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INDEX OF CONTENTS. 



tics of mercantile failures, 119; declension in the market 

 values of corporation stocks, 120; illustrations, 120 ; the 

 bonds of railroads, 121 ; total grain crop of 1878, 121 ; 

 average prices, 121 ; grain crop of Europe, 121 ; move- 

 ment of grain for the last five years, 122 ; speculative 

 movement occasioned by the Russo-Turkish war, 122 ; 

 the price of Indian corn, 123 ; increase in the export of 

 provisions, 123 ; export of dairy products, 123; the man- 

 ufacture of cotton, 124 ; increase of the spinning capacity 

 of the world, 124; consuming power of the world, 124; 

 export of American cottons, 124; American cotton crop 

 for a series of years, 125 ; prices, 125 ; total crop of all 

 countries, 125 ; the trade and manufacture of wool, 125 ; 

 enlargement in the means of production of iron, 126; 

 tons of railroad iron produced and the product and im- 

 portation compared, 126; iron rails supplanted by steel, 

 126 ; decrease in the imports of steel and iron, 1 27 ; total 

 product of pig-iron, 127 ; number of furnaces, 127 ; total 

 production of varieties of rolled iron, 127 ; production of 

 different classes of steel, 127 ; production of Bessemer 

 steel, 128; auction sales of coal, 128; exports, 128; prices 

 and exports of petroleum, 128; the tobacco crop, 128; its 

 manufacture, 129; prices, 129; imports of raw sugar, 

 129; the consumption of all kinds, 129; prices, 130; 

 Louisiana crop, 130; product of molasses, 130; receipts 

 of coffee, 130 ; the tea trade, 130 ; diversion of trade, 130 ; 

 crops, 131. 



Congregationalists. Statistics, 131; Congregational Union, 

 131; Home Missionary Society, 131; foreign missions, 

 132; American Missionary Association, 132; Union of 

 Canada, 132; London Missionary Society, 132; other 

 societies, 132; English statistics, 133; Congregational 

 Union of England, 133; defining the position of the 

 churches, 133; remarks, 184; other resolutions, 134; 

 Union of Scotland, 134 ; do. of Wales, 134 ; missions in 

 Turkey, 134. 



Congress of Berlin. Proceedings of, 256. 



Congress, United States. First session of the Forty-fifth, 

 135; proclamation of the President, 135 ; list of mem- 

 bers, 135; resolution for a committee to consider the 

 state of the law relative to declaring result of Presiden- 

 tial elections, 136; special object of the extra session, 136. 

 In the House, a bill reported making appropriations for 

 the army, 136; bill made up on the basis of twenty thou- 

 sand, 136 ; is this number sufficient to meet the legiti- 

 mate demands of the country ? 136 ; provisions of the 

 Constitution, 136; the principle is, that States must regu- 

 late their own affairs in their own way, not inconsistent 

 with the Federal Constitution, 136; what are the real and 

 true uses of our army in time of peace ? 137 ; determina- 

 tion of the President to allow the people to regulate their 

 own affairs, 137; the inexorable demand of civil liberty 

 caused a refusal of the appropriation, 137 ; the army was 

 used as an involuntary instrument to perpetuate wrongs 

 187 ; the course of the last House is coeval with repre- 

 sentative government, 137 ; the President has no right to 

 decide on the legality of State governments, 138 ; restric- 

 tion in the use of the army omitted in the bill, 188; bill 

 passed by the House, 188 ; passed by the Senate, 138 ; 

 end of the extra session, 188. 



Commencement of the regular session, 138; in the 

 Senate, a resolution offered relative to the payment of 

 bonds with silver dollars, 138; resolution of the State of 

 Ohio quoted, 138; explanation of the resolution offered, 



i 189; the recitals refer to three distinct periods of legisla- 

 tive history, 139 ; first, the act of March, 1869, 139 ; the 

 word " coin," 189 ; the Government's pledge, 139 ; the 

 history of this legislation, 139 ; question of the payment 

 of the debt in greenbacks, 139 ; have promised to pay 

 dollars, 140 ; what did " coin " mean in 1869 ? 140 ; history 



of the silver dollar since, 140 ; bonds declared to be re- 

 deemable in coin of the present standard value, 141 ; how 

 do the bonds issued under the act of 1875 differ? 141; 

 what difference does it make if there were no silver dol- 

 lars? 141 ; have not coined silver for forty years, 142; the 

 act of 1862, 142 ; the act of 1870, 142 ; the public faith 

 has been pledged in relation to this subject, 142; the 

 amendment to the Constitution, 142 ; the preamble and 

 resolution before the Senate, 142; the propounding of 

 such a question is astonishing, 143 ; the rapid and unne- 

 cessary prepayment of a debt not yet due at prices far 

 above that which its face called for, 143 ; any act that 

 weakens the credit of the nation adds so much to the 

 burden of the laboring man, 143; by the act 'of the Gov- 

 ernment the silver and gold dollar were equivalents, 143 ; 

 the preamble is not true historically, 143 ; a part of the 

 history excluded, 143 ; we are considering a contract in 

 which one of the parties must alter the law to obtain a 

 construction in his behalf, 144 ; under the pretext of reg- 

 ulating the value of the two metals it is proposed to fal- 

 sify their real value, 144 ; question taken on the resolu- 

 tion, 144 ; its passage, 144 ; preamble adopted, 144 ; no 

 action taken in the House, 144. 



In the House, motion for leave to introduce a bill to 

 authorize the free coinage of the standard silver dollar 

 and to restore its legal-tender character, 145 ; features of 

 the bill, 146 ; question taken, 145 ; rules suspended and 

 bill passed, 145. 



In the Senate, the bill referred and reported back with 

 amendments, 145 ; a Congress to establish the use of bi- 

 metallic moneys, 144 ; legislation in preceding years, 145 ; 

 its causes and results, 146 ; comparative relation of gold 

 and silver coin, 146 ; views of the Director of the Mint, 

 146 ; the value of the silver dollar in former years, 146 : 

 why was the word coin used in the statute ? 146 ; why 

 has not silver been coined for forty years ? 147 ; gold was 

 cheaper, 147 ; the act of 1878 changed the base of the sys- 

 tem from silver to gold, 147: resumption has been delayed, 

 and much of the misery of the past four years caused by 

 it, 147 ; what dictated this policy ? 147 ; it is the fruit of 

 the Paris Conference of 1867. 147 ; report of Gdschen's 

 English Parliamentary Committee, 147 ; the total stock of 

 gold money in the world, 147 ; if we diminish the legal- 

 tender money of the world by two fifths, we add to the 

 value of the remainder by fully the same proportion, 148; 

 if silver be demonetized as lawful money can you use it 

 as subsidiary coin ? 148 ; silver and gold as mutual aids to 

 each other open the door to resumption, 148 ; it is argued 

 that we must follow where commercial nations lead, 149 i 

 as a silver-producing nation it is our interest to give it 

 use as money, 149 ; amendment reported by the Commit- 

 tee on Finance, 149. 



Now that silver has reached the lowest point known in 

 the history of the world, that moment is taken advantage 

 of to construe the wording of the act relative to certain 

 bonds, 149 ; this is called a restoration of the silver dol- 

 lar, 150 ; if our people had continued on the metallic basis, 

 no such law as this could have been suggested, 160; 

 movements to demonetize silver, 150 ; the act of 1873 de- 

 nounced as the cause of the decline of silver, 150 ; while 

 there was nominally a double standard, in reality it never 

 was maintained and practically did not exist, 150; re- 

 markable features to be found in the record of the mint, 

 151 ; the coinage of halves and quarters, 151 ; we do not 

 need this silver dollar to revive business, 151 ; the bill 

 will not give the country a stable currency and standard 

 value at par with that of the commercial world, 151 ; the 

 proposed silver dollar will not be equal in value to the 

 gold dollar, 151 ; if it would, the two would circulate to- 

 gether, 151 ; practical effect of the bill is to demonetize 



