MARYLAND. 



deeply interested in seeing the negro race ex- 

 ulted. Then the parents get discouraged in 

 sending thoir children to school. Colored peo- 

 ple have as much right to say that colored peo- 

 ple shall teach their children as white people 

 have to say that colored people shall not teach 

 their children. We have also as tax-payers a 

 right to have some teachers." Dr. J. H. Brown, 

 a representative colored man of Baltimore, 

 said: 



Tho colored teachers have been a success every- 

 where, in Washington, St. Louis, Charleston, and other 

 E'aoes. In Washington there ore 92 colored teachers 

 tho colored schools ; horo thoro are 80 white teach- 

 ers over the colored children. In Washington, which 

 is tho Ijest place for a comparison, Mr. George T. 

 Cook, a colored man, is tho principal of all the colored 

 schools. On tho school board of 19 members five are 

 colored men, and legislate alike for white and colored 

 schools. Mr. Cook has a salary of $2,250 per annum, 

 and a secretary at $650 per annum. In Baltimore 

 there are 13 schools, ono of which is a grammar and 

 the others are primary schools. Tho pupils on the 

 rolls during tho year were 5,483, with an average at- 

 tendance of 8,066. In Washington there are 5,954 col- 

 ored scholars, 4,803 in primary schools and 1,053 in 

 grammar schools. The average attendance is 98' 1 per 

 cent. ; in Baltimore it is but 79'98 per cent. Why is 

 this ? The only explanation is that there is no sym- 

 pathy between the white teacher and the colored pupil. 



In Washington the average of promotions was 79'8 

 per cent, of the scholars, and still they say hero tho 

 colored teacher is incompetent. The following is a 

 statement of salaries paid to colored teachers : Six got 

 $1,000 per annum each ; one, $800 ; 8 get $900 ; 12 re- 

 ceive $550 ; 16 get $650 ; 2 got $750 ; 36 receive $700 ; 

 one principal of a high school is paid $1,200; tho 

 principal of the normal school receives $1,350; one 

 music teacher has a salary of $800, and a drawing 

 teacher $1,000. These are all colored people, and all 

 this money is paid out by the Washington authorities 

 to what our School Commissioners arc pleased to call 

 "incompetent" teachers. 



The insurance statistics of the State for the 

 previous year show that there were 13 Maryland 

 fire insurance companies located in Baltimore, 

 their premiums in Maryland amounting to 

 $439,577.29, and their losses paid in Maryland 

 to $78,064.19 ; there is one Maryland marine in- 

 surance company in Baltimore, premiums $24,- 

 019.51, losses $10,267.43; 15 Maryland mutual 

 insurance companies in the counties, premiums 

 $122,755.34, losses $91,101.56; 101 fire and 

 marine insurance companies of other States, 

 premiums $848,839, losses $430,937.83 ; 19 for- 

 eign fire insurance companies, premiums $153,- 

 197.14, losses $55,588.86. Total premiums, 

 $1,588,348.28; total losses, $666,959.87. There 

 are two Maryland life insurance companies, 

 premiums $104,048.80, payments to policy- 

 holders $84,733.71, and 26 life insurance com- 

 panies of other States, premiums $1,082,473.65, 

 payments $1,033,330.40; total premiums, $1,- 

 186,522.45; total losses, $1,118,064.11. The 

 joint-stock insurance companies of Maryland 

 are all located in the city of Baltimore. Their 

 aggregate capital is $2,728,855 ; assets, $5,446,- 

 996.31 ; liabilities, $3,816,848.85 ; premiums 

 received, $642,776.69 ; losses paid, $184,664.- 

 90 ; total amount at risk, $132,121,263.90 ; pre- 

 miums received in Maryland, $463,596.70; losses 



paid in Maryland, $88,831.62. The fifteen mu- 

 tual fire insurance companies of Maryland havo 

 assets amounting to $3,820,219.66; liabilities, 

 $166,668.22; income, $162,538.16; expendi- 

 tures, $141,601.87 ; amount at risk, $49,755,821. 

 There were 104 outside companies admitted to 

 do business in the State. Their capital is 

 $39,189,274 ; assets, 104,216,036.96; liabilities, 

 $81,152,468.10; amount written in Maryland, 

 $112,259,395.96. The assets of the foreign 

 companies are $19,730,203.74; liabilities, $9,- 

 822,278.33 ; amount written in Maryland, $28,- 

 980,589.11. 



Much has been said both in Delaware and 

 Maryland relative to a ship-canal across the 

 peninsula. At the session of the State Legisla- 

 ture in 1878 resolutions were adopted request- 

 ing Congress to provide for the necessary sur- 

 veys of the several lines across the peninsula, 

 in order to determine upon the best route for 

 the canal. The sum of $5,000 was appro- 

 priated, which was increased to $15,000 in the 

 allotment of Government surveys. The work 

 was commenced in August ensuing, and the 

 report of the result was made in February. It 

 appears that the surveys embraced several 

 routes. (See DELAWARE.) The advocates of 

 tho work say: "Such a canal would shorten 

 the distance to Europe and the eastern sea- 

 board States some two hundred miles, and 

 avoid the dangerous coasting to the capes. 

 Such a canal would put Chicago via Baltimore 

 as near to Europe in point of time as by way 

 of New York, with lesser charges for inland 

 transportation ; while the advantages such a 

 cut-off would present to the Western and 

 Southwestern States are almost incalculable. 

 It is this consideration that gives to the pro- 

 ject for a ship-canal across the Maryland and 

 Delaware peninsula to the sea a national char- 

 acter, and entitles it, above all merely local 

 river and harbor improvements, to Govern- 

 ment consideration and assistance." A bill 

 was also introduced in Congress which pro- 

 vides for an endorsement by the Government 

 of the bonds of the ship-canal company, bear- 

 ing five per cent, interest per annum, to the 

 extent of four millions of dollars ; one million 

 to be endorsed when it has been officially cer- 

 tified that one fourth of the excavation and 

 dredging has been completed, and the remain- 

 ing three millions to be endorsed from time 

 to time in like manner. It is further provided 

 that, in consideration of such endorsement, 

 the United States shall have the right of navi- 

 gation through the canal free of tolls for all 

 time for all vessels in the United States service, 

 and also bo secured by a mortgage on all the 

 rights and property of the company ten per 

 cent, or $400,000 of the amount of bonds en- 

 dorsed being retained by the Secretary of tho 

 Treasury " for the formation of a sinking fund 

 for the redemption of the principal and in- 

 terest of said bonds." 



The business of the port of Baltimore for the 

 fiscal year from July 1, 1878, to July 1, 1879, 



