1117 



GUAVA. 



GUENONS. 



1118 



of this manure seems to arise from the fact that it is produced by 

 animals in which the excretions of both the kidneys and intestines are 

 mixed together, and thus contains a large variety of those matters 

 which nre necessary to the existence of plants on which man 

 feeds. The following analysis from Liebig's ' Chemistry in its Appli- 

 cation to Agriculture and Physiology,' will give an idea of its ultimate 

 constituents : 



100-000 



GUAVA. [PsiDiUM.] 



GUDGEON. [GoBio.] 



GUELDEIi-ROSE. [VIBURNUM.] 



GUENONS, the French name for a group of Monkeys belonging to 

 the ancient continent and its islands, the type of which may be consi- 

 dered to be the Green Monkey (Cercocebus sabieua, Geoff.). 



Teeth or Gaenons, one-fourth larger than nature. (F. Cuvier.) 



Cuvier in the first edition of his 'Regne Animal,' makes the 

 Quw^Cercopithecu, of Erxleben in part), ^^f^XF 

 the Chimpanzee and the Baboon ( P "P^' n cm , sls \ ol ^!^ 

 species -.-Simla Enldht,, Dufr. ; S. rubi-a, Gmel. ; 6. ^tlnops, Linn 

 X fuliginota, Geoff. ; S. Maura, Linn. (Gmel. T) ; &***, Lnm 

 Painut, Gmel. ; the Mono. (S. Mona and S. monacha, fechr.) ; 6. Diana 



inn. ; S. Cephui, Linn. ; S. Petawrista, Gmel. ; S. nictitam, Gmel. ; 

 . Nasica, Schr. (the Proboscis Monkey, or Kahau) ; and S. nemceus, 

 inn. (Gmel. ?). 



In his last edition of the same work he makes the group consist of 

 . rubra, S, jEthiops, S. fitliyinosa, S. sabcea, S. JFaunus, S'. ctijthrO' 

 jyga, & inelarhina, the Mona, S. Diana, S. Petaurista, and S. 

 lictitans, and he places these Guenons between the Gibbons (Hylo- 

 atcs, Illig.) and the Semnopitheci. M. F. Cuvier, in his ' Histoire 

 des Marnmifcres," had expressed his doubts of the propriety of placing 

 ;he Entellus Monkey among the Guenons, and in his work ' Des 

 3ents des Mammiferes" (1825) had separated the Semnopitheci from 

 ;hem. 



Mr. Swaineon ('Classification of Quadrupeds,' 1835) excludes Man 

 Tom the zoological circle, and makes the Quadrumana, Four-Handed 

 Quadrupeds, the first order of the class Mammalia. Of this order the 

 Simiadce, Ape-Monkeys, form, according to him, the first family, which 

 consist of 1, " Simia (Linn.), Oran-Outang," = Simia, Troglodytes, 

 Hylobates, Presbytes, Pithecus ; 2, " Cercopithecus, Pouched Monkeys," 

 = Lasiopygct, Hemnopithecus, Colobus, Cercopithecus, Cercocebus, Na- 

 salis. The other genera are Innuus, Macacus, and Papio. In the 

 table of 'Typical analogical Characters,' Cercopithecus is placed 

 opposite to Ferce. 



For Mr. Ogilby's arrangement, see CHEIHOPODA. 



In this article we shall confiue ourselves to M. F. Cuvier's second 

 division of the true Guenons. 



Dental formula : Incisors, _ ; canines, ^- ; molars, -IZ_ = 32. 

 4 11 55 



The true Guenons comprise the genera Cercopitltecus and Cercocebus 

 of Geoffrey. Nearly similar in manners and in their dentition, parti- 

 cularly with regard to their canine teeth, these genera appear to be 

 naturally allied to each other, though the facial angle and more 

 elongated muzzle, the large cheek-pouches, and shorter tail of the 

 second sub-division (Cercocebus) seem to lead gradually to the baboons. 



Cercopithecus. Nearly allied to Semnopithecus * [SEMNOPITHECUS] in 

 form and manners, but differing from both Semnopit/iecus and Cerco- 

 cebus not only in the development of the dentition, but in the size of 

 the facial angle, which ranges from 50 to 55, iu the flat nose, in the 

 rounded head, and long posterior extremities. 



C. Mona, the Varied Monkey of Pennant, Le Singe Varid of Brisson, 

 La Mone and Gueuon Mone of Buffou and the more modern French 

 zoologists. 



Varied Monkey (Cercopithecus Muna). F. Cuvier. 



Buffon is of opinion that this species is the Krjflos of Aristotle, on 

 what ground it is difficult to imagine, for Aristotle only says 'EOT! 

 5' & likv KTiPos, iri'flr)Kos cx<av otipdv" the Cebus is a Pithecm (or Ape) 

 having a tail." (' Hist.' lib. ii. c. 8.) Pennant indeed gives ' Krjfl 



. . . 



(with an interrogation) among the synonyms of the Varied Monkey ; 

 but in his text he shows that he was aware upon what slender data 

 Buffon assumed its identity with the Kijflos of the Greeks. Buffon 

 refers also to Ludolfs curious account ('History of Ethiopia 1 ) as 



English by t 



and down in the mountains themselves, a thousand and more toge- 

 ther ; there they leave no stone unturn'd. If they meet with one 

 that two or three cannot lift they call for more ayd, and all for the 

 sake of the worms that lye under ; a sort of dyet which they relish 

 exceedingly. They are very greedy after emmets. So that having 

 found an emmet-hill, they presently surround it, and laying their fore 

 Fossil remains of Semnopithecia Entelha, th e Entellus Monkey, have been 

 found in India. 



