TURKEY. 



NOTE The Territory taken from Turkey by the Treaty of San Stefano and restored to Tier by the Congrett of Strlin it tinted tk**< j 



Taskesen and Kamarli on the 30th and '31st, 

 and now found his way clear to Sophia, which 

 he entered unopposed on January 3, 1878. On 

 January 7th General Karzoff captured the Tro- 

 jan Pass ; and on the 8th General Radetzky cap- 

 tured the Shipka Pass, and the entire Turkish 

 army in it. In his telegram to the Czar, Ra- 

 detzky stated the captured forces to comprise 

 41 battalions, 10 batteries, and one regiment of 

 cavalry. This victory put the entire range of 

 the Balkans, from Servia to the line of Osman 

 Bazar to Selvi, into the hands of the Russians. 

 A general advance upon Adrianople was now 

 made by the Russians, General Strukoff ad- 

 vancing from Shipka with the advance-guard 

 of Radetzky's army, while Gourko advanced 

 from Sophia with the greater part of his army. 

 He advanced to Tatar Bazarjik without meet- 

 ing with any opposition. A little beyond this 

 city he met, on the 14th, Suleiman Pasha, who 

 had been put in command of the forces at Phil- 

 ippopoli in the first days of the new year. The 

 Turks, while continuing the fight, were forced 



back, and on the 16th Gourko entered Philip- 

 popoli. Here he was joined by SkobelefFs 

 cavalry, which had been dispatched to his 

 assistance by Radetzky. He then pushed on 

 again, and, after a series of fierce engagements, 

 forced Suleiman's armyintothe Rhodope Moun- 

 tains. After a most disastrous retreat, losing 

 all his cannon and thousands of men, Suleiman 

 reached the coast of the ^Egean Sea, at Kavala, 

 with the remnant of his army in a miserable 

 condition. After lying here for over a week, 

 he embarked with his men for Constantinople. 

 In the mean while General Strukoff had con- 

 tinued his advance upon Adrianople, meeting 

 with but little opposition, and occupied this 

 city on January 20th ; and on the following day 

 General Skobeleff, who commanded Radetz- 

 ky's right wing, entered the city also. 



The Servians, who had again taken the field 

 in December, 1877, occupied the greater part 

 of Old Servia, Nissa surrendering on January 

 10, 1878. From here they proceeded south- 

 ward, occupying the territory as far as Vranya 



