i:\IIIBITION, CENTENNIAL. 



275 



broiderer, of American device, for about a 

 dozen special patterns ; a machine with two 

 no dies, capable of sewing or embroidering 

 with different colored threads at the same 

 time; and the machines which sew from spools 

 directly, without requiring the thread to be 

 reeled off. Ingenious knitting-machines were 

 also exhibited. There was likewise a curious 

 machine for engraving patterns for lace and 



MACHINERY HALL. 



embroidery. In the Singer exhibit, which was 

 contained in a separate building, the wax- 

 thread lock-stitch, button-hole, and-book-bind- 

 ers' machines, and one capable of making 30,000 

 different kinds of stitches, were among the nov- 

 elties shown. Among the interesting manu- 

 facturing processes was that of paper-making, 

 the operation by the mechanical method being 

 shown in all its successive stages. The process 

 of making rubber shoes was also exhibited. 

 Most interesting too was the exhibition of 

 watch - making by the Waltham Company. 

 Numerous weaving processes were exhibited ; 

 several power-looms were kept at work weav- 

 ing carpets, ingrain and Brussels ; the opera- 

 tions of cloth, cotton, and silk mills were also 

 illustrated by several different exhibitors ; and 

 a Jacquard loom, a corset-weaving loom, a 

 jute loom, a Murkland carpet-loom, a suspend- 

 er-weaving loom, and theLyall positive-motion 

 loom, were seen in operation. Other mech- 

 anisms used in texile industries were : the 

 powerful and huge direct-acting steam and 

 hydraulic cotton-press from the Taylor works 

 of Charleston, which works without pumps, 

 and has but a single valve; apparatus for mak- 

 ing and winding spool-cotton, exhibited by the 

 Willimantic and Hopedale Companies ; the ma- 

 chines for winding machine twist and spool- 

 silk find labeling spools ; a variety of wool- 

 carding machines ; the Garnett machine, which 

 works over the waste of woolen-mills; ma- 

 chines for drying dyed goods; the silk-thread 

 spinning-machines from Paterson, N. J., and 

 other interesting processes. A New Haven 

 company showed a machine for putting pins 

 into the papers. The exhibition of printing- 

 machinery was an important and interesting 

 group, embracing the prreat Bullock presses 

 which printed off the New York Herald and 

 Sun in the building at the rate of 20.000 im- 

 pressions per hour; the improved Hoe press, 

 which was working on illustrated work; the 



six-roller stop-cylinder, roller-dram, and per- 

 fecting presses exhibited by Cottrell & uab- 

 cock, of New York, with 0. E. Johnson's auto- 

 matic paper-feeder ; and the various kinds of 

 amateur hand-presses. A curiosity in this dis- 

 play, which was much larger than that at 

 Vienna, was the original press used by Benja- 

 min Franklin. M. Alisoff, a Russian inventor, 

 exhibited an admirable type-writer, which ex- 

 cels all other contrivances of its kind, in 

 the variety of characters that can be used 

 and in the neatness of the impression, 

 and the mechanical adjustment, but does 

 not admit of the rapidity of the American 

 machines exhibited. The same inventor 

 exhibited a rapid and ready process for 

 photo-lithographing music. The process 

 of setting up music-types was shown in 

 the American department. A variety of 

 American machines for paper - cutting, 

 book-binding, copperplate printing, lith- 

 ographic printing, elect-retyping and 

 stereotyping, and type - founding, was 

 shown. Howell & Brothers, of Philadelphia, 

 exhibited a large machine for stamping paper- 

 hangings. Other manufacturing processes il- 

 lustrated were those of cracker and candy 

 making by machinery ; of envelope-making 

 by an automatic machine, which cuts, folds, 

 and counts the envelopes at the rate of 120 

 per minute; of envelope -printing, of glass 

 cutting and engraving, of making paper collars 

 and of drying the stock by machinery, of brick- 

 making by a machine which turns out ready for 

 baking 40,000 per diem, of paper-box making 

 by machinery, of cork-cutting, of cutting tacks 

 with the Weaver machines, which make 400 

 tacks per minute, and can produce 2,500 differ- 

 ent sorts; of nail-cutting by an entirely auto- 

 matic machine, etc. A gang of Virginian ne- 

 groes showed the old-fashioned process of work- 

 ing up tobacco for the market. There were 

 butchers', bakers', and millers' machines; coffee 

 and spice grinding machines; French burr-mill- 

 stones and meat-cleaning machines ; washing, 

 wringing, and mangling machines for hand and 

 steam power ; a ditching and draining machine 

 for horse or steam power, exhibited by Ran- 

 dolph Brothers, of New Jersey, by which a pair 

 of horses cnn be made to do the work of forty 

 men; machines for charging soda-fountains; a 

 planing machine exhibited by W. Sellers & Co., 

 of Philadelphia, of 81 tuns' weight ; a novel saw 

 for cutting stone, with teeth formed of pieces 

 of coal, sent from Pittsburg; an arrangement 

 for separating particles of iron-ore occurring 

 in gravel-banks; two kinds of machines for 

 cutting through several folds of cloth for cloth- 

 ing-manufactories ; a great variety of machin- 

 ists' tools, of saws, grindstones, files, nuts, 

 bolts, screws, metal presses, and dies ; piano- 

 making machinery exhibited by the Steinways; 

 a varied display of scales and balances ; machine 

 for bending heavy beams for ships' keels, sent 

 by J. W. Griffiths, of New York ; flax-seed chas- 

 ing-mills ; coal-breaking machines ; and a col- 



