848 



WISCONSIN. 



contest among the friends of several candidates, 

 he was elected Bishop of Maryland, and con- 

 secrated at St. Paul's Church, in Baltimore, 

 September 1 7th. Through the efforts of Bishop 

 Whittingham several educational and chari- 

 table institutions were founded in the diocese, 

 such as St. James College, Hagerstown ; the 

 Church Home and Infirmary, Baltimore; an 

 order of deaconesses ; and the Sisterhood of St. 

 John, in Washington. In 1869 the Diocese of 

 Easton was divided from that of Maryland. In 

 1870 the Rev. Dr. William Pinkney was ap- 

 pointed to relieve Bishop Whittingham of a 

 part of his labors. Dr. Whittingham was a 

 representative of the American Church at the 

 Lambeth Conference in Great Britain, and also 

 in 1872 at the meeting of Old Catholics at 

 Bonn, Germany. He engaged in several con- 

 troversies with the clergy on points of church 

 government ; among which were his presenta- 

 tation in 1876 for not bringing to trial the rec- 

 tor of Mount Calvary for reading prayers for 

 the dead, and the earlier contest with the Rev. 

 Dr. Trapnell of St. Andrews concerning the 

 prior right of the Bishop to celebrate commu- 

 nion at confirmations. He was a pronounced 

 High Churchman, but came to modify his ritu- 

 alistic views somewhat in his later life. He 

 took an interest in the Old Catholic movement, 

 and gave a glowing account of its objects in 

 his report of the Bonn Conference. During 

 the war he adhered strongly to the cause of 

 the Union, and rebuked his clergy for omitting 

 the prayer for the President. Bishop Whit- 

 tingham was an invalid for many years before 

 his death. His last official act was performed 

 November 7, 1878. At the time of his conse- 

 cration he was the youngest bishop in the 

 United States, and at the time of his death he 

 was the senior bishop but one, having been 

 thirty-nine years in the episcopal office. 



WISCONSIN. The Legislature met at Mad- 

 ison January 8th, and adjourned March 5th. 

 Coming together directly after the new Re- 

 vised Statutes went into effect, there was a 

 disposition to avoid changes in the general 

 body of the statute law. Besides the election 

 of a United States Senator and the levying of 

 the State tax, there was little important busi- 

 ness to attend to. Lieutenant-Governor James 

 M. Bingham presided over the Senate the great- 

 er part of the time. Assemblyman Kelley was 

 the Speaker of the House. About 400 bills 

 were introduced in tbe Assembly, and about 

 200 in the Senate; and 256 of the whole num- 

 ber became laws. 



A law was enacted providing that tramps 

 should be either sentenced to six months' hard 

 labor in the county jail where arrested, or be 

 put in close, confinement on bread and water 

 for thirty days, in the discretion of the judge ; 

 or, in case of refusal to work, to be sent to 

 State Prison for a term not exceeding two 

 years. The Supreme Court declared unconsti- 

 tutional those portions of the assessment law 

 which regulated the reassessment of property 



after litigation. This decision was confirma- 

 tory of one rendered by the lower Court. On 

 February 4th Chief Justice Ryan delivered the 

 decision to the Judiciary Committee of the 

 Legislature, who immediately framed a new 

 assessment law in conformity with the doctrine 

 laid down by the Court, but not otherwise 

 changing the general features of the law, 

 which was passed without difficulty. Provi- 

 sion was made for regulating and to a certain 

 degree restricting the adulteration of food, 

 drugs, etc. A Board of Emigration was estab- 

 lished, to consist of five persons, of whom the 

 Governor and Secretary of State are ex officio 

 members. Most of the acts are local in their 

 character, and a large majority of these relate 

 to the logging interests. Seymour and Ahua- 

 pee were incorporated as cities, and two new 

 counties were erected, viz., Price and Marinette. 

 The charters of some fifteen or twenty cities 

 were amended. In the city charters of Fond du 

 Lac, Oconomowoc, and Seymour, a departure 

 from all previous legislation of doubtful con- 

 stitutionality was injected, viz., the limitation 

 of the right to hold office to freeholders. An 

 important local measure was passed, to the ef- 

 fect that at municipal elections in Milwaukee, 

 electors shall be registered as at general elec- 

 tions. Prominent Milwaukee lawyers regard 

 this law as likewise unconstitutional. 



The appropriations made amounted in all to 

 $299,177, a saving of about $40,000 over those 

 of 1878. The chief items were: State Hos- 

 pital for the Insane, $80,747, including $22,- 

 100 for improvements; Northern Hospital for 

 the Insane, $71,457; Industrial School for 

 Boys, $52,000; Deaf and Dumb Institution, 

 $30,000 ; Institution for the Education of the 

 Blind, $18,500. The receipts into the State 

 Treasury during the fiscal year ending Septem- 

 ber 30, 1879, from all sources, were $1,812,- 

 682.80 ; the balance on hand September 30, 

 1878, $403,288.29 ; making the total receipts 

 $2,215,971.09. The disbursements during the 

 same period for all purposes were $1,627,- 

 146.49 ; leaving a balance, September 30, 1879, 

 of $588,824.60. The receipts into the general 

 fund during the fiscal year were $1,249,838.02 ; 

 balance from previous year, $79,055.98; total, 

 $1,328,394. Of this sum there was derived 

 from direct State tax, $682,388.99; railroad 

 companies, license-taxes, $395,886.46 ; insur- 

 ance companies, fees and license-taxes, $45,- 

 772.76 ; miscellaneous sources, $125,289.81. 

 The disbursements from this fund were as fol- 

 lows : 



Interest on the public debt $157,560 00 



School fund 7,088 86 



Hishsehools 25,000 00 



State University 41,810 30 



Salaries and other permanent appropriations. . . 109,028 62 



Legislative expenses 84,801 61 



Benevolent and penal institutions 878,815 72 



Miscellaneous purposes 252,012 90 



Total $1,055,112 61 



The disbursements from this fund, which 

 represent the actual expenses of the State, 



