1 8 NATURE 'STUDY BY GRADES 



Materials, Apparatus, Pictures, etc. Field lessons and ex- 

 cursions consume much time, however, and do not afford a 

 means of illustrating all the principles of science which interest 

 children. A few pieces of apparatus and some simple ma- 

 terials kept in the schoolroom will aid the teacher much in 

 nature work. The following articles are inexpensive and 

 will be found very useful : 



Thermometer Florence Flask Prism 



Barometer Kerosene Lamp Magnet 



Several Lenses Alcohol Lamp Beakers 



Hand Microscope Glass Tubing Bottles 



Corks, various sizes Rubber Tubing Pinchers 



Also, half a dozen | in. test tubes; a simple magnetic compass; spring 

 balance, or other means of weighing; some of the simple reagents; one 

 ounce each of muriatic, nitric, and sulphuric acid, and of ammonia ; and 

 one pint of alcohol. 



The teacher's ingenuity often will be called upon to con- 

 struct suitable pieces of apparatus as needed. A few of 

 the latter are suggested in the text. 



If requested, the pupils will bring many useful things 

 from their homes, while field lessons and excursions will 

 soon produce a valuable and useful cabinet of specimens. 

 Insect specimens are easily obtained and preserved : some 

 of the smaller forms of animal life may be kept in alcohol, 

 while a limited number of birds and larger animals prop- 

 erly mounted may be procured for a few dollars. These are 

 all very useful for comparison and illustration throughout 

 the course and should be found in the school cabinet. 



The study of things should precede and lead up to the 

 study of books; the connecting link between them is good 

 pictures. In giving the child correct images of the various 



