NEHER, MICHAEL. 



NETHERLANDS, THE. 



579 



not essential that the distribution should bo 

 equal along each twenty miles; and, finally, 

 that where the sections could not be ol>tuin<-<| 

 on the south sidu of the road, on account of 

 being previously granted to the Union Pacific, 

 the company was not entitled to double the 

 nun unit on the north side ; but, having obtained 

 it, tin- patents could not be set aside, unless 

 the lands taken in excess of the grant could be 

 identitu'il and described. 



NEHER, MICHAEL, a German painter, born 

 in 1798; died December 4, 1876. He passed 

 six years in the principal cities of Upper Italy, 

 and in 1823 went to Rome, where he studied 

 the old masters, and at the same time brought 

 out a number of genre paintings, which were 

 very highly valued, and also produced a num- 

 ber of fine pen-pictures of the surroundings of 

 Naples and Rome. In 1825 he returned to 

 Munich, and there painted a large number of 

 landscapes, genre paintings, and architectural 

 paintings, the latter being his chief branch. In 

 1834 he, together with several other artists, 

 was employed in decorating the walls of the 

 old castle Hohenschwangau with frescoes. 

 N.'hcr painted in this castle the "Departure of 

 Lohengrin from the House of his Parents," and 

 "His Marriage with Elsa of Brabant," both 

 after designs by Rubens. 



NETHERLANDS, THE, a kingdom in Eu- 

 rope. King, William III., born February 19, 

 1817; succeeded his father, March 17, 1849. 

 Sons: 1. William, Prince of Orange, and heir- 

 apparent to the throne, born September 4, 

 1840; 2. Alexander, born August 25, 1851. 

 Brother of the King : Henry, governor of the 

 grand-duchy of Luxemburg. The area of the 

 kingdom is 12,679 square miles.* 



Tin- population was, in December, 1875, of- 

 ficially estimated at 3,809,527. The following 

 table gives the population of the several prov- 

 inces, and the percentage of Protestants and 

 Catholics, leaving out of account the Israelites 

 and the minor sects : 



Pop.UVm. 



The Israelites and the minor sects constitute 

 two per cent, of the population. The Protes- 

 tants are a majority in nine, and the Roman 

 Catholics in two, provinces. The population 

 of the larger cities in December, 1875, was as 

 follows : 



* For the area of the several provinces, tee ANNUAL CTCLO- 

 P*DIA for 1872. 



Rotterdam ................................. 14*,OM 



'I'M.- Hague ................................ 100,254 



Utrecht ................................... 65,008 



Leyilcn ................................... 40,724 



GronliiKi-u ...... ......................... 40,166 



Arnheim .................................. 80,755 



Haarlem ................................. 84,182 



Macstricht ................................. 28,891 



Leeuwarden ............................... 27,108 



Dortri-cht .................................. 28,157 



Tllbuix .................................... 25,897 



B..is-le-Duc ................................ 24,2*8 



Delft ...................................... 28,804 



BTlnenM ................................. 28,198 



Bcbtedam ................................. 21,582 



Zwolle .................................... 21,448 



Helder .................................... 21,828 



The colonies of the Netherlands are consider- 

 ably larger and more populous than the coun- 

 try itself. The total area is estimated at 641,201 

 square miles; the population at 24,480,900, di- 

 vided as follows : 



1. POPULATION OP THE DUTCH COLONIES IN THK 



EAST INDIES IN DECEMBER, 1878 ............ 24,370,600 



Java and Madnra (1&74) ........... 18,125,269 



Western Sumatra ................. 1,620,979 



Bencoolen ......................... 140,116 



Lampong ......................... 112,7*4 



Palembaujf ....................... 677,085 



Kii'uu and eastern < 



coast of Sumatra ( ............... 



Banca ............................ 



Billiton ........................... 26,688 



Western Borneo .................. 865.798 



Southern and Eastern Borneo ...... 8&9,t>29 



Celebes ........................... 855,942 



Menado ........................... 495,896 



Mnlnrva ( Tcrnatc ................. 97,918 



Is ndT 1 Amboyna ............... 94 745 



islands. | Banda .................. 1&M53 



Timor ............................. 900,000 



Bali and Lombok ................. 79,674 



New Guinea ...................... 200,000 



2. POPULATION OP THE DUTCH COLONIES IN THE 



WEST INDIES (Mb) ....................... 



Curncoa Islands 



Aruba ' .... 



Bomire " 



St. Martin " 



Saba " 



St. Eustache Islands. 

 8. SURINAM.. . 



41,024 



23.972 

 6.670 

 4,470 

 8.101 

 2,002 

 1,609 



Total 24,480,900 



The foreign population of the colonies in 

 1874 included 14,310 Europeans in the army ; 

 34,212 other Europeans (27,571 in Java and 

 Madura) ; 962 descendants of Europeans ; 305,- 

 897 Chinese; 13,083 Arabs; and 19,518 Hin- 

 doos. 



The population of Batavia, on January 1, 

 1875, was 99,109. 



The budget estimates of the Dutch colonies 

 for the year 1876 were as follows (in florins) : 



The imports in Java and Madura in 1874 

 amounted to 93,493,000 and the exports to 

 144,212,000 florins. The imports in the other 

 East Indian colonies in 1873 were 42,486,000 

 ami the exports 41,869,000 florins. 



In the budget for the year 1876, the expen- 

 ditures and revenue are estimated as follows : 



