GREECE. 



4.VJ 



tbe cropp, while the competition of American 

 produce interfered with the sale of the remain- 

 der of the crops. In this state of affairs a large 

 number of farmers organized for emigration, 

 or turned their attention to other pursuits, so 

 that many farm- remained unlet in spite of 

 tlie reductions made on numerous estates by 

 tlu> lamllnnU. 



(JUKKCK, ;i kingdom of southeastern Eu- 

 rope, lioi^nin^ King, George I., born De- 

 cember 24, 1845, second son of the reigning 

 King of Denmark ; elected King of the Hel- 

 lenes by the National Assembly at Athens, 

 March 18 (30), 1868 ; accepted the crown June 

 ti, 1 sc,3 ; declared of age by a decree of the 

 National Assembly, June 27, 1863; married 

 October 27, 1867, to Olga, daughter of the 

 Grand Duke Constantino of Russia, born Au- 

 gust 22, 1851. Their children are : Constan- 

 tinos, Duke of Sparta, born August 2, 1868 ; 

 George, born June 24, I860 ; Alexandra, born 

 August 80, 1870 ; Nicholas, born January 21, 

 1872 ; Maria, born March 8, 1876. 



The area is 19,353 square miles; the popula- 

 tion, according to the census of 1879, 1,679,775. 

 The following table shows the area and popu- 

 lation of c;ir.ii of the nomarchies into which 

 the kingdom is divided : 



The movement of population has been as 

 follows: 



In the bndget for 1879 the receipts were es- 

 timated at 45,808,000 drachmas, and the ex- 

 penditures at 60,078,760 drachmas (1 drachma 

 = 19-3 cents). 



The foreign debt at the close of 1878 

 amounted to 395,513,422 drachmas, and the 

 home debt to 147,569,480 drachmas; in all, 

 543,082,902 drachmas. 



The strength of the army on a peace footing 

 is as follows : 



Infantry Ifl,l8 



ObMMUrt. 4,i>3* 



Cavalry S4ft 



Artillt-ry 1,W 



EnfftoMn 1,104 



Sanitary troop* . 800 



ToUl 24,876 



There is in addition a corps of gendarmes com- 

 prising 2,508 men. 



According to an estimate of the Minister of 

 War, the army in time of war will comprise 

 200,000 men, of whom 120,000 belong to the 

 active army and its reserves, 50,000 to the 

 landwetir, and 30,000 to its reserve. The gen- 

 eral staff consists of 19 officers. The fleet in 

 1877 consisted of 1 ironclad, 1 monitor, 1 royal 

 yacht, 8 screw-steamers, and 10 sailing vessels. 



The Tnrco-Greek Commission appointed 

 under the Treaty of Berlin to rectify the fron- 

 tier between Turkey and Greece assembled in 

 January. On February 13th it was recorded 

 in the protocols that the Commission was un- 

 able to come to an understanding as to the 

 basis on which the negotiations were to be 

 carried on. The standpoint taken by Mukhtar 

 Pasha, the principal Turkish commissioner, was 

 that the delimitation indicated in the 13th pro- 

 tocol of the Congress was never intended to bo 

 binding on the Porte, as was clear from the 

 18th protocal, in which, in reply to the demand 

 of Caratheodori Pasha to adjourn the decision 

 on the 24th article of the treaty, it is stated 

 that, in the event of Turkey being unable to 

 come to an understanding with Greece on the 

 subject of the frontier regulation suggested in 

 the 13th protocol, the Powers reserved to 

 themselves to offer their mediation. The 

 President of the Congress, Mukhtar Pasha 

 represented, declared distinctly that the para- 

 graph in question expressed not a resolution, 

 but only a wish on the part of the Congress, 

 to which the Porte was asked to accede. The 

 Powers but expressed their desire to see the 

 negotiations succeed, and there seemed no 

 occasion then either for the Porte giving its 

 opinion on the subject or for the Congress tak- 

 ing any resolution, seeing that, according to 

 the precise statement of the President, there 

 was no resolution taken by the Congress with 

 regard to tbe extent of the frontier delimita- 

 tion, much less any consent on the part of 

 Turkey to any such resolution. The line in- 

 dicated in the 13th protocol as embodying the 

 wish of the Powers in this respect might, and 

 indeed would, be taken into consideration, but 

 could scarcely be accepted by the Porte as the 

 unalterable basis on which the>e negotiations 

 must be carried on. Mukhtar Pasha, while 

 maintaining this view, expressed his readiness 

 to take into consideration any positive line of 

 delimitation which the Greek Commissioners 

 might propose, discussing it fairly on its own 

 merits. According to Mukhtar Pasha, in judg- 

 ing of any lino to be proposed by the Greek 

 Commissioners, the ethnographical conditions 

 of the territory claimed would demand the first 

 and foremost consideration. On the Turkish 



