190 



DENMARK. 



The Kigsdag consists of two Houses the 

 Landsthing, of 66 members, 12 nominated for 

 life by the King, and the rest chosen for eight 

 years bv the indirect system of election ; and 

 the Folkething, of 102 members, elected di- 

 rectly by universal suffrage for the term of 

 three years. The dependency of Iceland has 

 its own Constitution and Legislative Assembly, 

 the Althing, with a minister for Iceland, ap- 

 pointed by the King and responsible to the 

 Althing, at the head of the administration. 



The present King of Denmark, Christian IX, 

 born April 8, 1818, was appointed to the suc- 

 cession by the Treaty of London of May 8, 

 1852, and by the Danish law of succession 

 made the following year. He succeeded Fred- 

 erick VII, November 15, 1863. Prince Fred- 

 erick, the heir-apparent, was born in 1843. 



The present State Council, which was first 

 formed June 15, 1875, is composed as follows : 

 J. B. S. Estrup, Minister of Finance and Presi- 

 dent ; Otto Ditlev, Baron Rosenorn-Lehn, Min- 

 ister of Foreign Affairs, appointed October 11, 

 1875 ; E. V. R. Skeel, Minister of the Interior; 

 J. Scavenius, Minister of Religion and Public 

 Instruction, appointed August 24, 1880 ; J. M. 

 Y. Nelleman, Minister of Justice and for Ice- 

 land ; N. F. Ravn, Minister of the Navy, ap- 

 pointed January 4, 1879, and since April 1, 

 1881, Minister of War. The Council acts un- 

 der the presidency of the King. The Crown 

 Prince has a seat. 



STATISTICS. The area and population of the 

 kingdom of Denmark, according to the census 

 of February 1, 1880, were as follow : 



The total area of the dependencies of the 

 Danish crown, including the inhabited portion 

 only of Greenland, is 758,885 square miles. 

 The population of the Faroe Isles is 11,221 ; 

 of Iceland, 72,438 ; of Greenland, about 10,000 

 (in 1878) ; of the Antilles, 33,763 ; making the 

 total population of the dependencies, 127,400. 

 The population of Denmark and its dependen- 

 cies is therefore 2,096,400 altogether. Includ- 

 ing Fredericksberg and other suburbs the pop- 

 ulation of Copenhagen was 273,323 in 1880. 

 The population of the other chief cities was as 

 follows: Aarhuus, 24,831; Odense, 20,804; 

 Aalborg, 14,152; Randers, 13,457; Horsens, 

 12,652. The inhabitants of the kingdom were 

 all returned as Evangelical Lutherans except 

 1,363 Reformed, 3,000 Catholics, 3,687 Bap- 

 tists, 792 Irvingites, 1,722 Mormons, 1,919 of 

 other sects, 3,946 Israelites, and 1,074 of no 

 religion. All were born in Denmark and its 

 possessions except 33,152 of German and 24.- 

 148 of Swedish birth, with about 5,000 from 



other countries. Emigration is mostly to the 

 United States, and has been considerable for 

 about a dozen years past. There were 765 

 emigrants in 1868, 4,359 in 1869, 3,525 in 1870, 

 3,906 in 1871, 6,893 in 1872, 7,200 in 1873, 

 3,322 in 1874, 2,088 in 1875, 1,581 in 1876, 

 1,877 in 1877, 2,972 in 1878, 3,103 in 1879, 

 5,667 in 1880, and 7,985 in 1881. 



COMMERCE. The trade of Denmark with 

 the different countries of the world was re- 

 ported for 1880 as follows in crowns (1 crown 

 =26-8 cents) : 



The imports and exports of the different 

 classes of merchandise in 1880, compared with 

 those of 1879, were as follow in millions of 

 crowns and tenths of millions : 



Navigation reports state that in the coasting- 

 trade 14,813 sailing-vessels, registering 180,- 

 580 tons, and 6,426 steam-vessels, registering 

 164,879 tons, entered Danish ports in 1880; 

 and in transmarine commerce 15,935 sailing- 

 vessels, registering 793,205 tons, and 7,142 

 steamers, registering 511,987 tons. The mer- 

 chant fleet of Denmark counted in 1881 3,016 

 sailing-vessels above 4 tons, aggregating 203,- 

 555 tons, a decline of 9,646 tons since 1878, 

 and 202 steamers, of 51,984 tons, an increase 

 of 6,860 tons in the same period. 



There were 985 miles of railroad in opera- 

 tion in 1882, of which 775 belonged to the 

 state. The state telegraph counted 2,205 miles 

 of line and 5,840 miles of wire in 1880. The 

 dispatches sent aggregated 1,125,000, of which, 

 besides 37,900 official dispatches, 442,000 were 

 domestic and 644,000 international. The num- 

 ber of letters and postal-cards carried by the 

 post-office was 29,604,000. 



FINANCE. The revenues for the fiscal year 

 1880-'81 (ending March 31st) amounted to 51,- 

 745,463 crowns ($13,868,000), against 47,521,- 

 957 crowns in 1879-'80 ; the expenditures to 



