AFKICA. 



ALABAMA. 



AFRICA. The area and population of the estimated as follows by Behm and Wagner 

 different divisions and subdivisions in 1878 are (''Bevolkerung der Erde," vol. v., Gotha, 1878) : 



The Caffre rising in the Cape Colony, which 

 seemed to have been quelled in 1877, broke 

 out anew in the last days of that year, and 

 continued during the first half of 1878. It 

 gained great force from the fact that numer- 

 ous chiefs who had not participated in the 

 rising of 1877 joined the Galika chief Kicli in 

 1878, notably among them Sandilli, the chief 

 of the Gaikas. It was considered the most 

 formidable rising in the colony since 1851. 

 Kisings also occurred in Griqualand, while on 

 the borders of Natal and the Transvaal prov- 

 ince a war with the Zooloos was imminent. 



A complete revolution took place in the 

 administration of Egypt during 1878. A finan- 

 cial crisis brought about by the falling-off of 

 the revenues led to the formation of a Com- 

 mittee of Inquiry, which in its report pro- 

 posed sweeping reforms in the administration 

 of the finances. The plan of the commission 

 received the sanction of the Khedive and was 

 immediately carried into effect. (See EGYPT.) 



In Abyssinia the state of affairs continued 

 in a disordered condition during 1878. The 

 rebel chief Melek remained with his men in 

 the heights of Hamaseen. King Johannes in 

 the early part of the year sent him a message 

 to wait until after the rains, when he would 

 severely punish him. 



Morocco was visited during 1878 by the 

 cholera, the disease assuming a very malignant 

 form, and causing great distress. 



AGRICULTURE. See COMMEEOE and UNIT- 

 ED STATES. 



ALABAMA. The fiscal year of the State 

 terminates on September 30th. The amount 

 received for general taxes during the year end- 

 ing September 30, 1878, was $556,441.14 ; from 

 general taxes of previous years, $37,058.20 ; 

 total from taxes, $593,499.34. The sum re- 

 ceived from licenses and other sources was 

 $124,729.02 ; making the total receipts $718,- 



228.36. The sum in the Treasury October 1, 

 1877, was $198,737.58 ; of this amount $37,- 

 759.61 was not available for general purposes, 

 but was uncurrent or belonged to the swamp 

 and overflowed land fund. The available re- 

 sources for meeting all State expenses during 

 the fiscal year were therefore $879,206.33. The 

 total disbursements during the year were $651,- 

 345.09, and the amount in the Treasury Octo- 

 ber 1, 1878, was $265,620.85. Of this sum 

 $34,492.61 is not available for general pur- 

 poses, leaving subject to warrants $231,128.41 

 on the 1st of October. The following items 

 became due and payable on and before the 1st 

 of January, 1879 : 



Interest and expenses on State obligations $40,000 



Interest on bonded debt 86,000 



Interest on University Fund 12,000 



Interest on Agricultural and Mechanical College Fund. 5,070 



Insane Asylum appropriation 16,500 



Deaf, Dumb, and Blind Institution 4,500 



Salaries of officers, sheriffs' fees, feeding prisoners, and 



other claims, not less than 55,000 



Expenses of General Assembly and appropriations... 40,000 



Makings total of $259,070 



This added to $25,000 also paid out makes an 

 aggregate of $284,070 ; and to meet it there 

 was in the Treasury October 1st $231,128.41. 



The issue of new bonds under the compro- 

 mise of the State debt has been nearly com- 

 pleted. (See volume for 1876.) The amount 

 issued is $7,508,700. They are divided into 

 three classes. Class A consists of the direct 

 or what are called straight bonds of the State, 

 that in no wise have reference to railroads, and 

 bear interest at the rate of 2 per cent, for five 

 years, 3 per cent, for the next five years, 4 

 per cent, for the next ten years, and thereafter 

 5 per cent. Class B are bonds issued to take 

 up the four-thousand-dollar-per-mile gold 

 bonds, and make a complete and final separa- 

 tion of the State from all liabilities for and 

 complications with the railroads, and bear 5 



