64 NATURE STUDY Y GRADES 



and the purpose of each, e.g. sand; lime; stone; brick; 

 lumber; laths; nails; shingles; glass; paint; tin; sheet iron, 

 etc. 



Call attention to the manner in which all these things are 

 put together to make a house. In laying stone and brick, 

 why do they "break the joints"? Why do they "tie" the 

 different tiers of brick together? Why is the flooring 

 " tongued and grooved" ? How are the shingles laid? How 

 much of each one is exposed to the weather ? Why do they 

 break joints in laying shingles, also? Why are such great 

 cracks left between the laths? How does the mortar hang 

 on to the walls? 



If the house is near the school, several visits to it should be 

 made and the different processes followed through their vari- 

 ous stages. 



Teach the pupils the names of the different parts of a 

 house, as: foundation; walls; floor; roof; joists; rafters; 

 studding; sheathing; sills; lintels; casings; doors; windows, 

 etc., and the use of each. 



A small house of logs, or adobe, or lumber may be made, 

 patterned after the one observed. 



FIRST GRADE SPRING WORK 

 LESSON XXXVI 



ANIMAL HOUSES 



Let the pupils find homes of various animals. Get a bird's 

 nest ; - study its structure. Of what is it made ? Where does 

 the bird get the material used ? How does it build so neat a 



