INDEX OF CONTENTS. 



424 ; plan to improve the condition of pauper children , 

 424; the compulsory education bill did not pass, 424; 

 proposed mode of enforcing education, 424, 425 ; law for 

 selecting and drawing juries, jury commissioners, the 

 oath, mode of drawing names, etc., 425 ; vote on the con- 

 stitutional amendments retaken, 425, 426 ; objects of 

 these amendments, 425 ; special session of the Legisla- 

 ture, 426 ; action as to the liquor law, etc., 426 ; rules as 

 to married women making contracts, 426 ; law revision 

 commissioners, 426 ; area devoted to the production of 

 cereals, the tobacco-crop, 426, 427 ; diseases of domestic 

 animals, 427 ; coal-mining and stone-quarrying, 427 ; Fish 

 Commissioner, prison expenses, Insane and Blind Asy- 

 lums, etc., 427 ; relative value of the cost of machinery 

 to the agricultural product, 427, 428 ; population of the 

 State by counties, 428. 



Indigo, Artificial Profaiction of. Great achievement of 

 the coal-tar industry, 428 ; Professor Buyer's discovery, 

 428; description of the mode of studying out the prob- 

 lem, 428, 4^9 ; difficult to obtain materials in a state of 

 purity, 429; expensive process of producing artificial 

 indigo, 429; valuable results thus far more to be ex- 

 pected, 429 ; calico-printers 1 interests, 429. 



Insanity as a Defense for Crime. President Garfield's 

 murder gave rise to the first discussion of the subject, 

 429 ; what constitutes insanity, how far it destroys re- 

 sponsibility, and whether the insane should be punished, 

 429 ; Dr. Seguin's six categories of persons subject to 

 mental aberration epileptics, sudden fury, functional in- 

 sanity, special mania, and feeble-minded, 429, 430 ; holds 

 that all these should be liable to punishment, 480 ; Dr. 

 Jewell gives three groups of cases strong impulse to a 

 particular act, overpowering delusions, monomania, 480 ; 

 holds that each case needs to be examined by itself, and 

 suggests an expert commission, 430 ; Dr. Folsom regards 

 the subject as very complicated, 430 ; only safe grounds to 

 go upon in deciding the responsibility of the insane, 430; 

 Dr. Elwell does not believe in " moral insanity " as a de- 

 fense for crime, 430, 431 ; holds that the insane should be 

 punished, 431 ; Dr. Hammond on the " Punishability 

 of the Insane," 431 ; holds that insane people, of various 

 sorts, should be held liable to punishment, 431 ; insane 

 persons moved by hope of reward and fear of punish- 

 ment, 481; the course to be pursued, 431; E. B. Hill 

 holds that insanity is not a defense for crime at all, 4-31 

 the two aims of punishment to prevent repetition of 

 offense, and to warn others, 431 ; guilt nothing to do with 

 the question, law punishes criminal acts without regard 

 to their moral aspects, 481 ; danger from an insane mur- 

 derer quite as great as from a sane one, 431, 432 ; more 

 reason for death penalty on the former than on the lat- 

 ter, 432 ; judicial definitions, precedents, etc., 482 ; Lord 

 Hale, Justice Tracy, Lord Denman, Chief-Justice Tlndal, 

 opinions of, quoted, 432; great diversity of opinion in tho 

 United States, 432; knowledge of right and wrong the 

 prevailing test in the Federal courts and many States, 

 432 ; modified in others, 438 ; rule of evidence as to tho 

 proof of insanity not agreed upon, 433 ; three different 

 rules given (1. Insanity must be proved by preponderating 

 evidence; 2. It must be proved beyond a reasonable 

 doubt ; 8. If tho jury have a reasonable doubt they must 

 acquit), 483 ; inconsistent decisions in different States, 

 433; cases in New York and New Jersey quoted, 483 ; 

 trial of Elizabeth Coletnan for the murder of O. T. Coles, 

 December, 1S81, Chief-Justice Davis's charge to tho Jury 

 quoted, 433, 434 ; decision of the Court of Appeals bear- 

 Ing on this subject, 434 ; case of J. B. Graves, Newark, 

 New Jersey, 434 ; quotation from tho judge's charge, 484, 

 435 ; the burden of proof of Insanity rests on the accused, 

 434, 435 ; every man sane till proved insane, 484,485. 



Introceanic Canal. {See PAJCAMA CAHAL.) 



International Monetary Co n/ermct. (See BI-MITALLIO 

 STANDARD.) 



loica. Presidential vote, 485; Greenback State Convention, 

 485; platform adopted, demands as to money, national 

 debt, railroad rates of freight, patent-right laws, rigbu 

 of women, etc, 485 ; resolutions sympathizing with the 

 Land League of Ireland, favoring the direct vote of the 

 people for President and Vice- President, 485; Demo- 

 cratic State Convention, platform of, as to tariff reform, 

 sumptuary laws, monopolies, official corruption. 485, 480 ; 

 Kepublican State Convention, platform of; as to impor- 

 tant questions of policy and government, Garfield'a 

 election, internal improvements, railroads, patent-rights, 

 commerce in meats and live animals, 436 ; candidates for 

 Governor and other officers of State, 485, 486 ; Republi- 

 can ticket elected, 486 ; composition of the Legislature, 

 486 ; the finances of the State in a good condition, 486 ; re- 

 ceipts and disbursements of the general revenue fund, 486 ; 

 prosperous state of public finances, 487; biennial finan- 

 cial statement, 487 ; educational statistics, 487 ; State in- 

 stitutions, 487; proposed State- Prison reforms, 487, 483; 

 proposal to inhibit the sending of truant children from 

 the East, 488; criminal statistics, 438; insurance, 488; 

 railroad construction, 438 ; property valuation, 488 ; live- 

 stock census, 438; public schools, 483 ; county indebted- 

 ness, 488; industrial statistics, 489 ; crops, 48^; prohibi- 

 tion amendment, 439 ; prohibitionist association, 439 ; 

 resolutions, 439 ; brewers' convention, 489 ; resolutions, 

 440; brewing industry, 440; population by counties, 

 440. 



Islam, the Future of. Numerical strength of the four great 

 Mohammedan sects, 440 ; their common doctrines, 440, 

 441 ; census of the Mecca pilgrimage and the Mohammedan 

 world by countries, 441 ; sects of the Sunnites : Hanefltea, 

 Malekites, Shafltes, 441 ; theShiites,441; the Abadhiyeb, 

 441 ; the Wahabite reformers, 441 ; Ottoman Mohammed- 

 ans, 441, 442; the caliphate, 442; movement to exalt the 

 authority of the Caliph, 442 ; Panislamlc schemes of Ab- 

 dul-Aziz and Abdul-Hamld. 442; Midhat's anti-Turkish 

 schemes, 442, 448; predominance of Islamic ideas in the 

 Sultan's palace, 448 ; plan to elevate the Shereef of Mecca 

 to the caliphate, 448; forestalled by Abdul-Hamld, 448; 

 he heads the Panislamic movement, 448 ; Its active prop- 

 agation, 443 ; effect in Northern Africa, 448 ; great change 

 in 1882 prophesied, 414; rival Messiahs, 444 ; El Mehdi, 

 444; the Sultan's machinations to retain the spiritual 

 headship, 444; murder of tho Shereef Hussoyn, 444. 

 prospects of an Arabian caliphate, 444 ; sacred book* of 

 the Mohammedans, 444, 445; the Koran, 444; the Sun- 

 nat, 444 ; the Ijma, 445 ; the Quias, 445 ; schools of doc- 

 trine, 445 ; Arab rationalism, 445 ; spread of liberal idU ( 

 415; political situation of the Moslem powers, 445. 



Italy. Royal family, 445, 446 ; area and population, 440; vi- 

 tal statistics, 416 ; emigration, 446 ; population of cities, 

 446; Cabinet officers, 416; receipts and expenditure*, 

 446; public debt, 446; army, 446, 447; navy, 44T; Im- 

 ports and exports, 417; navigation, 447: railroad* and 

 telegraphs, 417 ; political situation, 447, 44- ; condition* 

 of foreign policy, 417, 44S; Internal situation, 448; elec- 

 toral reform, 44 S, 449 ; oppressive taxation, 449 ; abolition 

 of the grist-tax, 449 ; new election law, 449 ; the Tunl* 

 question, 449; Cabinet crisis, 449, 450; relations of the 

 parties, 450 ; second crisis, 450 ; now ministry, 450 ; Mar- 

 seilles riot, 450 ; anti-clerical ferment, 460; disturbance* 

 at tho burial of Plus IX. 450 ; agitation for the repeal of 

 the Papal guarantees, 451 ; royal meeting at Vienna, 401 ; 

 growth of the newspaper proas, 451 ; earthquake at 0*- 

 stmlcciola, 451 ; census, 401 ; extradition of Bindfio 

 the bandit, 452. 



