LOCOMOTIVE WITH DUPLEX DRIVING-WHEELS. 



511 



"Recollections of the Modern History of Swe- 

 den" has been continued for a great many 

 years, but by different authors; the last install- 

 ment, treating the years 1828-1835, is written 

 by O. Alin. C. G. Starback's "Narrations 

 from Swedish History," continued by P. O. 

 Backstrom, are now concluded. The great il- 

 lustrated " History of Sweden from the Ear- 

 liest Times to the Present Day," compiled by 

 different authors, is approaching completion. 

 Four numbers of the sixth and last volume have 

 already appeared. Among special works in 

 political history J. Mankell's treatise on the 

 policy of Gustavus II Adolphus, in which the 

 author maintains the opinion that the King was 

 influenced by the ideas of a conqueror rather 

 than by those of a champion of faith, has 

 aroused animated disputes. August Strindberg 

 has commenced a work with the title, "The 

 Swedish People during a Thousand Years," 

 with engravings by Carl Larssou. The work 

 caused great excitement in Sweden, and many 

 polemical writings have followed. 



Eichhorn has with a new volume, " Swedish 

 Studies," contributed to the history of litera- 

 ture. To this department belong " Nektar och 

 Gift," and the contimuation of "SvenskaHofvets 

 och Aristokratiens Historia," by Arvid Ahnfelt. 

 Professor G. Ljunggren has published a new 

 volume of his "Annals of Swedish Literature." 

 A work of particular importance is " Philo- 

 sophical Investigation in Sweden," by Professor 

 A. Nyblaeus. To the knowledge of the life and 

 manners of the Swedish people Arthur Haze- 



lius has made an important contribution by the 

 publication of "Contributions to the Annals 

 of our Culture," of which G. Retzius has writ- 

 ten the first part, describing the ancient culture 

 of Finland. 



" Spada " has published a collection of lively 

 and picturesque sketches made during a sojourn 

 in the East. "From the Polar Circle to the 

 Tropic," by " Jorgen " (Georg Lundstrom), 

 contains, besides a quantity of interesting de- 

 scriptions, a fair proportion of satire. 



Mrs. H. Nyblom, the well-known novelist, 

 has published a collection of tales, while two 

 anonymous ladies have published, one a novel, 

 entitled " Marianne," the other " From the For- 

 est." A collection of " Stories and Fantasies " 

 is by Ernst Lundqvist. 



Nordenskiold's celebrated work, "Vegas 

 Fard kring Asien och Europa," has appeared 

 both in Swedish and in several translations. 

 It will be followed by several supplementary 

 volumes, containing partly popular essays and 

 observations by the partakers in the Vega 

 expedition, partly strictly scientific treatises 

 respecting the results of the voyage, to be 

 published at the cost of the state. 



LOCOMOTIVE WITH DUPLEX DHIVING- 

 WHEELS. A new type of railroad locomotive 

 engine, called from the name of the inventor 

 the Fontaine locomotive, has been tested by 

 practical use on the Canada Southern Rail- 

 way. The results recorded in speed and duty 

 are so remarkable as to have attracted the at- 

 tention of engineers all over the world. The 



TUB FONTAINE LOCOMOTIVE. 



construction is not only very peculiar, but con- 

 flicts apparently with the recognized principles 

 of mechanics. Hence, when first described, 

 the Fontaine locomotive shared the fate of 

 many other important inventions : it was con- 

 demned on theoretical grounds, and even de- 

 rided by high engineering authorities. 



The peculiarity of the engine is that it has 

 two sets of driving-wheels, one on top of the 



other. The main driving-wheels in the Fon- 

 taine engines are secured to an elevated axle, 

 above the boiler, and running in boxes sup- 

 ported by a suitably braced frame, the cylinder 

 and piston-rods being set in an inclined posi- 

 tion. 



These driving-wheels are of the usual con- 

 struction, but do not touch the rails. Resting 

 on the rails are other driving-wheels of the 



