GUITEAU'S TRIAL. 



385 



there was no indication of the kind of delusion 

 or irresistible impulse which could denote genu- 

 ine insanity. He was followed by several lay 

 witnesses, who testified to various transactions 

 and experiences showing the depraved character 

 of the accused. Dr. Noble, of the Washington 

 jail, testified to the prisoner's conduct in jail, 

 and believed him to be perfectly sane. Gen- 

 eral Reynolds, of Chicago, gave an account of 

 an interview with the prisoner on the 14th of 

 July, at which the latter expressed his astonish- 

 ment that his act was denounced by promi- 

 nent " stalwart " Republicans from whom he 

 had expected protection. An attempt was 

 made to show that the idea of inspiration origi- 

 nated after the prisoner found that there was 

 no hope that he would be shielded by the fac- 

 tion who, in his view, had benefited by his act. 

 Among the witnesses was a Mrs. Dunmire, who 

 had been married to the defendant, and had 

 obtained a divorce in 1874, on the ground of 

 adultery. She had no reason to believe him 

 insane. The expert testimony as to what con- 

 stituted insanity was then resumed, the judge 

 ruling, in response to an objection by the de- 

 fense, that there was no reason, while one wit- 

 ness was testifying, for excluding the others 

 from the court-room. Dr. Francis D. Loring, 

 of Washington, and Dr. Allan McLane Hamil- 

 ton, of New York, were examined on the 16th 

 of December. The proceedings were inter- 

 rupted from that date until the 21st on account 

 of the death of the wife of a juror, who was 

 permitted to go home for three days under an 

 injunction to himself and his associates to hold 

 no communication with other persons in re- 

 gard to the trial. In this interval a cast of the 

 prisoner's head was made by Mr. Theodore A. 

 Mills, assisted by his father, Clark Mills, which 

 it was the intention of the defense to introduce 

 as evidence. The measurement of the head, 

 according to a statement of Mr. Mills, was 23 

 inches in circumference, "self-esteem 6, firm- 

 ness 6J." The development of the left side 

 was said to be normal, while the right was 

 almost flat. 



Dr. Hamilton's testimony was continued on 

 the 21st of December ; and Dr. Worcester, who 

 had been originally summoned for the defense, 

 was called by the prosecution. The facts as- 

 sumed by that side, as established by evidence, 

 were summed up in the following hypothetical 

 question addressed to the witness : 



First hypothesis : Assume a man forty years of age, 

 in good health, who Las always enjoyed good health, 

 and who had never been seriously ill during the 

 whole of his life, but that for some time previous to 

 his birth his mother was an invalid ; that one pater- 

 nal uncle was an inmate of an insane asylum and died 

 there, the alleged cause of the insanity being disap- 

 pointed affection and mortification after fighting a 

 sham duel ; that another uncle was of dissipated and 

 dissolute habits, and two first-cousins were of unsound 

 mind ; that he was brought up under the care of his 

 father, who was a man 01 earnest religious belief, and 

 who enjoyed a high character for honesty, integrity, 

 uprightness, candor, and excellent business qualifica- 

 tions, and who was, from time to time, for many 

 VOL. xxi. 25 A 



years, elected to public positions of trust and respon- 

 sibility, and who was, at the time of his death and for 

 twelve years preceding, the cashier and virtually the 

 business manager of a national bank. Suppose a son 

 at the age of nineteen years, while pursuing studies 

 at a school preparatory to entering a State university, 

 abandoning his studies at the solicitation of his father, 

 and entering into and becoming a member of the 

 Oneida Community ; suppose him to continue a mem- 

 ber of that Community, conforming himself to the 

 regulations and practices of the community for a pe- 

 riod of five years, at one time leaving the Community 

 for a period of some months to visit New York and 

 other places, and then voluntarily returning to the 

 Community and remaining the additional period of one 

 year, at the end of which time, becoming dissatisfied 

 with the labor there assigned him, he finally with- 

 drew from the Community by the advice and with the 

 pecuniary aid of a brother-in-law. Assume that after 

 reflection on the subject in the Community he went 

 to New York city, contemplating the establishment of 

 a daily journal to be called " 'Hie Theoerat." and to 

 be devoted to the dissemination of the peculiar relig- 

 ious belief of that Community, but abandoned the 

 project without commencing its publication, for the 

 want of pecuniary assistance and encouragement. As- 

 sume that he studied law, was admitted to the bar, 

 and practiced his profession in Chicago and New 

 York, was married, and divorced by his own procure- 

 ment ; that growing interested in religious matters ho 

 devoted himself to the preparation of lectures upon 

 theological subjects, which he delivered in various 

 parts of the country ; that during the period of time 

 when he was thus engaged he visited the home of a 

 sister ; that while there his sister said he raised an axe 

 as though he would strike her, which he denied, and 

 that the family physician summoned by her, after an 

 examination in which he could find neither illusion, 

 hallucination, delusions, nor disturbance of the intel- 

 lectual or perceptional force, said he was insane " be- 

 cause of exaltation of the emotions and explosions of 

 emotional feeling, also excessive egotism,'' and that 

 he was the subject of an intense pseudo-religious feel- 

 ingj and advised that he be taken to an insane asylum, 

 which advice was not followed, and he was not then 

 or at any subsequent time confined in a lunatic asy- 

 lum, and that this statement was without any evi- 

 dence except that of the sister and the physician here 

 stated. Assume that after this he again traveled 

 about the country, delivering his lectures and selling 

 printed copies of the same, but that the views con- 

 tained in these lectures not meeting the concurrence 

 of his audience and popular favor, he did not derive 

 pecuniary success ana abandoned that enterprise. As- 

 sume that during a presidential political campaign ho 

 associated himself with the National Republican Com- 

 mittee and prepared a speech which was delivered 

 but once, the reason assigned by him being that ho 

 was not sufficiently prominent to attract the attention 

 that the members of the National Committee thought 

 necessary in that campaign. Assume that at the close 

 of the campaign he asked General Garfield by letter 

 for the position of Minister to Austria. Assume that, 

 after the inauguration of President Garfield, this man 

 came to the city of Washington, D. C., and again 

 made application for the Austrian mission, but learn- 

 ing that another person had been appointed to this 

 place withdrew his application for it and applied for 

 the position of Consul to Paris, for which place ho 

 pressed his application with great persistence, but not 

 more than is usual with many persons asking for 

 similar positions ; that he earnestly and persistently 

 followed up his application for this place by verbal 

 and written requests, having no special claims for the 

 position except his own idea of the value of his serv- 

 ices to the party in the presidential campaign, and 

 having no recommendation signed by any prominent 

 politician for the place, his only recommendation be- 

 ing that of one Charles H. Reed, of Chicago, who had 

 signed liis application for that office. Assume that he 



