AEABI AHMED. 



Scottish Episcopal Church is 209, to which 

 may be added the rental value of the parson- 

 age, 20. The total number of members in 

 the Church is 67,483. The strong congrega- 

 tions, except those of Forfar, Johnston, and 

 Stonehaven, are in the large cities. 



BISHOPEIO OF GEAHAMSTOWN. The Judicial 

 Committee of the Privy Council gave judg- 

 ment at the end of June, in an appeal from the 

 Supreme Court of the Cape of Good Hope, re- 

 specting the Bishopric of Grahamstown, South 

 Africa. The bishop, Dr.'Merrirnan, had brought 

 an action to enforce two decrees of suspension 

 against Dr. Williams, the Dean of Grahams- 

 town, for preventing him from officiating in 

 the Cathedral Church of St. George in Gra- 

 hamstown, and the colonial Supreme Court 

 had held that it had no power to enforce the 

 diocesan decree. The bishop thereupon ap- 

 pealed to the Queen in Council for a declara- 

 tion of his right to exercise episcopal author- 

 ity over Dr. Williams as one of his clergy and 

 as dean. The appeal was dismissed. The 

 grounds on which the decision of the Colonial 

 Court, thus sustained by the Judicial Com- 

 mittee, was based, were as follows : 



1. That bishops elected by their respective dio- 

 ceses are not legally successors of the bishops formerly 

 appointed under letters patent. 



2. That there is nothing in law to prevent the 

 Crown from sending out new bishops to supersede the 

 elected bishops. 



3. That the elected bishops have no title to the 

 possession or use of the property formerly vested in 

 their respective sees. 



4. That consequently the civil courts can give 

 them no protection or relief in questions relating to 

 the use of such property (e. g., churches, parsonages, 

 schools, etc.). 



The Right Rev. A. 0. Tait, Archbishop of 

 Canterbury, died December 3d. The vacant 

 see was offered to the Right Rev. Edward 

 White Benson, Bishop of Truro, and was ac- 

 cepted by him. 



ARABI AHMED, Pasha, was born in a lit- 

 tle village in the province of Charkieh, in the 

 eastern part of Lower Egypt, almost on the 

 borders of the desert, of one of the families 

 of the fellahs. These compose the lower la- 

 boring class. He joined the army under Said 

 Pasha, and was brought to the camp, like all 

 his companions, with hands fastened to a rope 

 that held together all the young fellahs fit for 

 military service taken by the same conscription, 

 or draft. Said Pasha loved handsome men, 

 and Arabi is bulky, and about five feet ten 

 inches (iin metre quatre-vingt) in stature ; his 

 complexion dull and yellow, like the fellahs of 

 Lower Egypt ; his figure regular, his head 

 peaked, the forehead high and retiring, that his 

 cap somewhat conceals ; his mouth large, lips 

 full, chin square and retiring. The features 

 of his face express firmness, and in character 

 he is stubborn and obstinate. His great merit 

 is his memory, which would be regarded as 

 rare in Europe, and is peculiar to all his kin- 

 dred. He has now an expression of counte- 



nance which has become habitual, and has been 

 acquired by constant practice., and he seems to 

 be in continued thought or reflection. Always 

 melancholy, he has a gentle and soft look. His 

 eyes are very beautiful, black, and surmounted 

 with thick eyebrows. He has not a frank ex- 

 pression, and never looks one full in the face, 

 but casts furtive glances without fierceness ; on 

 the contrary, they are attractive by their pas- 

 siveness, and often prevent one from observing 

 that he never looks more than a few seconds 

 at once at the person to whom he speaks. He 

 is very rarely moved, and speaks gently, with- 

 out pressing himself, and as if he felt fatigued 

 under the weight of business and thoughts 

 crushing him. His walk is straight, but with 

 a little spring, which is very common in Egypt 

 and the East. 



Said Pasha was the first to remove foreign 

 officers from the army and fill their places with 

 native Egyptians. Arabi was of the number, 

 and quickly rose in rank ; but, under the ca- 

 price of the Viceroy, he was soon put on half 

 pay. He went to the university at Cairo for 

 scientific studies. There he remained a suffi- 

 cient time to appear to his companions in the 

 army as a learned man. They esteemed him 

 also as a person of piety and of irreproachable 

 morals. He married the daughter of the nurse 

 of Hamid Pasha, son of Abbas Pasha. She 

 had been reared in the palace of the prince. 



It is not known when or how he made the 

 acquaintance of Ali Pasha, who became his 

 intimate friend, and brought him out of ob- 

 scurity. During 1876-"T8, he organized a 

 kind of secret society among the fellah offi- 

 cers, which, during exciting events, escaped 

 the notice of the Khedive and his ministers. 

 Ali Pasha was the soul of that society, which 

 had no other object in view than the overthrow 

 of the Khedive. They labored conjointly with 

 bankers in Europe, without knowing the ob- 

 ject or means used, but aided by the money 

 and counsels of the bankers of Cairo, who had 

 an interest in bringing about some change in 

 the arrangements imposed on Egypt by Europe. 

 Ali Pasha, whom they proposed to put at the 

 head of the movement, explained it to the 

 Khedive, who combined with them and effect- 

 ed the fall of the European ministry in 1879. 

 The Khedive now made Arabi a colonel, and 

 gave to him the command of a regiment. At 

 this time the intrigues of the ex-Khedive, 

 Halim Pasha, and the Porte commenced, which 

 it is useless to describe. Each sought to con- 

 trol the society of officers and soldiers, which 

 alone remained, by promises of increased pay 

 and better treatment. It is not necessary to 

 repeat the events which ensued until Arabi 

 became Minister of War. He now represented 

 the native Egyptians, who were known as the 

 National party, and whose watchword was, 

 " Egypt for the Egyptians." " The debt," they 

 said, "was made by Ismail Pasha, and Egypt 

 was not responsible; let Europe collect the 

 debt of Ismail Pasha, whom she holds as a 



