126 



CAPE COLONY AND BEITISH SOUTH AFRICA. 



be strong. Cetywayo has 20,000 men." The 

 gist of the King's message was verbally con- 

 veyed by the two envoys. They declared that 

 Hundala, one of the King's head Indunas, was 

 coming on the following day to meet Lord 

 Chelmsford, bringing with him the two guns 

 and some more cattle taken at Isandlana. On 

 'being questioned, they said that the old men 

 were opposed to further hostilities, but the 

 young men would not be guided by them. 

 Cetywayo intended taking his army away, but 

 had not sufficient influence to make a regiment 

 come in and lay down their arms. Lord Chelms- 

 ford, in reply, said that if the Zooloos did not 

 fire upon him, he would give orders to cease 

 burning the kraals, and would halt' upon the 

 16ft bank of the White Umvolosi until noon on 

 July 3d. If attacked, he would at once march 

 on Ulundi; and as Cetywayo declared his ina- 

 bility to send in a regiment to lay down arms, 

 he agreed to accept instead a thousand stand 

 of rifles, which must be delivered at once. As 

 Cetywayo failed to comply with Lord Chelms- 

 ford's demands, the latter crossed the river ear- 

 ly on the morning of the 4th, his movements 

 being watched by a number of the enemy who 

 had collected on the surrounding hills. The 

 British troops were formed into a hollow square 

 on the plain near Ulundi, and while in this 

 formation the Zooloos commenced a desperate 

 attack on all four sides. They advanced re- 

 peatedly with great gallantry and determina- 

 tion during about an hour ; but being met with 

 a steady fire, they wavered each time and fell 

 back. At length the British cavalry charged 

 them, and a complete rout ensued. After the 

 troops had rested for a short time at Ulundi, 

 detachments were sent out in all directions, 

 who burnt every kraal within a distance of 

 three miles. In the course of the afternoon the 

 British returned to the left bank of the Um- 

 volosi. The loss of the Zooloos was variously 

 estimated at from 800 to 1,500, while the loss 

 of the British was only 10 killed and 53 

 wounded. 



Even before the battle of Ulundi, a large 

 number of chiefs came into the British camp 

 to submit. After the battle the numbers con- 

 tinually increased, so that by July 12th all the 

 principal chiefs except Cetywayo and Sirayo 

 had given in their submission. The King after 

 the battle retreated to the Ngome mountains 

 in the north. Lord Chelmsford after the de- 

 struction fell back to Kwamagwasa (afterward 

 called Fort Albert), as his supplies were about 

 giving out. Sir Garnet Wolseley now took the 

 entire management into his own hands, and 

 went to Zoolooland, making his headquarters 

 at Intanjaneni, and arriving at Ulundi on Au- 

 gust 10th. On the 8th messengers had arrived 

 from Cetywayo, who said that the King was 

 ready to submit and pay taxes, but the coun- 

 try must be clear of soldiers. They were told 

 that Cetywayo could not be treated with as the 

 King. He was no longer the King, and must 

 surrender unconditionally, except on the guar- 



antee that his life would be spared and that he 

 would have fair treatment. Another message 

 was received to the effect that the King had no 

 messengers to call his chiefs together, and could 

 only send the same messenger to each chief in 

 turn. He was told not to trouble himself about 

 the other chiefs, as the Government would com- 

 municate with them directly. Cetywayo in his 

 flight was accompanied by his prime minister 

 and by several chiefs of the royal house. The 

 royal cattle were driven with him wherever 

 he sought shelter. These symbols of his royal 

 estate he would never suffer to stray from 

 him. Indeed, the rumor that the herds were 

 being driven to the junction of the Black and 

 White Umvolosi gave to the British the first 

 clew to the King's hiding-place. They started in 

 pursuit of him on August 13th, after burning 

 Ambakage, his new kraal. Though they kept 

 close in his tracks, he always managed to es- 

 cape them. On the morning of the 15th the 

 cavalry arrived at the kraal where he had spent 

 the night. Lord Gifford was then ordered to 

 continue the pursuit with a party of natives. 

 Then Cetywayo's misfortunes began. His fol- 

 lowers left him one by one. His prime min- 

 ister, two of his sons, and three of his broth- 

 era surrendered, with 650 of his cattle; and 

 almost every day arms and cattle were surren- 

 dered to the British, so that toward the end of 

 his flight Cetywayo had but very few followers 

 who remained faithful to him. Finally, on 

 August 28th he was captured without resist- 

 ance by Major Marten. When captured he 

 was utterly prostrated, and his followers were 

 too weak to resist. They were taken to Ulundi, 

 whence Cetywayo was sent to Port Durnford, 

 and then by sea to Cape Town, to be kept 

 there as a state prisoner until the Queen should 

 signify her pleasure in regard to him. The final 

 disposition of Zoolooland was as follows : The 

 country was divided into thirteen districts, 

 over each of which a chief was appointed. A 

 British resident was appointed to each district, 

 while a Governor resident over all was ap- 

 pointed in the person of John Dunn. On Sep- 

 tember 1st Sir Garnet Wolseley met six of the 

 chiefs at Ulundi, and submitted to them the 

 following treaty, which was signed by them, 

 and shortly after by the remaining chiefs : 



1. I will observe and respect whatever boundaries 

 shall be assigned to my territory by the British Gov- 

 ernment through the Eesident of the division in which 

 my territory is situated. 



2. I will not permit the existence of the Zooloo mili- 

 tary system ; or the existence of any military system 

 of organization whatever, in my territory ; and I will 

 proclaim and make it a rule that all men shall be al- 

 lowed to marry when they choose and as they choose, 

 according to the good, ancient customs of my people, 

 known and followed in the days preceding the estab- 

 lishment by Chaka of the system known as the mili- 

 tary system ; and I will allow and encourage all men 

 living within my territory to go and come freely for 

 peaceful purposes, and to work in Natal and the 

 Transvaal and elsewhere for themselves or for hire. 



3. I will not import or allow to be imported into 

 my territory by any person, upon any pretext or for 

 any object whatever, any arms or ammunition from 



