BELOOOHISTAN. 



BOSIO, ASTYANAX S. 



trade with India was completely at a standstill. 

 The Indian Government now resolved to send 

 off a commissioner to establish peace, and se- 

 cure safe escorts for caravans. The commis- 

 sioner, Major Sandeinan, left British territory 

 in December, and was received with great at- 

 tentions by the Khan. The latter also promised 

 safe escorts for the caravans from India, and 

 showed himself inclined to treat with the reb- 

 els. But the murder of his chief opponents 

 had irritated the people against him to such a 

 degree that the British commissioner saw but 

 little prospect of bringing about the desired 

 result. In the mean while the commissioner 

 of Sinde, Sir William Merewether, was ordered 

 to proceed to the border, that he might be 

 nearer to the scene of action. He accord- 

 ingly made his headquarters in the border 

 fortress of Jacobabad, whose garrison, con- 

 sisting in part of 1,410 men, was considerably 

 increased." 



Major Sandeman, with his escort of 1,000 

 men, met the Khan and his rebellious chiefs at 

 Mastung, and succeeded in bringing about a 

 psace. In August the Khan signed a treaty, 

 the principal provision of which is the security 

 of the Bolan Pass. The Sirdar Alladina Kurd 

 is intrusted with guarding the pass and keep- 

 ing it open. For this he receives from the 

 Indian Government 1,000 rupees per month. 

 The Khan is to receive a certain sum for every 

 camel that crosses the pass, while the tribes 

 living in the pass are also to receive a certain 

 sum. These dues are to be collected by a per- 

 son to be appointed by the Indian Government. 

 Emil Schlagintweit speaks as follows of the 

 results of Major Sandeman's mission (Augsburg 

 Gazette, No. 284) : " After a stay of five months 

 at the most important point of the Bolan 

 Pass, the English expedition, consisting of five 

 companies of infantry, 350 cavalry, and two 

 mountain-cannon, returned from Kelat, whith- 

 er it had been sent by the Indian Government, 

 under the command of Major Sandeman, in 

 order to give the necessary force to the propo- 

 sitions of this officer. Without firing a shot 

 Sandeman succeeded in reconciling the dif- 

 ferent tribes which had been at war with each 

 other for several years, and to bring them 

 back under the sovereignty of the Khan of 

 Kelat. This military promenade forms a turn- 

 ing-point in the British policy. For years the 

 officers on the border had recommended this 

 step, but it had been considered impossible for 

 armed men to cross the border without being 

 attacked, and being involved in a new war 

 with tribes of Beloochistan and Afghanistan, 

 which could only end with the further exten- 

 sion of British rule over an unfertile country, 

 with a population decidedly reduced in wealth 

 and intellectual qualities. Instead of these 

 consequences ensuing, the troops were wel- 

 comed everywhere as peace-makers. With- 

 out any great exertion England has gained 

 considerable renown among these border 

 tribes." 



A second expedition set out in October for 

 Kelat from Simla, the residence of the Viceroy, 

 bearing dispatches for the Khan. The object 

 of this mission was to prepare the Khan for 

 the visit of the Viceroy, who expected to make 

 a trip through Sinde, and wished to have a 

 meeting with the Khan. 



BERTRAM), FELIX, a Senator of France, 

 born in 1808 ; died May 27, 1876. After hold- 

 ing different offices in the tribunals of Saint- 

 Flour, and Ambert, and in the courts of appeal 

 of Riom, Grenoble, and Bastia, he succeeded, 

 in 1858, his uncle, as president of the Tribunal 

 of Saint-Flour, his native town. He resigned 

 this position a short time before the senatorial 

 elections of 1876, in order to be eligible as 

 senator, and was elected conjointly with M. 

 Parieu from the department of Oantal. He 

 called himself a liberal conservative. 



BLAIR, FEANCIS PRESTON, an American 

 journalist, born at Abingdon, Washington 

 County, Va., April 12, 1791 ; died at Silver 

 Springs, Md., October 18, 1876. He was edu- 

 cated at Transylvania University, Kentucky, 

 and studied law, but never entered upon the 

 practice. He early took part in politics, and in 

 1824 supported Henry Clay for the presidency, 

 but dissented from his views, especially in re- 

 lation to the United States Bank. When in 

 1829 the nullification movement was developed 

 in South Carolina, Mr. Blair published an arti- 

 cle against it in a Kentucky newspaper, which 

 attracted the attention of General Jackson, who 

 invited the writer to become the editor of the 

 Globe, a Democratic journal about to be estab- 

 lished in Washington. The journal was com- 

 menced in November, 1830, and became the 

 organ of the successive Democratic administra- 

 tions, Mr. Blair retaining the control of it till 

 1845, when President Polk thought it necessary 

 for the harmony of the party that the organ 

 should be placed in other hands, offering Mr. 

 Blair the position of minister to Spain, which 

 was declined. He then retired to his estate of 

 Silver Springs, Montgomery County, Md. In 

 1848 he withdrew from the regular Demo- 

 cratic party, and supported Mr. Van Buren for 

 the presidency. After the repeal of the Mis- 

 souri Compromise he took an active part in the 

 organization of the Republican party. He was 

 the father of Montgomery and of the late Gen- 

 eral Francis P. Blair, Jr. 



BOSIO, ASTYANAX SOEVOLA, a French sculp- 

 tor, born about 1798 ; died July 5, 1876. He 

 was a son of Jean Bosio, a well-known his- 

 torical painter, and a pupil of the celebrated 

 sculptor Baron Bosio, his uncle. His first 

 works were exhibited in 1831, and at once 

 gained for him considerable celebrity. Among 

 his best-known works are a bust of Admiral 

 Bougainville (1831), a young huntress nursing 

 her wounded dog (1835), a statue of Flora 

 (1840), and a large number of busts and bass- 

 reliefs. He obtained a second medal in 1838, 

 and the decoration of the Legion of Honor in 

 1857. 



