STEEET, ALFRED B. 



SWEDEN AND NORWAY. 825 



thing never to be forgotten. Nothing more truly ten- 

 der or catholic, or fitted to make bad men good and 

 good men better, ever fell upon the ear of a congrega- 

 tion. In fact, he was everywhere the same gentle 

 " Elisha, the prophet of peace " the Dean not so much 

 of Westminster as of London society ; to use his own 

 words respecting the Old Testament seer we have 

 named, ' carrying on his work through winning arts 

 and healing acts and words of peaceful intercourse, 

 in the crowded thoroughfares of Samaria, by the 

 rushing waters of the Jordan." England, and not 

 only the Church of England, is poorer to-day by his 

 loss how much poorer the future alone can show. 

 Among the lessons of his life arc these the quench- 

 ing of the fires of ecclesiastical strife in the waters of 

 Christian charity, liberality of conscience in matters 

 of religious belief, and the winning over of skeptical 

 minds to the side of religion, by making the theology 

 of the Sermon on the Mount the key-note of all true 

 and honest religious teaching. 



If Dean Stanley can not, in the necrology of 

 1881, be ranked with such men as Carlyle, 

 Beaconsfield, Alexander II, and President Gar- 

 fielil, he may certainly take high rank in the 

 second class, composed of such names as Hay- 

 merle or Dufaure, Dr. Punshon, Littre", and 

 William Beach Lawrence, and, without ques- 

 tion, what Matthew Arnold translates the 

 "sweet reasonableness" of Christ was more 

 perfectly embodied in the Dean of Westmin- 

 ster than in any other conspicuous man of the 

 nineteenth century. 



STREET, ALFRED BILLINGS, born at Pough- 

 keepsie, New York, December 18, 1811; died 

 at Albany, New York, June 2, 1881. He waa 

 the son of General Randal S. Street, a distin- 

 guished lawyer. After a course of study at 

 the Dutchess County Academy, he entered the 

 legal profession, and practiced law at Monti- 

 cello, but in 1839 removed to Albany. In his 

 youth he commenced his literary career as a 

 poetical writer for magazines. His first vol- 

 ume, " The Burning of Schenectady, and other 

 Poems," was published in 1842; "Drawings 

 and Tintings," in 1844 ; and his longest work, 

 " Frontenac, a Tale of the Iroquois," in London, 

 1849. He was also the author of several poems, 

 of acknowledged merit, delivered at Geneva 

 and Union Colleges, and he held an honored 

 place among American poets of the era pre- 

 ceding the civil war. Mr. H. T. Tuckerman 

 criticises the poetry of Mr. Street very flatter- 

 ingly, and states that in England his works 

 were highly appreciated for their vivid and 

 sympathetic treatment of natural scenery. His 

 "Lost Hunter" was finely illustrated in a 

 periodical, thus affording the best evidence of 

 the picturesque fertility of his muse. Many 

 of his pieces glow with patriotism. His " Gray 

 Forest Eagle " is a noble lyric, full of point. 

 " The Council of Revision," containing the 

 vetoes of the Council, a history of the Supreme, 

 Chancery, and Admiralty Courts of New York, 

 and biographical sketches of its governors and 

 judges from 1777 to 1821, is one of Mr. Street's 

 most important works. His best-known prose 

 work is probably " Woods and Waters ; or, 

 The Saranacs and Racket," descriptive of a 

 tour in the great wilderness of Northern New 



York, known as the Adirondack region. A 

 number of his poems have been translated into 

 German a rare honor for American poets. 

 He prepared a digest of taxation, which was 

 recently revised under the authority of the 

 Legislature. He held the position of keeper 

 of the State historical records. At the Schuy- 

 lerville centennial celebration he delivered an 

 excellent poem, and the last of all his poems 

 was read at the Poe memorial meeting in New 

 York city. This celebration fell on the birth- 

 day of Shakespeare, and the subject of Street's 

 poem was the immortal bard. In 1848 he was 

 appointed State Librarian, and in 1862 he be- 

 came Librarian of the Law Library. 



SWEDEN AND NORWAY. Two king- 

 doms of Northern Europe, united under the 

 same dynasty. The King, Oscar II, born Jan- 

 uary 21, 1829, succeeded to the throne at the 

 death of his brother, Charles XV, September 

 18, 1872. He married on June 6, 1857, Sophia, 

 daughter of the Duke of Nassau, born July 

 9, 1836. Their oldest son is Gustavus, heir- 

 apparent, Duke of Wermland, born June 16, 

 1858; married, September 21, 1881, to Victo- 

 ria, daughter of the Grand Duke of Baden. 



SWEDEN. The executive authority is in the 

 hands of a king, who acts under the advice of 

 a ministry, which at the close of 1881 was com- 

 posed as follows : Count A. R. F. Posse, Minis- 

 ter of State ; Baron C. F. L. Hochschild, For- 

 eign Affairs ; Dr. J. II. Love"n ; Dr. N. H. Vult 

 von Steyern, Justice ; Baron C. G. von Otter, 

 Navy; Colonel O. F. Taube, War; F. L. S. 

 Hederstjerna, Interior; Dr. C. G. Hammarsk- 

 jold, Ecclesiastical Affairs; J. C. E. Richert, 

 and O. R. Themptander, Finance. 



The area of Sweden, inclusive of inland 

 lakes, is 170,741 square miles; the population 

 on December 31, 1879, was 4,578,901, of which 

 2,228,855 were males, and 2,350,046 were fe- 

 males. In 1879 there were 28,635 marriages, 

 143,242 births, 81,351 deaths, and 4,199 still- 

 births. The population of Stockholm in 1879 

 was 173,433. 



The number of emigrants from 1875 to 1879 

 was as follows : 



YEAR. Emigrant*. YEAR. 



1875 9,727 1S7S 



1876 9,418 1879 



1877 7,610 



The budget for 1882 estimates the receipts 

 and expenditures at 75,938,000 crowns each 

 (1 crown = 26-8 cents). The principal sources 

 of revenue were as follows : 



Crown i. 



Oround-tax 8,005,000 



Railroads (net) 5.500.000 



Crown-lands 2,900,000 



Customs 27,000,000 



Kxclse 14,000,000 



Income-tax 6,600.000 



Posts 4,900,000 



Stamped paper 8,000,000 



These estimates, however, do not present a 

 correct picture of the revenue and expendi- 

 tures of the kingdom, as the greater part of 

 the army, and many civil officials and minis- 

 ters, are paid from certain crown-lands, whose 



Em!(rrnt. 

 . . . 9,032 

 ... 17,687 



