HUNGARY. 



by the projection of commodious works for 

 the supply of potable water to the capital. 



Dr. MARCO AURELIO SOTO, President of Hon- 

 duras, was born in the city of Tegucigalpa on 

 November 13, 1846. His education was com- 

 pleted in Guatemala, where he graduated as 

 doctor of laws in 1866. He is at present 

 member of the Law School and of the Eco- 

 nomical Society of the capital of that country. 

 In 1872 he was appointed by President Barrios 

 of Guatemala to the important offices of Min- 

 ister of Foreign Relations, Public Instruction, 

 and Public Worship, which portfolios he held 

 until February, 1875, when he gained popu- 

 larity and distinction and the surname of the 

 Peacemaker in the unenviable mission of con- 

 ciliating the contending factions then so nu- 

 merous throughout the Central American re- 

 publics. 



After these triumphs, achieved within the 

 brief space of six months, he was called (Au- 



gUSt, 1875) to the provisional presidency of his 

 native country, and in May of the following 



vear he was elected by the unanimous voice 

 of the people as Constitutional President. A 

 continued scene of internecine strife, the dis- 



astrous monotony of which was only broken 



by intervals of war with the sister states, neg- 

 lected industries, forsaken schools, a depleted 

 treasury, an onerous foreign debt, distrust and 

 confusion at home and discredit abroad such 

 was the discouraging condition of Honduras 

 when the reins of government were placed in 

 Dr. Soto s hands. Some idea of the changed 

 aspect of affairs under his wise administration 

 will be suggested, if not by th e foregoing hur- 

 ried sketch, certainly by the following remarks 

 from the pen of a native writer: "The benefits 

 ot peace are immense to a country ruled by a 

 man devoid of selfishness and living only for 

 the public weal: this is now proved in the 

 piece of ground which might formerly have 

 been called with reason the land ofwoel. War 



IS a Calamity ; yet we Of Honduras should bless 



the war of 1876 with Guatemala, not for its 

 calamities, but because to it we are indebted 



for the illustrious patriot who is to be the re- 



, a kingdom of Europe, and one 

 of the two main divisions of the Austro- 

 Hungarian Monarchy. (See AUSTKIA, under 

 which head all the affairs which are common 

 to the entire monarchy have been treated of.) 

 rea and population of the lands of the 

 imn Crown are as follows, according to 

 tische Harulbuch der osterreich.-un- 

 len Monarchic " : 



The Hungarian ministry at the close of 1878 

 was composed as follows: 1. President of the 

 Ministry, Koloman Tisza ; 2. Minister near the 

 King's person (ad latus], Baron Wenckheim ; 3. 

 Minister of Finance, Koloman Tisza ; 4. Minis- 

 ter of the Interior, Baron Wenckheim ; 5. Minis- 

 ter of Education and Public Worship, Dr. Au- 

 gustin von Tref ort ; 6. Minister of Justice, The- 

 odor Pauler; 7. Minister of Public Works, 

 Thomas Pechy; 8. Minister of Agriculture, 

 Industry, and Commerce, A. von Trefort ; 9. 

 Minister of Croatia and Slavonia, Koloman 

 Bedekovitch de Komor ; 10. Minister for the 

 Defense of the Country, B. Szende von Keresz- 

 tes. 



The budget for the countries belonging to 

 the Hungarian Crown for 1878 was as follows 

 (in florins ; 1 florin = 48 cents). 



RECEIPTS. 



1. Direct taxes 83,606.800 



2. Indirect taxes 



3. Keceipts from Government property and State 



institutions 



4. Extraordinary receipts of the Ministry of Fi- 



Total ............................ 219,846,019 



EXPENDITURES. 



Koyal Household ........................... 4,650,000 



Koyai Cabinet Chancery .................... 



council of Mini's^! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! '. ." '. '.". ! '. ! ! ! '. ! ! .' 



Ministry ad latus .......................... 50,348 



Min str y j^^^g, 81avonia ............ 2 476'845 



of Public Defense' '.'.'.'..'.'.'. '. '. '. '. '. '. '. '. .' 6,'i 52.025 



of Education and Worship. ......... 4,096J71 



of Communication ................ 12,192,394 



" of Fiume ................... 84090 



enion8 ................................... 8,979,004 



the Empire and to the Austrian debt ...... 80,669,468 



Other ex P enditures ........................ 94,819,112 



Ordinary expenditures ............... 233,425.624 



Extraordinary expenditures .......... 7,541,811 



Total 



Deficit ............. ............ 21,121,416 



The public debt of Hungary at the close of 

 1876 amounted to 660,176,996 florins, exclusive 

 of the common debt of the Empire. Hungary 

 also has a share in the public debt of Austria 

 proper, about 30 per cent, of its amount pre- 

 vious to 1868. This debt is regarded as exclu- 

 sively Austrian, but Hungary pays annually for 

 interest and its amortization 30,927,997 florins. 





i,2isi80 



124,426 I 15,654,5:3 



. 



tres (1 kilometre = 0.62 mile). The number 

 of private and official letters, newspapers, etc., 

 in 18 ?6, was 78.765,000 ; the number of post- 

 offices, 1,959 ; and the value of valuable letters 



