ARABI AHMED. 



ARGENTINE REPUBLIC. 



hostage ; so far as relates to reform courts, our 

 institutions suffice for us ; if the Europeans are 

 not satisfied, let them go to their own courts 

 at home." 



Before he became minister, Arabi had ac- 

 quired great influence in all parts of the public 

 administration. All those who could approach 

 him, obtained letters of recommendation, which 



ARABI PASHA. 



were seldom without effect. After he became 

 minister, his hatred of the foreigners, who, 

 he said, were ruining the country, overcame his 

 disinterestedness. In all purchases of supplies 

 for the army, or other objects, the preference 

 was given to the native, even at much higher 

 prices. In all promotions in the army his 

 friends were advanced, and thus he acquired 

 his strength, which was exercised to press the 

 Europeans out of the country. In this state 

 of affairs, England, for the preservation of the 

 great advantages to herself of the Suez Canal, 

 took- the first step toward making Egypt a de- 

 pendency of her own. (See EGYPT.) 



The facts, thus far very summarily stated, are 

 derived from a native Egyptian writer, who 

 thus concludes his remarks : " Arabi never had 

 any settled plan ; circumstances have made him 

 all that he is; the role which he has played is 

 due entirely to the haughty jealousies and in- 

 trigues of the Western governments, consuls- 

 general, European and native adventurers, rot- 

 ten bankers and merchants of little conscience. 

 To-day (July) the position of Arabi is such 

 that, if he were put down, the movement he 

 has commenced would not be thereby ended. 



On the contrary, others, such as Ali Pasha 

 el Rouby, Mahmoud Samy Pasha, Mahmoud 

 Pasha Ferni, Ali Pasha Femi, Abdulaal Pasha, 

 Toulba Pasha, Yacoub Pasha Samy, and a 

 hundred others, are interested to continue the 

 movement through fear of losing the position 

 which they have obtained, the fortune they 

 have acquired, and even their lives. A Turk- 

 ish occupation would be of no ad- 

 vantage at present; quite the con- 

 trary, the Sultan is wholly inter- 

 ested in prolonging the existing 

 state of affairs, under the hope 

 that a European complication 

 would leave him distinctly the 

 master of Egypt for the future. 

 To restore Egypt to the path of 

 progress in which she was placed 

 by Mehemet Ali and his succes- 

 sors, under the civilizing influence 

 of Europe, a European occupation 

 of the country is necessary, and 

 severe punishment of all the Egyp- 

 tians, whatever may be their rank 

 in the civil or military positions, 

 who were engaged in the late 

 movements and events. Decimate 

 the corps of gendarmes (Moustah- 

 fezines) and the city officers who 

 took part in the massacres at Alex- 

 andria and in all the other cities, 

 make a general disbandment of 

 the army, and put the officers on 

 half pay or in retirement. Then 

 form a corps of ten thousand gen- 

 darmes for all Egypt, commanded 

 by officers not engaged in the re- 

 cent events, honest, intelligent, 

 and rigidly examined, and under 

 the control of a superior council 

 of natives and Europeans, and in which the 

 latter shall be a majority, under the presidency 

 of a European commander-general, who shall 

 receive orders directly from the Khedive for 

 the administration of the interior police, or 

 from the President of the Council of Civil, 

 Judicial, and Financial Affairs. Let these 

 measures be quickly and unhesitatingly adopt- 

 ed, and Arabi would be forgotten in less time 

 than he became known." (See EGYPT.) 



ARGENTINE REPUBLIC (REptJBLicA AR- 

 GENTINA). Statistics concerning area, territo- 

 rial division, population, etc., have been given 

 in the volumes of the "Annual Cyclopaedia" 

 for 1872, 1877, and 1878. In an official esti- 

 mate, the population of the republic at the end 

 of 1880 was set down at 2,540,000; but those 

 figures, if correctly reported, are, perhaps, 

 somewhat exaggerated, and those given in our 

 volume for 1881 (2,400,000) may be regarded 

 as a closer approximation to accuracy. The 

 population of the capital, Buenos Ayres, at the 

 end of 1881, has recently been published at 

 289,925, against 177,787 in 1869, according to 

 the census of the latter year. 



The number of immigrants in 1870 was 39,- 



