LEAF-ROLLING CATERPILLARS. 319 



up goes the gaff a little higher. In this way, by repeated 

 bowsings, the gaff is coaxed, so to speak, up the mast, and 

 forced into its place. 



Some of the leaf-rolling caterpillars act in a similar manner, 

 by alternately bowsing and shortening their lines. As, how- 

 ever, their mode of working will be described under another 

 heading, we will say no more of them at present. 



