EARTH, AEEA AND POPULATION OF THE. 



221 



clause requiring them to provide accommoda- gether with the liberal notions of compensa- 

 tions for at least as many of the working-classes tion which prevail in England. The Corpora- 

 as were displaced, brought five times the price tion of London cleared two spaces at a cost 

 per foot. The failure of the artisans' dwellings of 240,000. They 



acts can be accounted for by the fact that in 

 the greater part of London houses for the 

 poor do not pay except by overcrowding, to- 



are offered for the ground 

 only 1,250 a year for dwellings, but six times 

 as much if shops may be built, and look to 

 Parliament to save them from loss. 



E 



EARTH, AREA. AND POPTJLATION OF THE. 

 During the last decade of years great atten- 

 tion has been given to attaining accurate esti- 

 mates of tha areas and populations of all the 

 countries of the world, and their subdivisions. 

 Drs. Behm and Wagner, in a new edition of 

 their well-known collection of statistics, enti 7 

 tied "The Population of the Earth " (" Die 

 Bevolkerung der Erde "), have availed them- 

 selves largely of planometric calculations for 

 areas of many countries, and have used the 

 new censuses which have been taken, within 

 two years, in Greece, Denmark, United States, 

 Finland, Germany, Switzerland, Belgium, Aus- 

 tria, Hungary, Bulgaria, Great Britain and de- 

 pendencies, France, and Italy. The names of 

 the countries are given in the order of the 

 dates of the census. For most of these coun- 

 tries the complete results have been issued, 

 and for the others the editors have been able 

 to obtain the preliminary figures. Of course, 

 estimates are sometimes little better than 

 guesses ; e. g., Africa, for which some au- 

 thorities give 100,000,000 as its population, 

 while Behm and Wagner hold on to the old 

 figure of 200,000,000 with considerable hesi- 

 tation. China, too, has been very variously 

 estimated from 200,000,000 to 500,000,000. 

 According to Behm and Wagner, in their latest 

 issue, the number of the inhabitants of China 

 does not exceed 379,500,000 a figure more 

 likely to be near the truth, especially consider- 

 ing the large reductions in the population of 

 certain districts in recent years from various 

 causes not necessary to specify. And, further, 

 as to estimated areas, it appears that General 

 Strelbitsky, in a learned work on the " Super- 

 ficies of Europe." makes out France to be 

 1,960 square miles larger than the official area, 

 and Scandinavia 6,000; while from Italy he 

 takes away 3,200 square miles. Messrs. Behm 

 and Wagner have, however, examined all the 

 data on these points with the greatest care 

 and minuteness; they are supplied with all 

 the material necessary to arrive at satisfactory 

 conclusions ; they have devoted many years to 

 this particular study ; and we believe that their 

 results may be accepted with entire confi- 

 dence. (See EUROPE, AREA OF.) 



According to the latest data, the following 

 are the areas and populations of the various 

 continents, with the number of inhabitants per 

 square mile : 



The following are the areas and populations 

 of the various countries of Europe, with the 

 dates to which the figures refer : 



According to Behm and Wagner, the area 

 of the territory which has been taken from 

 Turkey and added to Greece is 5,340 square 

 miles, "and the population is 300,000. Con- 

 siderable difference of opinion exists as to the 

 boundaries between European Eussia and Asia. 

 If Strelbitsky's line be adopted, the area of 

 Eussia in Europe would be increased by 250,- 

 124 square miles, in addition to the number 

 given above. The total area of Europe, accord- 

 ing to Strelbitsky's calculations, is nearly 4,000,- 



