MICHIGAN. 



583 



Letters (English), 58 for Bachelor of Science, 

 15 for Bachelor of Philosophy, 77 for Bachelor 

 of Letters (Latin), and 240 IbrBachelor of Arts. 

 Of the 210 new students in this department, 75 

 were admitted on diplomas given by the high- 

 schools of the State, the standing of which 

 schools is yearly passed npon by the faculty, 

 on the recommendation of committees ap- 

 pointed to visit and examine the schools. Dur- 

 ing the year 431 degrees were conferred on 

 examination : 96 upon the graduates from the 

 Department of Literature, Science, and Arts; 

 83 from the School of Pharmacy, 99 from the 

 Department of Medicine and Surgery, 145 from 

 the Department of Law, 21 from the Homoeo- 

 pathic Medical College, and 37 from the College 

 of Dental Surgery. Eight honorary degrees 

 were conferred. During the year a School of 

 Political Science was organized, and is now in 

 full operation. The first announcement con- 

 tained a list of ten professors and lecturers, 

 and the following curriculum of instruction, 

 subject to changes and additions as experience 

 shall make necessary: 



1. Theories of political economy. 



2. General political history of Europe from the Re- 

 naissance to me French Revolution. 



3. Political and social history of England from 

 Henry VI to Charles I. 



4. Political history of America before the adoption 

 of the Constitution of the United States. 



5. The laws of public health. 



6. The elements of constitutional law. 



7. The science of forestry, and its relations to na- 

 tional economy. 



8. Political history of England from Charles I to 

 George III. 



9. Practical questions in political economy. 



10. General theories of international law. 



11. Theories of taxation and public revenue. 



12. History of political forms and political methods. 



13. Constitutional history of the United States. 



14. The political history of England from George 

 III to the present time. 



15. The management of reformatory and penal in- 

 stitutions. 



16. Practical questions in social science. 



17. Political ethics. 



18. Political theories and methods of the English 

 Government. 



19. The constitutional history of England. 



20. Civil service in Europe and in the United 

 States. 



21. The government of cities. 



22. The history of financial theories and financial 

 methods. 



23. The history of political ideas. 



24. The history of modern diplomacy. 



25. Comparative politics of the larg'er nationalities 

 of Europe. 



26. Comparative constitutional law of Europe and 

 the United States. 



27. Comparative administrative law of the several 

 states of Europe and of the American Union. 



Several additions were made to the faculties, 

 and the library liberally increased during the 

 year. The Legislature made, in addition to 

 other liberal appropriations, an appropriation 

 of $100,000 for a library-building. Plans for 

 the same have been adopted, the contract let, 

 and the work is in progress. The receipts for 

 the year, including balance on hand, October 



1, 1880 ($19,067.24), were $231,338.90. Ex- 

 penditures, $224,076.12. Cash balance, Sep- 

 tember 30, 1881, $7,268.78. 



The statistics of the Michigan Asylum for 

 the Insane show : 



Amount received for the support of patients 

 during fiscal year, $150,728.77. Disbursed for 

 same purpose, $138,632.64. The cost per week 

 per capita was $3.92. 



In a personal letter covering these statis- 

 tics, the medical superintendent says: "The 

 type of insanity within the last twenty years 

 has materially changed in those admitted to 

 this institution. While the number suffering 

 from mania, or the more active forms of dis- 

 ease, has diminished, the number brought to 

 us afflicted with obscure nervous disorders 

 has largely increased. The same is true of 

 those of defective organizations. These are 

 facts having an important bearing upon the 

 welfare of the race, and suggest that other 

 agents more potent in their depressing effects 

 are acting upon the nervous system, which at 

 first produces functional disturbance, hut if 

 continued, ultimately, by impairing nutrition, 

 produces organic changes that yield but imper- 

 fectly to treatment. In brief, we may say that 

 these fatal forms of nervous disorders are due, 

 in a great measure, to our fast and intense way 

 of "living." 



The statistics received from the Eastern Asy- 

 lum for the Insane cover the same period, the 

 fiscal year ending September 30, 1881, and-are : 



Receipts for the fiscal year '. . . $127,720 04 



Expenditures for the fiscal year 122,149 60 



The acting medical superintendent adds: 

 " In regard to predisposing causes, heredity is 

 much greater than any other. The following 

 figures will illustrate this point, and may not 

 be without interest. Of the 833 patients treat- 

 ed here, 362, or 43'457 per cent, have insanity 

 in family, either direct or remote. One hun- 

 dred and twenty- ninn cases, or 15-486 per cent, 

 have no insane relatives. Jt is often impossi- 

 ble, however, to obtain any information con- 

 cerning the ancestry of a patient further back 

 than one generation. Three hundred and six- 

 teen cases, or 37'935 per cent, are unascer- 

 tained, and 26 cases, or 3'121 per cent, are un- 



