26 



ALEKO PASHA. 



ALGERIA. 



articles. Many of the Indians, both men and 

 women, ' dress up ' on Sunday, and cheap 

 dry-goods are in demand. The two settle- 

 ments have existed in juxtaposition for many 

 years, and it is exceedingly creditable to both 

 that, with no law to govern them, they have 

 both so governed themselves that ontrages and 

 disorder are uncommon. There is, however, a 

 terrible danger to which the whites are ex- 

 posed, and it is far from an imaginary one. 

 When intoxicated with the vile ' hootchenoo,' 

 like all drunken men, the Indians are liable to 

 commit outrages which the whites are power- 

 less to prevent, and to resent which would 

 draw upon them the vengeance of the entire 

 family to which the culprit belonged. It is 

 my belief that in February last the settlement 

 narrowly escaped a massacre. That it did es- 

 cape is due greatly to the influence of certain 

 friendly Indians of superior intelligence. I do 

 not think that there is any danger while a ves- 

 sel of war is here, and I hope to be able to so 

 influence the Indians that after we shall have 

 left they will preserve peace." 



The revenue derived from the Territory an- 

 nually is about $300,000, and the supply of fish 

 is destined to equal the demand of the whole 

 country. Coal has been found in abundance, 

 with iron ore of excellent quality. Gold and 

 silver are known to exist, but the mountains 

 are heavily timbered, which interrupts pros- 

 pecting, especially where there is trouble with 

 the natives. No present inducements warrant 

 the Government in keeping constant military 

 guard over so vast a range. But if there be 

 gold regions and encouragement offered, Cali- 

 fornia would furnish 5,000 miners, who would 

 open the mines and take care of the hostile In- 

 dians. With the exception of those that are 

 in the southern section, the Indians and Esqui- 

 maux of Alaska are peaceable, friendly, and 

 inclined to trade. The climate, though cloudy 

 and rainy, is not so hard as is supposed. The 

 winters are less severe than in Canada. As 

 timber is plenty, housing is not costly. Alas- 

 ka is as large as many Calif ornias, and the ex- 

 istence of one gold-field would indicate more. 

 With the furs, fisheries, timber, and coals add- 

 ed to its gold and silver mines, it would soon 

 take rank with California in its productions. 



ALEKO PASHA, the Governor-General of 

 Eastern Roumelia, was born about 1830. He 

 is a Bulgarian and a Christian, his Christian 

 name being Prince Alexander Vogorides. His 

 father was the Prince Vogorides who played 

 such an important part during the Crimean 

 war, and who was the first Prince of Samos. 

 He was a native of a small village near the 

 Kazan Pass, and went in early youth to Con- 

 stantinople, where he was educated in a Greek 

 school. It was mainly owing to his influence 

 that the Greeks during the Crimean war did 

 not openly espouse the cause of Russia. Aleko 

 Pasha, who was his third son, occupied in the 

 beginning of his diplomatic career various 

 subordinate positions at Berlin, London, and 



Vienna. During his stay in Germany he de- 

 voted himself ardently to study, and he speaks 

 with great fluency French, English, Italian, and 

 German. During the war with Russia he was 

 Turkish Ambassador in Vienna, when his 

 knowledge of Western affairs made him of 

 great value to his Government. When, how- 

 ever, in spite of his repeated assurances that 

 Austria would not permit Servia to take part 

 in the war, the latter country did begin hostil- 

 ities, he was recalled, particularly as he was a 

 warm friend of Midhat Pasha. Upon the cre- 

 ation of the principality of Eastern Roumelia, 

 he was selected for the position of Prince, as 

 being a Christian and a Bulgarian. He is de- 

 scribed as a man of strict integrity, and as pos- 

 sessing a thorough knowledge of the condition 

 of his principality. 



ALEXANDER I., first Prince of Bulgaria, 

 was born April 5, 1857. He is the son of 

 Prince Alexander of Hesse, the brother of the 

 Empress of Russia. His mother was the 

 daughter of Count Haucke, who was a Rus- 

 sian general and for a time Minister of War. 

 Upon her marriage with the Prince of Hesse 

 she received the title of Princess of Batten- 

 berg. Prince Alexander is the second son of 

 this union, his elder brother being now in the 

 British navy. He served with the Russian 

 army all through the Turkish war, and is well 

 acquainted with Bulgaria and its inhabitants, 

 which could not but recommend him to the 

 Bulgarians. He rode in the ranks of the 8th 

 Uhlans, and was also attached to the staff of 

 Prince Charles of Roumania. At the siege of 

 Plevna he gained unusual experience, was 

 among the first who crossed the Balkans with 

 General Gourko, and accompanied the Grand 

 Duke Nicholas to Constantinople. After the 

 close of the war he was transferred to the Prus- 

 sian Life Guards, and at the time of his elec- 

 tion was doing garrison duty at Potsdam. 



ALGERIA, a province of France in North- 

 ern Africa. Governor-General in 1679, Albert 

 Gr6vy. The country is divided into territory 

 under civil administration and territory under 

 military administration. The former is sub- 

 divided into departments and the latter into 

 divisions. The area and population, according 

 to the "Statistique GSnerale de l'Algrie " 

 (1877), are as follows: 



