657 



EXOOENS. 



EXOGENS. 



633 



T: nutrvmvKtac. Leaves simple, alternate, without stipules, or with 

 very small one?. Flowers symmetrical. Petals equilateral. Anther 

 ver.--ui.ile. Seeds few or single. Stigmas on a long style. 



Rftizobolacece. Leaves digitate, opposite. Flowers symmetrical 

 Petals equilateral. Stigmas sessile. Seeds solitary. Embryo with an 

 enormous radicle. 



Cluiace<t. Leaves simple, opposite, without stipules. Flower 

 symmetrical. Petals equilateral. Anthers adnate, beakless. Seed 

 solitary or few. Stigmas sessile, radiating. 



Marcyraviacect. Leaves simple, alternate, without stipules 

 Flowers unsymmetrical. Petals equilateral. Anthers versatile. Seed 

 innumerable, minute. Stigmas sessile. 



Bypericactcc. Petals oblique, glandular. Seeds numerous, naked. 

 Styles long, distinct. 



Reaumuriacecs. Petals oblique, glandless. Seeds few, shaggy 

 Styles long, distinct. 



XIV. NYMPHALES. Flowers dichlamydeous. Placenta axile or 

 sutural. Stamens 00. Embryo on the outside of a very large 

 quantity of mealy albumen. A part have no albumen. 



X.'/mphaaceie Carpels united into a many -celled fruit, with dissepi 

 mental placenta;. 



Calomlacea;. Carpels distinct. Albumen copious. Torus absent. 



Nelumbiacete. Carpels distinct. Albumen 0. Torus honeycombed 

 very large. 



XV. RANALES. Flowers monodichlamydeous. Placentas sutural or 

 axile. Stamens 00. Embryo minute, inclosed in a large quantity 

 of fleshy or horny albumen. 



Maynoliacca. Carpels distinct. Stipules large, convolute. Corolla 

 imbricated. Albumen homogeneous. 



Arumacea;. Carpels distinct. Stipules 0. Corolla valvate. Albu- 

 men rumiuate. 



Dilleniacett. Carpels distinct. Stipules 0. Corolla imbricated. 

 Albumen homogeneous. Seeds arillate. 



Xanunculacea. Carpels distinct. Stipules 0. Corolla imbricated. 

 Albumen homogeneous. Seeds without an aril. 



S'lrraceniacea. Carpels consolidated. Calyx permanent. Placentae 

 axile. 



Pai>averaeea. Carpels consolidated. Calyx deciduous. Placenta; 

 usually parietal 



XVI. BKRBF.R.U.ES. Flowers monodichlamydeous. Placentae sutural, 

 parietal, or axile. Stamens definite. Embryo inclosed in a large 

 quantity of fleshy albumen. 



Droitracea. Flowers regular and symmetrical. Placenta; parietal. 

 Stamens alternate with the petals, or twice as many. 



PumaruKea. Flowers irregular and unsymmetrical. Placenta; 

 parietal. Stamens opposite the petals. 



Serberidacea. Flowers regular, symmetrical. Placenta; sutural. 

 Stamens opposite the petals. Anthers with recurved valves. 



Vitaeea. Flowers regular, symmetrical. Placenta; axile. Stamens 

 opposite the petals. Anthers opening longitudinally. 



fittotporaceee. Flowers regular, symmetrical. Placenta; axile and 

 parietal. Stamens alternate with the petals. Ovules ascending or 

 horizontal. Corolla imbricated. 



Wacac. Flowers regular, symmetrical. Placenta; axile. Stamens 

 alternate with the petals. Ovules pendulous. Corolla valvate. 



Cyrillactte. Flowers regular, symmetrical Placentae axile. Stamens 

 alternate with the petals, if equal to them in number. Ovules pen- 

 dulous. Corolla imbricated. 



XVII. ERICALES. Flowers dichlamydeous, symmetrical in the ovary. 

 Placentae axile. Stamens definite. Embryo inclosed in a large 

 quantity of fleshy albumen. Stamens occasionally adherent to 

 the corolla. 



/f'iMiriacen. Flowers polypetalous. Stamens all perfect, mon- 

 adelphou*. Anthers 2-celled, with a long membranous connective. 



J-Jfiiici-idacete. Flowers monopetalous. Stamens all perfect, free. 

 Seeds with a firm skin. Anthers 1-celled, opening longitudinally. 



Pyrolacta;. Flowers half-monopetalous. Stamen's all perfect, free. 

 Seeds with a loose skin. Embryo at the base of the albumen. 



Fi-ancoaceoc. Flowers polypetalous. Stamens half-sterile and scale- 

 like, free. Seeds with a firm skin. 



JMonotropacea;. Flowers half-monopetalous. Stamens all perfect, 

 free. Seeds with a loose skin or wing. Embryo at the apex of the 

 albumen. 



i'l-icacetf. Flowers monopetalous. Stamens all perfect, free. Seeds 

 with a firm or loose skin. Anthers 2-celled, opening by pores. 



XVIII. RUTALES. Flowers monodichlamydeous, symmetrical. Pla- 

 centa; axile. Calyx and corolla imbricated, if present. Stamens 

 definite. Embryo with little or no albumen. Occasionally 

 3 ? 



Aurantiacea. Fruit consolidated, succulent, indehiscent. Petals 

 imbricated. Stamens free, or nearly so. Leaves dotted. 



Amyridacta. Fruit consolidated, hard, dry, somewhat valvular. 

 Petals valvate. Stamens free. Leaves generally dotted. 



Cedrelacea. Fruit consolidated, capsular. Stamens deeply mou- 

 adelphoua or free. Seeds numerous, winged. 



HAT. HIST. DIV. VOL. II. 



Meliacew. Fruit consolidated, berried, or capsular. Stamens 

 deeply monadelphous. Seeds few, wingless. Leaves dotless. 



Anacardiacea. Fruit apocarpous. Ovule single, suspended by a 

 cord rising from the base of the carpel. 



Connaraeece. Fruit apocarpous. Ovules collateral, ascending, 

 orthotropal, sessile. 



Rittacea;. Fruit finally apocarpous, few-seeded, with the pericarp 

 separating in two layers. Ovules sessile, pendulous. Flowers @. 



Xanthoxylacece. Fruit finally apocarpous, 1-seeded; with the peri- 

 carp separating in two layers. Ovules sessile, pendulous. Flowers 

 S $ ? 



Ochnacece. Fruit finally apocarpous, 1-seeded, with the pericarp 

 not laminating, and a succulent conical torus. 



Simarubacece. Fruit finally apocarpous, 1-seeded, with the peri- 

 carp not laminating, and a dry inconspicuous torus. Albumen wanting. 

 Leaves alternate, without stipules. 



ZygophyllacecB. Fruit finally apocarpous, few-seeded, with the 

 pericarp not laminating, and a dry inconspicuous torus. Albumen 

 present. Leaves opposite, with stipules. 



Elatinacece. Fruit finally apocarpous, many-seeded. Flowers 

 polypetalous. 



Podostemacece. Fruit filially apocarpous, many-seeded. Flowers 

 apetalous, very imperfect. 



XIX. GERANIALES. Flowers monodichlamydeous, symmetrical. 

 Placenta; axile. Calyx imbricated. Corolla twisted. Stamens 

 definite. Embryo with little or no albumen. 



Linacete. Flowers symmetrical. Styles distinct. Carpels longer 

 than the torus. Seeds with little or no albumen. 



Chlcmacece. Flowers regular, unsymmetrical, with a permanent 

 cup-like involucre. Stamens monadelphous. Albumen abundant. 



Oxalidacece. Flowers symmetrical. Styles distinct. Carpels longer 

 than the torus. Seeds with abundant albumen. 



SaUaminacece. Flowers very irregular and unsymmetrical, without 

 an involucre. Stamens distinct. Albumen none. 



Gei-aniacece. Flowers usually symmetrical. Styles and carpels 

 combined round a long-beaked torus. 



XX. SILE.NAI.ES. Flowers monodichlamydeous. Placenta; free, cen- 

 tral. Embryo external, curved round a little mealy albumen. 

 Carpels more than one, completely combined into a compound 

 fruit. Some slightly perigynous, others <J $ . 



Caryophyllaceae. Calyx and corolla usually both present and sym- 

 metrical (4 and 4, or 5 and 6), the latter conspicuous. Ovules 

 amphitropal. Leaves opposite, without stipules. 



Illecebracece. Calyx and corolla usually both present and sym- 

 metrical (4 and 4, or 5 and 5), the latter rudimentary. Ovules 

 amphitropal. Leaves with scarious stipules. 



Portulacacece. Calyx and corolla both present and unsymmetrical 

 (2 and 5), the latter usually conspicuous. Ovules amphitropal. 

 Leaves alternate, succulent, without stipules. 



Polyyonaccie. Calyx only present, but often coloured. Ovules 

 orthotropal. Nut usually triangular. 



XXI. CHENOPODALES. Flowers monochlamydeous. Placenta; free, 

 central. Embryo external, either curved round or applied to the 

 surface of a little mealy or horny albumen. Carpels solitary, or 

 if more than one distinct. Some slightly perigyuous, others $ 9 



Nyctaginaccce. Sepals united into a long (often coloured) plaited 

 :ube which separates from its base, the latter becoming hard, and 

 ibrming a spurious pericarp. 



Phytolaccacecc. Sepals separate, flat. Stamens alternate with the 

 sepals, or 00. Carpels several (or 1). 



Amarantaceie. Sepals separate or nearly so, flat. Stamens oppo- 

 site the sepals. Anthers often 1 -celled. Ovary 1 ; often several- 

 seeded. Flowers scarious, surrounded by imbricated bracts. 



Ckenopodiacece. Sepals separate or nearly so, flat. Stamens oppo- 

 site the sepals. Anthers 2-celled. Ovary 1 ; always 1-seeded. 

 ?lowers herbaceous, naked. 



XXII. PIPERALES. Flowers achlamydeous. Embryo minute, on the 

 outside of a large quantity of mealy albumen. Occasionally 

 6" ? 



Piperacece. Carpel solitary. Ovule erect. Embryo lying in 

 ritellus. Leaves opposite or alternate, with or without stipules. 



Ckloranthacece. Carpel solitary. Ovule suspended. Embryo 

 naked. Leaves opposite, with intermediate stipules. 



Saururacece. Carpels several, distinct. Ovule erect. Embryo 

 ying in vitellus. Leaves alternate with stipules. 



Sub-Class HI. Perigynous Exogens. 



Blowers ^ or $ @ $ . Stamens growing to the side of either the 

 calyx or corolla. Ovary superior, or nearly so. 



XXIII. FICOIDALES. Flowers monodichlamydeous. Placentas central 

 or axile. Corolla, if present, polypetalous. Embryo external, and 

 curved round a small quantity of mealy albumen. 



Bagdlacea;. Petals absent. Sepals distinct. Fruit inclosed in a 

 membranous or succulent calyx. Carpel single, solitary. Seed erect. 



