50 



AUSTRO-HUNGARIAN MONARCHY. 



after Baron von Kallay, a chief of department 

 in the ministry of foreign affairs, had stated 

 that, in spite of the Irredenta movement, Aus- 

 tria entertained the most cordial relations to- 

 ward Italy, Count Andrassy, who was at the 

 time looked upon as the probable successor of 

 Baron Haymerle, was thereupon reported to 

 have stated, in the course of a speech, that he 

 no longer feared the Irredenta movement, since 

 the bond between the monarchy and Germany 

 had become so strong. If the movement should 

 lead to a war between Austria and Italy, and 

 the latter country should be defeated, it might 

 bring about serious consequences for the royal 

 house of Italy. These remarks caused consid- 

 erable excitement, and it was even stated that 

 the Italian embtissador was about to ask for 

 his passports. In the full meeting of the Hun- 

 garian delegation of November 8th, Baron von 

 Kallay declared the report of the meeting with 

 these remarks to be incomplete, and added that 

 he had laid particular stress upon the friendly 

 relations brought about by the late visit of 

 King Humbert, which seemed to have been re- 

 ceived with satisfaction by all classes of the 

 Italian population. Count Andrassy called to 

 mind the fact that he had accompanied the Em- 

 peror to Venice, and that during his term of 

 office he had kept up friendly relations with 

 Italy. 



The meeting of the Emperors of Germany 

 and Russia at Dantzic, in September, called 

 forth considerable surprise in Austria. But 

 the prevailing feeling was that it would tend 

 to strengthen the Austro-German alliance, and 

 the Government hastened to give expression to 

 this feeling in a dispatch to the Emperors at 

 Dantzic, declaring its satisfaction at the meet- 

 ing. 



The assassination of the Emperor of Russia 

 called forth expressions of sympathy from the 

 Emperor. In the Upper House of the Reichs- 

 rath, the President gave expression at its first 

 session to the feelings of abhorrence of the 

 House at the crime. He said the event was the 

 more painful, on account of the indication it 

 gave of the existence of a dark but wide-spread 

 conspiracy, threatening to undermine the prin- 

 ciples of society, which the Upper House was 

 bound to stand in the front rank to defend. 

 The President, in conclusion, called upon the 

 members present to rise from their seats in 

 order to testify to the sorrow they experienced 

 at this event, as well as to the sympathy they 

 felt with the grief which filled the heart of the 

 Austrian monarch, who in the Emperor Alex- 

 ander II had lost a true friend. The Presi- 

 dent's remarks were warmly applauded. In 

 the Lower House, however, the Poles declared 

 that they could not vote for any resolutions of 

 regret, and the new President, Smolka, a mem- 

 ber of the Polish party, refused to permit any 

 resolution of the kind to be discussed. 



The monarchy suffered a severe loss in the 

 death of Baron Haymerle, who died suddenly 

 on October 10th, of apoplexy (see HAYMEELE). 



He succeeded Count Andrassy as Minister of 

 Foreign Affairs in 1879, and had continued to 

 hold the office. This vacancy was filled by 

 the appointment of Count Kalnoky, the former 

 embassador to Russia. 



The victory of the Czechs in the university 

 question was followed by excesses in Prague. 

 Attacks were made on several occasions by the 

 Bohemian students upon the Germans, and it 

 was necessary for the authorities to interfere 

 in behalf of the latter. The Ministry of Edu- 

 cation, upon the recommendation of the senate 

 of the university, ordered a suspension of the 

 lectures for the summer, and a strict investi- 

 gation. A number of Czech journals, which 

 attempted to continue the agitation, were con- 

 fiscated. Other excesses took place later in the 

 year, in consequence of which the administra- 

 tion of the crown-land was placed in the hands 

 of Field-Marshal Kraus, who had been up to 

 that time the military governor. 



The Czech excesses in Prague called forth 

 the greatest indignation among the German 

 population of the empire, notably in Vienna, 

 where the Common Council passed resolutions 

 condemning those excesses, while the language 

 employed by the Liberal journals of that city 

 was so strong as to cause the suspension of the 

 latter. 



A demand was made by the Czechs, that as 

 Vienna was the capital of a state containing 

 many different nationalities, of whom the 

 Czechs formed a large part, that Czech teach- 

 ers be employed in the public and indus- 

 trial schools of that city. This demand was 

 promptly met and denied by the Town Coun- 

 cil. 



The City Council of Prague, which is entire- 

 ly in the hands of the Czechs, ordered that the 

 children of Bohemian parents who were at- 

 tending German schools should be removed 

 from them. The councils of other communities 

 passed similar resolutions, and, in consequence 

 of the troubles arising therefrom, the matter 

 was brought before the Provincial School Coun- 

 cil. This body annulled the order of the city 

 councils, and declared that it rested entirely 

 with the parents to which school they wished 

 to send their children. 



On August 12th the Czech National Theatre 

 in Prague was completely destroyed by fire a 

 few days before it was to be opened. This 

 conflagration called forth the deepest sympathy 

 in all parts of the monarchy, and the Germans 

 particularly tried to show, by their sympathy 

 and their contributions to the collection which 

 was taken up for its restoration, that they bore 

 no ill-will to their Bohemian neighbors, and 

 that it was their earnest desire to do away 

 with the struggle between the different nation- 

 alities. 



The marriage of the Crown Prince Rudolph 

 to Stephanie, the second daughter of the King 

 of the Belgians, took place on May 10th, in Vi- 

 enna. The ceremony was performed by Car- 

 dinal-Prince Schwarzenberg, Archbishop of 



