273 



EXHIBITION, CENTENNIAL. 



dian-Offioe made an interesting exhibit of In- 

 dian curiosities, and of the Indian policy of the 

 Government. There were also exhibits of the 

 Education-Office, the Census-Office, and the Ge- 

 ological and Geographical Survey of the Terri- 

 tories. The Smithsonian Institution exhibited a 

 very extensive and complete collection to illus- 

 trate the animal resources of the United States. 

 Besides a comprehensive display of the land 

 and water fauna, there was also a full collec- 

 tion of hunting and fishing implements, includ- 

 ing those used by the Indians, and a very in- 

 teresting chronological exhibit of fire-arms. 

 The modes of utilizing animals for food and 

 other purposes were also exhibited. Supple- 

 mentary to this exhibit was the collection to 

 illustrate the fishery resources of the United 

 States, comprising casts of all the inhabitants 

 of American waters, angling tackle of every 

 description, fishing-boats, whaling-implements, 

 etc. There were other collections to illustrate 

 the ethnology and the mineral resources of the 

 United States. The Treasury Department ex- 

 hibited the workings of the revenue system, 

 the processes of engraving and printing paper 

 currency, etc. The Coast Survey had an ex- 

 hibit. The Lighthouse Board exhibited speci- 

 mens of the different lights and methods of 

 tending them, including a wonderfully brilliant 

 rotary lantern, stationary parabolic reflectors, 

 floating lamps, etc. The Navy Department 

 made an extensive exhibit, embracing the ord- 

 nance used in the service, with the means of 

 handling, inspecting, and repairing the differ- 

 ent kinds of torpedoes, the publications of this 

 branch of the service, and an historical display 

 of the uniforms of the navy ; besides two ma- 

 rine engines, one of 800-horse power, a com- 

 pound screw-engine, and aback-acting conden- 

 sing engine of 500-horse power. The Navigation 

 Branch exhibited specimens of flags and bunt- 

 ing, different kinds of logs, and sounding and 

 signaling apparatus, mathematical instruments, 

 etc. The Naval Observatory made an exhibit 

 of its operations and the instruments employed, 

 and of a collection of relics of the different 

 arctic expeditions. The Hydrographic and 

 Nautical Almanac Offices exhibited charts and 

 documents. The Yard and Dock Branch ex- 

 hibited plans of all the navy -yards, machinery, 

 buildings, etc. The Equipment and Recruit- 

 ing, Construction and Repair, Medical and 

 Surgical, and Pay. Provision, and Clothing 

 Branches also exhibited their methods and 

 equipments. The exhibit of the "War Depart- 

 in ent was also extensive, illustrating every 

 branch of the service. The Signal Service ex- 

 hibited all its appliances in operation, a weath- 

 er-station fully equipped, with a full corps of ob- 

 servers, and recording, telegraphic, and print- 

 ing apparatus. The self-acting electric barome- 

 ter or barograph, Hough's thermograph, the 

 marine barometer, Eccard's evapograph, Gib- 

 bon's electrical rain and snow gauge, Eccard's 

 rain-gauge, and Gibbon's anemograph, and the 

 military signal apparatus, formed a collection 



which reflected great credit upon American in-' 

 genuity. The Engineer Corps displayed all the 

 methods and apparatus used in harbor improve- 

 ments, and the engineering operations con- 

 nected with the military service, with all the 

 mechanical apparatus employed. There was 

 also a full display of military ordnance, with an 

 historical collection of weapons, and plans of 

 forts and arsenals, models illustrating the man- 

 ufacture of arms, and all the belongings of the 

 service. Separate buildings connected with 

 the Government display were the ordnance 

 laboratory, showing the manufacture of car- 

 tridges and dangerous explosive ammunition ; 

 a post hospital with all its furniture and chi- 

 rurgical instruments and medical supplies ; the 

 building containing a siren or fog signal-horn ; 

 and a model of a lighthouse with lamps and 

 fog-bell complete. 



HORTICULTURAL HALL. 



The Horticultural Hall, built of iron and 

 glass, in the Moorish style of the twelfth cen- 

 tury, was erected at the cost of the city, and 

 designed to remain permanently. It is 383 

 feet long by 193 feet wide, with an altitude in 

 its central part of 72 feet. It overlooks the 

 Schuylkill River, and is approached by orna- 

 mental terraces and broad stairways. The 

 central lantern is 170 feet long. Side-por- 

 tions, with curved glazed roofs, were used as 

 forcing-houses. The central portion was filled 

 with splendid specimens of tropical vegeta- 

 tion, with sago, date, and cocoa palms, orange 

 and lemon trees, the fan-palm, the guava, cam- 

 phor and India-rubber trees, the eucalyptus of 

 antiseptic properties, the mahogany-tree, ba- 

 nanas, and all varieties of the cactus. In the 

 side-portions were an immense collection of 

 tree-ferns, rare flowering plants from Eng- 

 land, azalias from Belgium, pitcher-plants of 

 the South Sea Islands, the flamingo-plant, etc. 

 Around the Horticultural Building about 25 

 acres were laid out in beds and terraces, and 

 planted with all kinds of hardy flowering 

 plants, indigenous and foreign. The Pacific 

 Guano Company, of Boston, exhibited the ex- 

 traordinary properties of their fertilizer in a 

 luxuriant plantation. One of the finest feat- 

 ures of the horticultural display was the col- 

 lection of rhododendrons from the Knapp Hill 

 Nurseries, in England. All kinds of garden- 

 ers' tools, and the different methods of culture 

 and styles of landscape-gardening, were in- 

 cluded in the horticultural exhibition. 



