1073 



OONOPLAX. 



OOUQONIA. 



ION 



u (Lutreilic). A genus with tho general contour of 

 jT, but distinguished by the form of the jaw-feet, ami above 

 all by the length of the ocular peduncles. Carapace rhomboid*! and 

 Tory wide ; the transverse diameter U 10106110101 twice as long as the 

 longitudinal diameter, and the anterior border occupies the whole 

 length of it ; stomachal region mnall and nearly quadrilateral ; bran- 

 chial regions large and nearly of the came form ; front curved down- 

 ward*, very narrow, and resembling that of Ocypode ; it only occupies 

 about the fifth of the transversal diameter of the carapace, and doe* 

 not entirely cover the basikry portion of tho ocular peduncles, which 

 are very long, slender, and terminated by a somewhat oval and very 

 small cornea. The orbits have the form of a transversal groove 

 hollowed out under the anterior border of the carapace, and directed 

 obliquely u|>; within, their inferior border is much more projecting 

 than their superior border, but below the external angle it U incom- 

 plete, so that their cavity is not closed at this point The internal 

 anienmc are lodged under the front, and their stem, of a fair length, 

 U bent transversely ; the disposition of the external antenna) is nearly 

 the same as in Gonoptajr. The cpistoine is linear, and is continued 

 with the lower orbitary border. The lmec.nl frame is wider than it is 

 long, and arched (cintrd) in front. The external jaw-feet do not meet 

 (' ne se reucontrent pas tout-a-fait ') ; their second joint is very wide, 

 and the third much less, especially anteriorly, supports at the external 

 angle of its anterior border the terminal stemlet ('tigelle terminate'). 

 The sternal plastron is nearly of the same form as in Gonoplax, but 

 much wider ; and, in the male, instead of presenting transversal 

 grooves for the lodgment of the intromissive organs, which in the 

 genus last-named come out at the base of the posterior feet, it is 

 itself perforated at a distance from the border to give a direct passage 

 to these appendages of the spermatic conduits. The disposition of 

 the feet is nearly the same as in Gonoplax. 



M. trantttriu*. Length about ten lines ; some hairs on the feet. 



It has been taken at Pondiclu'ry. (Mime-Edwards.) 



Cteutotona (De Haan). Front much wider than in Macrophihalmui, 



occupying about the third of the anterior border of the carapace, and 



a little inclined; ocular peduncles large, and of moderate length; 



orbits of the ordinary form ; buccal frame at least as wide in front as 



behind; third joint of the external jaw-feet nearly of the same 



sue as the second, and nearly square; anterior feet short in the 



two sexes. 



' '. /xracAii Carapace smooth and hairless ; hands (monus) very 



large in the male ; thighs grauulous above. Length four lines. 



It is found in the Red Sea. 



M. Milne-Edwards thinks that Ocypode (Cleutotoma) dilatala (De 



Moan, ' Fauna Japonic*,' Crust, pi. vii. tig. 3), the figure only ol 



which is published, comes very near to C. Lcachii ; and he is also ol 



opinion that the crustacean figured by M. Savigny, pi. ii. no. 2, and 



designated by U. Audouin as Macrophlhnlntui Boirii might be 



referred to this genus. M. Milne-Edwards however had not examined 



the buccal apparatus. 



fouil ttmoptacute. M. Desmarest ('Hist Nat. des Crustaccs 

 FoBtiles') enumerates the following Fossil species of the genus Gono- 

 plajt, Leach: (i. Latretllii, generally incrusted in an argillaceous 

 grayish, rather hard limestone, which does not soften in water 

 (calcaire argileux grisatre assez dur, et qui ne se delate pas dans 1'eau) 

 from the Last Indies. (1. inciia (Cancer lapidetccnt of Rumphius) 

 incrusted in a gray, calcareous, argillaceous, and sandy stone; from 

 the Indies, rather frequent Ii. r.maryinala in on argillaceous, sandy 

 calcareous stone, of a yellowish-gray ; frequent in collections, ant 

 noted as coming from tho East Indies. (j. impraia, approaching 

 very near to the other species from the East Indies in its colour ant 

 in the incrusting stone, whence M. Desmarest U much inclined to 

 think that it came from the same stratum. At the same time he 

 siys, that it should be stated that the specimen came to him from 

 the Musdum d'Histoire Naturelle in a wrapper marked ' From Mouu 

 Marius, at Rome.' O. inceria, locality not mentioned ; tho specimen 

 belonged to the Marquis de Dree. 



M. Milne-Edwards observes, that the last-mentioned species, wliicl 

 is referred by M. Desmarest to the genus ()fnopl<i.r, approaches th 

 recent species in form, and may well belong to the group ; but it 

 carapace is square instead of trapezoidal, and the lateral borders are 

 not arched. M. Mime-Edwards is further of opinion that the greate 

 |*rt of the Fossil Uonoplacidit described by M. Desmarest ought tc 

 be referred to the genus Macrv^hllialmnt rather than to Gonoplax 

 for the form of their front, and even that of the carapace in general 

 is entirely that of the ifacnqMluilmi, and differs remarkably from 

 the shape of tho same parU in Honoptaje; and he records the followin 

 species: MtKropUktUmtu LatrtiUH (Oonojdnx Latmllii, Desm,) 

 M. mrinu (t'unrrr la/iidetcttu, Humph. ; (I. incita, Desm.) ; a 

 tmnrginnt**, Desm. Of (/. impnaa M. Milne-Edwards remarks tha 

 it comes very near the preceding species, but ought not to be referred 

 to the same genus, because its carapace is nearly as long as it is^widc 

 and iu anterior feet are very short and convex (renfloes). 



OONOPLAX, a genus of Brachyurous Decapodous Cnutacea. 

 One of the species, (I. anyukUui, is found on the llntish coasts. 



The species are herbaceous plants, rarely shrubs, without milk, 

 ith simple or glandular hairs, if any are present ; leaves scattered, 

 ften lobed, without stipules, very rarely opposite ; inflorescence 

 erminal, variable ; flowers distinct, never' capitate, usually yellow, 

 lue, or pink. The calyx is usually superior, rarely inferior, equal 

 r unequal in from three to five divisions. Corolla always more or 

 ess superior, mouopetaloiis, more or leas irregular, wither^ 

 ube split at the back, and sometimes capable of being separated into 

 ve pieces. When the calyx only coheres with the base of the 

 vary, its limb 5-parted with one or two lips, tho edges of the segments 

 jeing thiuner than the middle, and folded inw.ir.ln in icstivation. 

 itamons fl, distinct, alternate with the segments of the corolla ; 

 nthcrs distinct or cohering, 2-celled, bursting longitudinally ; poll, n 

 imple or in fours; ovary 1- or 2-celled, rarely 4-celled, with detinit<- 

 vules. The fruit a 1-. 2-, or 4-celled capsule, with many solit ;.< 

 mmerous seeds attached to the axis of the dissepiment, \vl 

 usually parallel with the valvea, rarely opposite to them. The great 



. 

 OOODESI AUEJJ, Voodtniadi, a small natural order of Ezogcnou 



' 



Goodriiia otata. 



1, a front view of a corolla ; 2, the ovary with the stamen*, ctylc, and cupule 

 surrounding the stigma ; 3, the ovary with the superior calyx. 



peculiarity of this order resides in the stigma, which is seated at the 

 bottom of a cup or covering called an indusium ; unknown in 

 Bellworts or Lobeliads, to which the genera might otherwise bo 

 referred. It is of the same nature as what is found in Hninonwl - 

 and Styleworts, and is to be regarded as nothing more than a remark- 

 able exaggeration of the rim which surrounds the stigmatic surfaiv 

 of Heathworts, and of tho plates which cover the style of Cranes- 

 bills and Balsams. These plants belong to Australia and tho islands 

 of tho Southern Ocean, or only advance into India iu the form of a 

 Sctrrola. There arc 1 4 genera and 160 species. The order is allied 

 to LobclittcffF and XtyliduKctr. 



GOODYERA, a genus of Plants belonging to tho natural order 

 Orchidacetr, and the tribe Limodorca. It has a riugunt perianth ; the 

 lips entire, included, saccate at the base ; the stigma rostellated, sub- 

 cordate ; the rostellum erect, bipartite, with a large squarish 

 appendage between it< slender segments. One species of this genus, 

 H. rr/.r/i., is found in Scotland. It has a stem 6 to 8 inches high, 

 with the radical leaves ovate, stalked, reticulated, and H..- wli ..! 

 upper part of the plant covered with minute stalked glands. It is 

 found principally in fir-forests. (Rabington, Manuat.) 

 GOOSANDER. [DucKS.] 

 GOOSE. [DUCKS.] 

 <;<insi:i;Kimv. [ HIDES.] 

 GOOSE-GRASS. 

 OORAL. 

 i;ni:i: BILL. 



GORGONIA, a genus of Animals belonging to tin 1 r-l, r 

 /'o/v/fi/ero, and tho type of tho famil; '". It Ii 



following generic characters: Polype-mass rooted, arborrw.-nt, con 

 sisting of a central axis backed with a polypiferous crust ; the axis 

 horny, continuous, and flexible, branched in co-equality with tho 

 polype-mam; the crust when recent soft and fleshy, when dried 

 porous and friable ; the orifices of the polype-cells more or less 

 protul>crant Tho species of On jomta tlm- .1. im. .| are not ninn 

 Dr. Johnston enumerates four species as being found on the I 

 coasts. 



.rucoia, the Warted Sea-Fan, is somewhat fan-shaped, much 

 and irregularly branched, the branches cylindrical, nexiioun, backed 

 when dry with a white warted crust; segments of tho cells unequal. 



