340 



GEORGIA. 



do so from want of the necessary means, of a 

 munificent provision for their benefit, unless 

 Senator Brown thinks proper hereafter to 

 modify the terms of his gift. 



It is proposed, if the Legislature will vote 

 the necessary means, to provide the technologi- 

 cal department of the university which now 

 gives instruction in the four practical arts of 

 physics, chemistry, agriculture, and engineer- 

 ing, with a well-equipped workshop in which 

 the object and use of tools in every kind of 

 manufacture may be taught. Such an indus- 

 trial school as is proposed, in connection with 

 the educational advantages of the university, 

 would be of great value to the number of 

 young men whose necessities demand that 

 their education shall be practical. 



THE LUNATIC ASYLUM. The reports of the 

 trustees and superintendent of this institu- 

 tion represent considerable improvement in its 

 management and administration, especially in 

 the attention given to the mental and moral 

 treatment of the patients. The number of 

 these in the asylum on October 1, 1882 (the 

 date of the latest report), is 979, against 906 

 the year before. Of these, 729 are white and 

 250 colored. The total number under treat- 

 ment during the year has beeu 1,163. The 

 trustees ask an appropriation for 1883 of $160,- 

 000 to cover all expenses, calculating the main- 

 tenance of each patient per day at 35 cents, 

 and including the repairs and improvements 

 of the buildings. Several new buildings have 

 been commenced during the year to provide 

 adequate accommodation for the rapidly in- 

 creasing number of lunatics and idiots, white 

 and colored, among which is one new building 

 of 500 rooms for the colored patients, which 

 will be completed early in the spring of 1883. 

 The cost of these additions, furniture, etc., 

 will be $89,254.82, making a total appropria- 

 tion for 1883 of $249,254.82. 



THE DEAF AND DUMB ASYLUM. The twenty- 

 second report of the Trustees of the Institu- 

 tion for the Education of the Deaf and Dumb 

 makes a satisfactory exhibit of its manage- 

 ment. During fifteen months, to October, 

 1881, there were 64 pupils, all white, of whom 

 37 were males and 27 females. In the follow- 

 ing year to October, 1882, there were 60 white 

 pupils males 35, females 25, and 20 colored 

 pupils males 12, females 8. The amount ex- 

 pended for the year 1881 was $17,376.33, and 

 for 1882, $14,773.68. An appropriation of 

 $5,000 was made by the Legislature in 1881 

 for the erection of a school-building, but the 

 trustees did not use it, because of its insuffi- 

 ciency to provide such a building as is needed. 

 They have, therefore, asked an additional ap- 

 propriation of $15,000, and further sums of 

 $3,000 for a laundry, and $1,500 for repairs 

 and water-works. The estimated annual ex- 

 penses of the institution are $20,000. 



THE ACADEMY FOB THE BLIND. This insti- 

 tution, established at Macon for the education 

 of the young blind of the State, so as to enable 



them to sustain themselves in after-years by 

 tbeir own industry, has had 66 pupils in at- 

 tendance during the past year, being a few 

 more than the highest number in any former 

 year. The total expenses of the academy for 

 the year have been $10,945.81, making the 

 per capita expense of the pupils $165.84. 

 The cost per capita at the Perkins Institution 

 for the Blind at Boston, Mass., is reported to 

 be $422.25. The academy is situated in a 

 healthy locality, is spacious, well ventilated 

 and drained, and well furnished with all the 

 special appliances that are needed for the 

 safety, comfort, and education of the pupils. 

 The education is literary, musical, and indus- 

 trial, and the results are exceedingly gratify- 

 ing. A separate department, for the instruc- 

 tion and care of blind colored boys and girls, 

 has been recently organized and opened under 

 authority of the Legislature, at an annual ex- 

 pense of $4,000. A good, substantial brick 

 building has been erected for this purpose on 

 grounds three and a half acres in extent. The 

 management, modes of instruction, discipline, 

 and all other regulations, are the same as those 

 followed in the department for the white pu- 

 pils. The annual appropriation for the white 

 department is $12,000 ; for the colored, $4,000, 

 in addition to which, for finishing the building 

 for the colored, improvements, repairs, etc., 

 an appropriation of $9,000 is asked. The 

 principal of both institutions is Professor W. 

 D. Williams, who has been the manager of the 

 academy for upward of a quarter of a century. 

 THE PENITENTIARY. The policy, wisdom, 

 and humanity of the treatment of convicted 

 criminals, under the existing punitive system, 

 established by law in 1866, have been widely 

 questioned. Instead of being confined in pris- 

 ons at an immense cost to the State, the con- 

 victs are now " farmed out " on the best and 

 most advantageous terms that the Governor 

 can make. This mode of dealing with them 

 was inaugurated (May 11, 1868) by General 

 Ruger, at that time Military Governor of 

 Georgia. It was continued by Governor Ru- 

 fus B. Bullock ; and the present lease, which 

 will not expire until 1899, was executed by 

 Governor James M. Smith, under the authority 

 and by direction of an act of the Legislature. 

 Under the provisions of that act, the convicts 

 in control of the several lessees are kept and 

 disciplined according to strict and humane 

 rules provided by law. For instance : no one 

 is allowed to whip or punish a convict unless 

 authorized to do so by special appointment 

 approved by the Governor. A violation of 

 this rule subjects the offender to imprisonment 

 in the Penitentiary for not less than six months 

 and not exceeding two years. At the expira- 

 tion of a convict's term of service, his lessee is 

 compelled to provide him with transportation 

 to his home and a suit of clothes worth not 

 less than six dollars. It is made the duty of 

 the grand juries of the counties in which the 

 convict-camps are situated, to visit and inspect 



