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HAEVEY, GEOEGE. 



HAYES, KUTHEEFORD B. 



to found the colony of South Australia, which 

 project did not receive the sanction of Parlia- 

 ment until 1834. Owing to the delay in the 

 establishment of the colony, he was not 

 among the first to settle there, as he had in- 

 tended. In 1838 he accompanied Lord Dur- 

 ham to Canada, as assistant commissioner of 

 inquiry into, crown-lands and immigration; 

 went from there to New Zealand, and finally 

 settled in South Australia in 1846. In 1850 he 

 was appointed Advocate-General, and in 1856 

 Attorney-General, which office he was forced 

 to resign in 1859, upon the election of a new 

 Legislature. In 1861 he was appointed Chief- 

 Justice, upon the retirement of Sir Charles 

 Cooper, which office he held up to his death. 

 He was the author of " Jesus of History," and 

 of a series of papers on " Law and Nature." 



HAEVEY, Sir GEORGE, a British painter, 

 born in 1805 ; died January 23, 1876. He dis- 

 played a taste for drawing at a very early 

 period of his life, but having been apprenticed 

 to a bookseller, he enjoyed but limited oppor- 

 tunities for cultivating his talent. From the 

 year 1823 to 1825 he studied at the school of 

 the Trustees' Academy, in Edinburgh. In the 

 year 1826 the Scottish artists resolved to es- 

 tablish an academy of their own, framed upon 

 the model of the Eoyal Academy in London. 

 Harvey was invited to join it as an associate. 

 He became an academician in 1829. Incidents 

 from the history of the Covenanters supplied 

 the subjects for some of the pictures by which 

 he first won fame. His work, " First Eeading 

 of the Bible in Old St. Paul's," produced in 

 1847, made him known at the London Exhibi- 

 tions. He painted very many domestic sub- 

 jects, and completed all his works with a mas 

 terly hand. His " Dawn revealing the New 

 World to Columbus," and his " Quitting the 

 Manse," are in the Scottish National Gallery. 

 He was elected President of the Eoyal Scottish 

 Academy on the death of Sir John Watson 

 Gordon, in 1864, and was knighted in 1867. 



HASENCLEVEE, EICHARD, a German phy- 

 sician, and one of the leaders of the Old 

 Catholic movement, born May 16, 1813; died 

 June 8, 1876. He showed in his youth con- 

 siderable talent for music and mathematics, 

 and desired to become an artist, but, in defer- 

 ence to his parents' wish, he studied medicine. 

 After graduating from the University of Bonn, 

 he settled in Dilsseldorf, where he became a 

 warm friend of the poet Immermann, for whom 

 he composed the music to a number of his 

 plays. In 1845 he was married to the only 

 daughter of the painter Schadow. He was the 

 author of a number of medical works, of which 

 one, on the diseases of the eye, became well 

 known. He was a member of the Prussian 

 Chamber of Deputies and of the first German 

 Eeichstag, in both of which bodies he was a 

 bitter opponent of the Catholic party. When 

 the Old Catholic movement began he becanle 

 one of its leaders, organizing an Old Catholic 

 congregation in Dusseldorf. He was the 



author of " Ueber die Grundsatze einer ratio- 

 nellen musikalischen Erziehung " (1874), and 

 u Das neue Dogma der Unfeblbarkeit des 

 Papstes im Lichte der Vernunft uud der alten 

 Lehre betrachtet " (1874). 



HAUG, MARTIN, a celebrated German Ori- 

 entalist, born January 30, 1827; died June 3, 

 1876. He studied at the University of Tubin- 

 gen, devoting particular attention to Sanskrit, 

 and afterward went to Gottingen, where he 

 attended the lectures of Ewald and Benfey. 

 In 1856 he went to Heidelberg in order to take 

 part in the preparation of Bunsen's Bible. In 

 1859 he went to India as Superintendent of 

 Sanskrit Studies, and Professor of Sanskrit, in 

 the Poona College. Here he soon gained such 

 a reputation by his superior knowledge of 

 Sanskrit that the Indian priests initiated him 

 into the secrets of the ritual of the Vedas and 

 the hitherto secret fields of Indian learning. 

 In 1863 he undertook, at the instance of the 

 British Government, a scientific journey 

 through the province of Guzerat, on which he 

 gathered numerous Zend, Bahlavi, and San- 

 skrit manuscripts. In 1866 he returned to 

 Germany on account of his health, and in 1868 

 became Professor of Comparative Philology in 

 the University of Munich. His most impor- 

 tant works on the explanation of the Zenda- 

 vesta are " Die fiinf Gatha's oder Sammlungen 

 von Liedern und Spriichen Zarathustra's " 

 (Leipsic, 1858-'62, 2 vols.), and " Essays on 

 the Sacred Language, Writings, and Eeligion 

 of the Parsees " (Bombay, 1862). His princi- 

 pal work on ancient Indian literature was an 

 edition and translation of one of the oldest 

 ritual books of the Vedas, the " AitareyaBrah- 

 mana of the Eigveda" (Bombay, 1863, 2 

 vols.). Of his older works the best known 

 are "Ueber die Schrift und Sprache der zwei- 

 ten Keilschriftgattung " (1855), and "Ueber 

 die Pehlewisprache und den Bundehesch " 

 (1854). He published, at the order of the Gov- 

 ernment, in connection with one of the most 

 learned Parsee priests, the following works: 

 "An Old Zand-Pahlavi Glossary " (1867) ; "An 

 Old Pahlavi Pazund Glossary," with a long 

 "Essay on the Pahlavi Language" (1870); 

 " The Book of Ard& Viraf, together with other 

 Pahlavi Texts," with a translation, notes, a 

 glossary, and a short grammar (2 vols., 1872- 

 '74). Among his other works are " Brahma 

 und die Brahmanen" (1871), and "Ueber den 

 Werth und das Wesen des wedischen Accents " 

 (1874). He was a member of the Eoyal Ba- 

 varian Academy of Sciences, to the journal of 

 which he contributed a number of valuable 

 papers. 



HAYES, EUTHERFORD BiRCHARD, was born 

 October 4, 1822, at Delaware, Ohio, whither 

 his father, Eutherford Hayes, a merchant, and 

 his mother, Sophia Birchard Hayes, had re- 

 moved from Vermont in 1817. He graduated 

 at Kenyon College, Ohio, in 1842 ; studied in 

 the Law School of Harvard University under 

 Judge Story and Prof. Greenleaf, from 1843 to 



