best in rocky lands, or a rich xoil having a gravelly 

 bottom. Mr. Bryan Edwards says that a single tree lias been known 

 to yield 150 Ibs. of the raw fniit, or 100 Ibs, of the dried spice ; but 

 the crop is uncertain, ami plenteous perhaps only once in five years. 

 The tree has been introduced into and flourishes in the southern parts 

 of India. 



The berries, being the valuable part of the tree, require care 

 in gathering as well as drying ; the processes for which are described 

 by Browne in his 'History of Jamaica,' p. 248. They must be picked 

 when they have arrived at full growth, but before they begin to 

 ripen ; they are dried in the sun, on raised boarded floors, and 

 frequently turned during the first and second day ; they arc then j.ut 

 into sheets, often winnowed, and exposed to the MB until sutlieirntly 

 dried, which is known by the colour and the rattling of the Be. 

 the berries. Browne says, " Such of the berries as come to full 

 maturity do, like many other seeds, lose that aromatic warmth for 

 which they are esteemed, and acquire a taste perfectly like that of 

 Juniper Berries, which renders them a very agreeable food for the 

 birds, the most industrious planters of these trees." 



The leaves and bark participle in the warm aromatic properties 

 for which the berries are celebrated, and which have received their 

 name of Allspice from their fragrant odour being thought to resemble 

 that of a mixture of cinnamon, cloves, and nutmeg. Their taste 

 being warm and aromatic makes them useful as a spice in cookery, 

 and a stimulant in medicine. 



Eiiffenia Mickelii is a Brixilisn specie*, cultivated in Martinique, 

 nheuoe it is called Cerisier de Cayenne, as it yields a small edible 

 fruit. 



