624 



NETHERLANDS, THE. 



In the budget for 1881 the expenditures and 

 revenues are estimated as follows (in Dutch 

 florius) : 



EXPENDITURES. 



1. Royalhouse ................................ 750,000 



2. Cabinet, supreme state authorities .......... 618,513 



8. Ministry of Foreign Affairs ................. 660,899 



4. " ofJustlce ......................... 4,591,879 



6. " ofthe Interior ..................... 10,180,735 



6. " oftheNavy ....................... 12,124,440 



7. " of War . ...................... 20,992,500 



8. Publlcdebt .......................... 23,167.812 



9. Ministry of Finance and Worship ........... 18,687,890 



10. Colonies ............ ....................... 1,871,780 



1 1. Public Works, Commerce, and Industry ..... 26,iJ71,'296 



12. Unforeseen ................................ 



Total ..................................... 124,466,985 



REVENUE. 



1. Direct taxes ............................ 24,755,135 



Land-tax ..................... 10,7SO,785 



Poll-tax ....................... 10,032,000 



Patent-tax ..................... 8,942,400 



9. Excisj .................................... 88,925,000 



On spirits ..................... 22,400,000 



On other liquors .............. 16,525,009 



8. Taxes on stamps, registration, and inherit- 



ances ........ T ........................... 28,460,000 



4. Customs ................................... 4,611,040 



5. Taxes on gold and silver wars ............... 801,100 



6. Public domains ............................ 1,550,000 



7. Posts ...................................... 4,000,000 



8. Telegraphs ................................ 935,800 



9. Lottery .................................... 480,000 



10. Taxes on gamo and fishery ................. 149,009 



11. Pilotages .................................. 924,000 



12. Taxes on mines ............................ 2,875 



18. State railroads .............................. 2,200,000 



14. Miscellaneous .............................. 2,866,605 



Total ...................................... 105,110,605 



The financial estimates are always framed 

 with great moderation, mostly exhibiting a defi- 

 cit, which in the final account becomes a sur- 

 plus. The public debt in 1881 amounted to 

 942,271,250 florins, divided as follows : 



1. Debt bearing interest at 2f per cent 613,291,400 



2. Debt bearing interest at 8 per cent 90,813,250 

 8. Debt bearing interest at 8J per cent : 10,392,000 



4. Debt bearing interest at 4 per cent 184,357,000 



5. Bonds bearing 4 per cent interest, j 



issued in accordance with law of 



June 5, 1878 88,888,600 



6. Miscellaneous, rentes, etc 



7. Paper money, bearing no interest. . 10,000,000 



8. Amortization 



15,382,285 



2,709,867 



866,845 



7,375,480 



1,859,844 

 55,391 



969,i66 



The imports and exports in 1879 were as 

 follows (in florins) : 



Total 1881 942,271.250 28,167,812 



Total, 18SO |948,215,602j 27,956,667 



The army in 1881 consisted of 2,334 officers 

 and 62,779 men. The navy, on January 1, 

 1881, comprised 103 steamers, with 389 guns, 

 17 sailing-vessels, with 153 guns, and 2 school- 

 ships, with 8 guns. 



The aggregate length of railroads in operation 

 on January 1, 1881, was 1,901 kilometres, of 

 which 1,009 kilometres were government roads. 



The aggregate length of the state telegraph 

 lines, on January 1, 1881, was 3,821 kilometres ; 

 aggregate length of wires, 13,817 kilometres; 

 number of offices, 396; number of telegrams 

 carried in 1880, 3,109,230. 



The number of post-offices in 1880 was 1,316 ; 

 the number of inland letters was 42,555,184; 

 of foreign letters, 13,172,088; of postal-cards, 

 15,814,191 ; of newspapers, etc., 37,085,396. 



The colonies of the Netherlands are consid- 

 erably larger and more populous than the 

 mother-country itself. In the East Indies, 

 Java and Madura have an area of 131,733 

 square kilometres, and a population of 19,068,- 

 600. The aggregate area of the other colonies 

 amounts to 1,700,000 square kilometres; their 

 native population is not accurately known, but 

 is estimated at about 7,800,000. The foreign 

 population was as follows: 



Europeans, civilians 88,026 



Europeans, army 11,780 



Europeans, navy 8,161 



Chinese 819,887 



Arabs 14,818 



Hindoos 13,265 



The capital, Batavia, has a population of 

 97,585 ; Samarang, 79,443 ; and Soerabaya, 

 118,824. 



In America, the colony of Surinam or Dutch 

 Guiana had, in 1879, an area of 119,321 square 

 kilometres, with a population of 68,507: Cura- 

 coa, in the "West Indies, had 1,130 square kilo- 

 metres, with 42,447 inhabitants. 



The budget estimates of the Dutch colonies, 

 for the year 1881, were as follows (in florins) : 



