AUSTRIA-HUNGARY. 



53 



dinary common expenses, including the share 

 in the 8,000,000 florins for military expenses in 

 Herzegovina, at 7,118,210 florins. The total 

 amounts to 328,228,281 florins. The total 

 revenues were fixed at 301,967,214 florins. 

 The Minister of Finance, Count Szapary, was 

 authorized to cover the deficit, except 3,000,- 

 000 florins, "by credit operations. Sums subse- 

 quently voted brought the total expenditures 

 of the year up to 335,242,080 florins. The 

 total deficit was 30,605,867 florins. 



The budget for 1883 makes the total esti- 

 mated expenditures for 1883 322,711,484 flor- 

 ins. The ordinary expenses are estimated at 

 288,848,002 florins; transitory expenses, or 

 those which are balanced on the other side 

 of the accounts, at 6,503,276 ; investments at 

 21,771,855 florins, being less on account of 

 the completion of the Pesth-Theiss and the 

 approaching completion of the Pesth-Semlin 

 railroads; extraordinary military expenses 

 that is, the extraordinary expenses of the 

 Bosnian garrisons at 5,588,351 florins. The 

 estimates of revenue in Hungary and Austria 

 are somewhat problematical, being partly 

 based upon the operations of a new tariff. 

 The estimated income for 1883 is 301,029,896 

 florins, 280,732,785 florins from the ordinary 

 and 20,297,111 florins from the transitory 

 revenues. The Minister expected to reduce 

 the deficit to 12,881,588 florins by new taxes 

 and other financial measures to be proposed to 

 Parliament. 



OCCUPIED PROVINCES. The Turkish sanjaks, 

 which were placed under Austrian adminis- 

 tration temporarily by the Treaty of Berlin, 

 are governed by the common administration. 

 Their area and population, as enumerated in 

 1879, are as follows: 



Of the total inhabitants, 496,761 are Greek 

 Orthodox, 448,613 Mohammedans, 209,391 

 Roman Catholics, 3,426 Jews, and the rest of 

 various faiths. The cost of administration is 

 ostensibly defrayed from taxes raised in the 

 provinces; but the military subjugation of the 

 inhabitants has cost large sums which have 

 been supplied by the Delegations. The budget 

 of the administration of Bosnia and Herzego- 

 vina estimates the total expenditures at 7,039,- 

 809 florins. Some of the principal items are : 

 central administration, 150,700 florins ; gendar- 

 merie, 1,114,475 florins; military contingent, 

 251,000 florins ; education, financial adminis- 

 tration, and cost of collecting taxes, 348,000 

 florins; dotations to the clergy, 162,500 florins. 

 The estimated revenue is 7,217,819 florins. 

 The chief items are as follows: tithes and land 

 produce, 2,250,000 florins ; income-tax, 600,000 



florins; tobacco, sale and licenses, 1,896,000 

 florins; sheep and goats, 204,000 florins; pigs, 

 42,000 florins; licenses for inns, 50,000 florins; 

 excise duty on articles of consumption, includ- 

 ing beer, 45,000 florins ; stamps and registra- 

 tion duty, 300,000 florins; customs, 600,000 

 florins. Bosnia has been included in the cus- 

 toms boundary since 1880. The customs rev- 

 enue contributed by the provinces has averaged 

 only 140,000 florins a year, but they received 

 the fixed sum of 600,000 florins annually as 

 their share. The occupied provinces have 

 beyond this been made to pay for their civil 

 administration, but the Delegations are asked 

 each year for a large sum for extraordinary 

 military expenditures. 



FOKEIGN RELATIONS. The outward hinder- 

 ances to the definite annexation of Bosnia and 

 Herzegovina are not slight. Turkey and Rus- 

 sia are not the only countries to oppose it. 

 Herzegovina was at one time attached to Mon- 

 tenegro, and the Montenegrins look upon it as 

 their rightful possession. The rayas of the 

 Bosnian valleys are of kindred blood with the 

 Servians, and most of them speak the Servian 

 language. The dream of a Great Servia is al- 

 most as dear to them as it is to the Servian 

 patriots. Austria is constantly increasing her 

 influence in the South Slav principalities. Ser- 

 vian politics are controlled from Vienna instead 

 of from St. Petersburg, but the Austrian as- 

 cendency has alienated the people from their 

 ruler, who recently assumed the kingly title 

 under Austrian auspices. The erection of their 

 country into a kingdom is a step toward the 

 accomplishment of the inextinguishable idea 

 of a Great Servia. Hatred of the arrogant 

 Schwabs, as the German-speaking Austrians 

 are called, is increasing in all the Slav princi- 

 palities. Every convulsion among the Balkan 

 populations sets Russia throbbing in sympathy. 

 At the outbreak of the insurrection in the 

 Herzegovina the same phenomena that pre- 

 ceded the Turkish war were noticed ; but, as 

 they did not reach the dangerous stage of an 



rn participation of Russians in the rebellion, 

 war-cloud passed over. Count Kalnoky, 

 who is at the head of the Austrian Foreign 

 Office, is confident that the conflicting inter- 

 ests of the two empires can be peaceably rec- 

 onciled. Signs of Panslavic activity were de- 

 tected among the Ruthenians in May. A 

 whole village had gone over from the Roman 

 Catholic to the Greek Orthodox faith. The 

 discovery of papers showing a systematic re- 

 ligious and political propagandism led to the 

 arrest of eleven Ruthenians, who were brought 

 to trial for high treason. Austria and Germany 

 shape their foreign policy in common, and speak 

 with one voice in the councils of Europe. The 

 German allies have constituted themselves the 

 guardians of the peace of Europe, and use their 

 powerful influence to arrest any cause of dis- 

 turbance. One of the periodical meetings of 

 the two Emperors took place at Ischl in Au- 

 gust. 



