400 



INDIA. 



The public debt of India on March 31, 1874, 

 was as follows : 



TITLE OF DEBT. 



I. CONSOLIDATED DEBT : 

 1. Payable in India, at 5J per cent 



4} " 



10,200,670 

 1,095,900 

 16,086,670 

 38,824,809 

 65,200 

 without interest 144,041 



Total payable in India 66,417,290 



2. Payable in England : 



4 per cent. India bonds 3,966,700 



5 per cent, stocks .............. 17,200,000 



4 " " " .............. 14,100,000 



Without interest ............... 20,917 



Total payable in England ..... 41,117,617 



Total consolidated debt 

 II. NOT CONSOLIDATED DEBT: 

 4 per cent. Treasury notes ...... 1,394,312 



Savings-banks ................. 1,736,857 



Debt due ...................... 4,660,750 



Total not consolidated debt. . . 



Total debt. 



107,534,907 



7,791,919 



115,326,826 



The values of the principal articles of import 

 and exports, for the year 1873-'74, were as fol- 

 lows: 



The movement of shipping, for 1873-'74, was 

 as follows : 



On December 31, 1875, there were 6,309 

 miles of railroad in operation, of which 616 



miles were Government roads, and 5,693 miles 

 private roads. 



On March 31, 1875, there were 3,492 post- 

 offices. The number of letters sent in the year 

 preceding was 104,353,076, and the number of 

 newspapers 9,365,586. 



The length of the telegraph-lines on March 

 31, 1874, was 16,346 miles, and the number of 

 stations, 225. In 1873-'74 the number of dis- 

 patches sent was 788, 048, the receipts 196, 820, 

 and the expenditures 318,074. 



The official report for 1875 on the moral 

 and material progress of India contains the 

 following facts: The progress in education 

 is generally satisfactory. In the Punjaub the 

 number of schools and scholars has increased 

 considerably, although 70 per cent, of the 

 children of school age still receive no instruc- 

 tion. In the north of Bombay the cause of 

 education was affected by the fact that an un- 

 usually large number of boys went off to get 

 married. In Bengal the number of schools 

 has also considerably increased, and the de- 

 sire to learn English is general among the pop- 

 ulation. In order that other branches besides 

 law and the civil service may be opened for the 

 natives, the Government has decided to open a 

 number of technical and industrial schools of 

 a higher class. The Government measures for 

 the suppression of the prevailing crime of in- 

 fanticide have been very successful. In the 

 Northwestern Provinces the ratio of the girls 

 to the total number of children rose from 28f^ 

 per cent, in the beginning of the year to 30 T \ 

 per cent, at the close. Much has been done to 

 develop the coal-mines, the supply having been 

 found to be practically inexhaustible, and the 

 coal itself of a superior quality. A great change 

 is at present taking place in the manufactures 

 of India. The old native industries are gradu- 

 ally dying out in many places, through the 

 introduction of English weaving-looms and ma- 

 chinery. 



The Oude educational report for 1875-'76 

 gave some interesting information. The num- 

 ber of schools rose during the year from 1,371 

 to 1,420, and of scholars from 59,391 to 65,211. 

 Of these, 46,071 were in the Government vil- 

 lage schools. The average attendance during 

 the year was 50,397. The number of pupils 

 in aided schools was only 3,751. According to 

 the language studied the pupils were divided 

 as follows: 33,388 for Urdu, 30,115 for Hindi 

 9,580 for Persian, 4,958 for English, and small- 

 er numbers for Sanskrit, Arabic, and Latin. 

 Out of the whole number studying English, 

 only about 650 could read and write it readily 

 enough to be fit for employment. According 

 to the religion the pupils were divided into 

 48,966 Hindoos, 15,574 Mohammedans, 587 

 Christians, and 84 others. Of girls, there were 

 only 2,711 receiving any sort of education in 

 the province, and this amount was less than in 

 the preceding years. The total expenditure 

 on education in the province for the year was 

 540,092 rupees. 



