1097 



GRAPSID.E. 



GKAPSIDyE. 



100S1 



the male extending quite to the base of the posterior feet, and its 

 wind joint linear. The species are fouud.in the Asiatic seas. 



P. penciliyer (Cancer setosus ('<), Fabricius; Grapius pcncilliger, 

 Latreille). The feet are rounded and furnished with a thick-set 

 down. Length, rather more than an inch. Locality, seas of Asia. 



_ , ' i ; urupstitf ruutx, auu mat it is prooaoiy ine species n^ureu Dy Me 



latness of the body, and present the following characters :-- Quoy and Qaimard under the name of the Painted Grapsus. (' Vo 



er surface of the carapace always nearly horizontal and nearly de jj Freycinet ' pi. 76 fig 2 ) 



; its anterior border rarely occupies its whole width, but the 



ice is not considerable, and in general its posterior part is not *> Third joint of the external jaw-feet as wide as it is long, 



Pteudograpsus pencilliger. 



Graptus (Lamai-ck, in part). M. Milne-Edwards retains in this 

 genus those species which are, for the most part, remarkable for the 

 extreme flatness of the body, and present the following characters : 



Upper 

 square 

 difference 



narrowed the lateral borders are delicate, and ordinarily a little 

 curved. Stomachal region very large, and branchial regions very 

 extended, and nearly always marked with salient oblique lines. Front 

 very wide, and inclined or even completely bent down ; the upper 

 part, in general, divided into four lobes, which often become very 

 projecting. Orbits deep, and their inferior border at least as salient 

 as the superior border, but the external extremity does not open into 

 a horizontal gutter situated under the lateral border of the carapace, 

 as in Sesarma, and presents one or two small notches at most ; the 



A. Species having the third joint of the external jaw-feet longer 

 than it is wide, and without any remarkable dilatation towards 

 the external angle. 



G. pictus (Pagtuiu maculattts, Catesby ; Cangrejo de Arrecife, Parra ; 

 Cancer tenuicristatus, Herbst; Cancer grapsus, Fabricius; Grajtsua 

 pictus, Latreille). Length, rather more thau 2 inches. Colour red, 

 with irregular yellow stains. Locality, the Antilles. 



Catesby gives the following account of the habits of this species 



under the name of Payurus maculatus, the Red-Mottled Crab : 



" These crabs inhabit the rocks hanging over the sea ; they are the 

 nimblest of all other crabs ; they run with surprising agility along 

 the upright side of a rock, and even under rocks that hang horizon- 

 tally over the sea; this they are often necessitated to do for escaping 

 the assaults of rapacious birds which pursue them. These crabs, so 

 far as I could observe, never go to land, but frequent mostly those 

 parts of the promontories and islands of rocks in and near the sea, 

 where, by the continual and violent agitation of the waves against 

 the rocks, they are always wet, continually receiving the spray of the 

 sea, which often washes them into it ; but they instantly return to 

 the rock again, not being able to live under water, and yet requiring 

 more of that element thau any of the crustaceous kinds that are 

 not fish." 



M. Milne-Edwards remarks that Messrs. Quoy and Gaimard brought 

 from the Sandwich Islands a Grapsus which bears a strong analogy 

 to Grapsui pictus, but which, it appears to him, ought to be dis- 

 tinguished from it, on account of the great number of little conical 

 hairs disposed in small transversal ranks on the branchial and 

 stomachal regions, the greater extent of the front, and some other 

 characters ; but as he had not examined more thau one individual in 

 a bad state of preservation, and as Grapsua pictus presents consider- 

 able individual differences, he cannot pronounce on the distinction 

 decidedly, but notes the fact on account of its interest in regard of 

 zoological geography. He observes that in the collection of the 

 Paris Museum he has designated this crustacean under the name of 

 Grapsus rudis, and that it is probably the species figured by Messrs. 



Voyage 



u , and 

 dilated outwards towards the anterior angle. 



G. varius (Cancre Madre (?), Rondelet; Cancer marmoratus, Fabri- 

 cius; Grapsus varius, Latreille). Length about 18 lines. Colour 

 violaceous-red, variegated with small irregular yellowish stains. 

 Locality, the rocky parts of the coasts of Bretagne, Italy, &c. (very 

 common). - 



Nautiloyrapsus (M. Edwards). Differing but little from Grapsus. 

 Carapace, instead of being wider than it is long and nearly flat, as in 

 Grapsus, longer than it is large, and convex above. Regions no 



tooth which elevates itself from their lower wall, beneath the articu- I distinct. Front advanced, lamellar, and simply inclined. Lateral 

 lation of the eye, is in general very strong. Disposition of the I borders curved and long. Internal border of the second joint of the 

 antenna; nearly the same as in the preceding genus, except that the | jaw-feet nearly straight, and the third joint even longer than in 

 autennary pits are in general less wide, and separated by'a narrow , Grapsus varius, but nearly of the same form. Feet much shorter 

 space between them. External jaw-feet strongly notched within, so thau in Grapsus. The intromissive organs of the male traverse a 

 as to leave between them a large vacant lozenge-shaped space ; their simple notch of the border of the sternal plastron. For the rest 

 third joint is trapezoidal, and resembling the Grapsi of the 



terminates, anteriorly by a .* .^ second division. 



straight and very 'wide border; _ >WJf| feOt'Vv ,r***~. The single species known is 



it is in general nearly of the ^*S*jJBhw ejfw -vv^K j^JBBP^ 5 found in all latitudes and met 



length of the second joint, and ^SKN. atv'f? ~^'~- ""''M S&mm? with far at sea, often floating 



carries the succeeding joint at ^^^^^\ \$K<7 ) A ,-21$w M^^^ ou ^ucus natans, or on large 



its external angle, but it is ^JyJ\ jyvS'^L fMMMri ^BmH^ AtsiP marine animals. 



sometimes very short, strongly !* - ' '^^tSl^^mmf^^^^^^^^ 7 ^-^ N. minutus (Cancellus niari- 



dilated on the external side, >^^F J^^M^O?ii:f&9^wS^iipi^fck. " "' s ' '/"'"'''"'""> Sloane ; Turtle- 



and gives insertion to the >^5r><i ^SlM^^^m^^Syf'^9X^S^^^' ::< J^mm. Crab, Browne; Cancer minutus, 



fourth joint towards the middle Jjff ^ JiSSsF^^^B^K FJ^"^' Jr^ iBW Fabricius; Grapsus minutus, 



of its anterior border. Ptery- J^S()ffir"'-^*^^SH ^S^sS!&-"^^S^' "'** '"^*8ilN\ Latreille ; Grapsus cinereus, 



goiitomian regions smooth, or ^tJf^Hk. "*^*?%5iBvl*2P?SSME5t JvTm^t. ^ a ^ ' *^ ra P se Uiiie, Lamarck 



never presenting the disposition W I'm ^.StSS. <^^S?f*^ l\ mM * " ' mes > varying much in 



o remarkable in Sesarma. Feet Mm j&'> Sa^C^JS^^j ' '\'A^^ KM V c l ur ' M. Milne-Edwards says 



of the -first pair short, the arm ifaf JfS '""'C'l^r^^^^^^^ """'jjJniFjt W\ that he sees no sufficient reason 



enlarged and spiny within, xlf Ifm Km il^L ^ or distinguishing this species 



Lands short but rather stout j^w' mx. ^w . from Grapsus tcstudinuDi, 



feet remarkably flattened; their H?j Jjf T|&^ IfB Ptarjusia (Latreille). Re 

 third joint entirely lamellar iff ^I|L Mf sembling Grapsus generally, but 

 below in its external moiety, ^ 4 MM ' distinguished at once by a sin- 

 its superior border delicate and gular disposition of the internal 

 elevated, and the tarsus large '*' antennae not met with in any 

 and very spiny. Second pair of Oraptui pictus. other brachyurous decapod, 

 feet much shorter than the according to M. Milne-Edwards. 

 third, which, in their turn, are in general much shorter than the These organs, instead of being bent back under the front, are 

 penultimate feet. Abdomenof the male triangular; that of the female each lodged in a deep notch in this part,_so as always to be 



very wide, its last joint large, and not inclosed in a notch of the 

 preceding joint, as in Sesarma. 



Graprtu, as above modified, is spread over nearly all parts of the 

 world. The known species generally inhabit rocky coasts, and run 

 with great rapidity. 



uncovered superiorly. Carapace broad and flattened, its anterior 

 border occupying only one-half of its width, which is most extended 

 towards the level of the last pair of feet but one. Portion of the 

 front between the antennary pits triangular and curved downwards. 

 Eyes short and large; orbits directed forwards and upwards, and 



