CONGRESS, UNITED STATES. 



When the votes of all the States had been 

 everally announced. Senator Thurman (one of 

 the tollers) suiil : "The tellers report that the 

 whole number of the electors appointed to 

 f.ir President of the United States is 869, 

 of whieh a majority is 186. Wore the \ot. s 

 of electors for the State of Georgia, cast on the 

 second Wednesday of December, 1880, being 

 the sdi il.iv of said month, to be counted, tlip 

 result would be: for James A. Garfield, of the 

 State of Ohio, for President of the United 

 States, 214 votes ; and for Winfield S. Hancock, 

 of the State of Pennsylvania, for President of 

 the United States, 155 votes. If not counted, 

 the result would be : for James A. Garfield, for 

 President of the United States, 214 votes; and 

 for Winfield S. Hancock, for President of the 

 United States, 144 votes. In either event 

 James A. Garfield has received a majority of 

 the votes of the whole number of electors ap- 

 pointed. 



44 And the state of the vote for Vice-Presi- 

 dent of the United States is as follows : the 

 whole number of the electors appointed to 

 vote for Vice^President of the United States is 

 869, of which a majority is 186. Were the 

 votes of electors for the State of Georgia, cast 

 on the second Wednesday of December, 1880, 

 being the 8th day of said month, to be counted, 

 the result would be : for Chester A. Arthur, 

 of the State of New York, for Vice-President 

 of the United States, 214 votes ; and for William 

 H. English, of the State of Indiana, for Vice- 

 President of the United States, 155 votes. If 

 not counted, the result would be : for Chester 

 A. Arthur, for Vice-President of the United 

 States, 214 votes; and for William H. English, 

 for Vice-President of the United States, 144 

 votes. In either event Chester A. Arthur has 

 received a majority of the votes of the whole 

 number of electors appointed." 



The Vice-President: "Wherefore,! do de- 

 clare that James A. Garfield, of the State of 

 Ohio, having received a majority of the votes 

 of the whole number of electors appointed, is 

 duly elected President of the United States for 

 four years commencing on the 4th day of 

 March, 1881. 



44 And I do further declare that Chester A. 

 Arthur, of the State of New York, having re- 

 ceived a majority of the votes of the whole 

 number of electors appointed, is duly elected 

 Vice-President of the United States for four 

 years commencing on the 4th day of March, 

 1881." [Loud applause on the floor and in the 

 galleries.] 



44 The business for which the joint conven- 

 tion of the two Houses assembled having been 

 completed, the Senate will return to its cham- 



061*. 



The Senate accordingly retired from the hall. 



In the House, on January 5th, a bill for the 

 apportionment of Representatives was report- 

 ed. 



Mr. Springer, of Illinois : " Before the ques- 



tion of reference is put, I wish to make some 

 remarks with reference to the basis on which 

 the bill has been prepared, and also iu regard 

 to the additional provision in reference to the 

 election of members upon what is known as 

 the principle of minority representation. 



**I have deducted from the whole popula- 

 tion of the United States the population of the 

 Territories and of the District of Columbia, 

 which ought not to be included in an estimate 

 in reference to the number of members of Con- 

 gress. Taking out the population of those 

 Territories and the District, I find that the 

 population of the States of the Union amounts 

 to 49,869,965. That amount divided by the 

 number 293, the present number of members 

 of the House, gives 168,498 as the ratio of 

 population for one member of this House. 

 Taking the population of each State and divid- 

 ing it by that ratio will give the number of 

 Representatives to which each State will be 

 entitled upon full ratio, and the fractions over 

 100,000 which it is proposed shall entitle the 

 States to additional members, will bring the 

 whole number up to the full quota, 293. 



44 There are two States which have fractions 

 coming very near to 100,000, which States may 

 be the subject of special consideration here- 

 after. The State of Massachusetts will have 

 a fraction of 98,106, and Florida will have a 

 fraction of 98,068. If Representatives are al- 

 lowed to those States on account of such frac- 

 tions, then the State of Florida will have two 

 members, and Massachusetts will have her 

 present number; and in that event the whole 

 number of Representatives will be increased to 

 295. Otherwise Massachusetts would lose one 

 member. I call attention to the losses and 

 gains of the several States under the proposed 

 bill, as follows : 



44 The following States, by the bill which I 

 have introduced, lose one member each : 

 Alabama, Florida, Indiana, Illinois, Louisiana, 

 Maine, Massachusetts, Maryland, New Hamp- 

 shire, Ohio, Vermont, Tennessee. 



4 ' Pennsylvania loses two members. 



." New York loses three members. 



44 The following States gain one member 

 each: Arkansas, California, Iowa, Michigan, 

 Mississippi, South Carolina, West Virginia. 



44 The following States gain two members 

 each : Minnesota, Nebraska. 



41 The following States gain three members 

 each : Kansas, Texas. 



44 One word now in reference to the prin- 

 ciple of minority representation contained in 

 this bill. It provides for dividing States having 

 more than two members into districts having 

 three members each, as far as possible. Where 

 there shall be a fraction of two members then 

 there will be a district having five members, 

 and where there is a fraction of one member 

 then there will be one district having one 

 member. In each district of three members 

 the voters will be entitled to vote but for two 

 members, thus securing absolutely to the mi- 



