SECOND GRADE FALL WORK 91 



ence in distance. How are they supplied with water? 

 How should they be kept trimmed? What annoyance 

 occurs if the lower limbs are allowed to grow? If trees 

 grow too high, what fate sometimes befalls them? 



The pupils should learn to recognize the twigs and leaves 

 of as many kinds of shade trees as the teacher can procure. 



LESSON XIV 

 FRUIT TREES 



Which trees are the most useful to man? Name all the 

 fruit trees with which you are acquainted. Make a list 

 upon the blackboard. Take the class to visit a near-by 

 orchard. Learn to recognize the different kinds of fruit 

 trees and different varieties of each kind. Note the leaves, 

 their shape, color, number, arrangement, etc. ; the branches, 

 bark, trunk, etc., and the peculiarities of each. See if any 

 insects are preying upon any of them or their fruit. 



Make a list of fifty trees for a family orchard. Give 

 reason for kinds chosen. Which would require to be planted 

 widest apart? Which require less space? Apple trees 

 need to be planted about twenty-five feet apart, while pears 

 and plums will do well a rod apart. What determines this 

 distance? 



Which fruits come early? Which come late? Which 

 will keep all winter? Discuss varieties of apples; of pears; 

 of cherries, etc., from samples. 



How are trees raised? Visit a nursery, if possible, and 

 let the pupils see how the seeds, or pits, are planted close 

 together in long rows. When they sprout and begin to 

 grow, they are usually "budded" in August of the second 



