MARYLAND. 



509 



expected that the university would be located within 

 its limits. He abstained, however, from expressing 

 any opinion upon the subject in his will. He left 

 those whom he had selected as trustees for the man- 

 agement of the university entirely unfettered so far 

 as its plan of education was concerned ; and he im- 

 posed upon them no condition as to its site, except 

 such as might be implied from the certificate of incor- 

 poration, which declared that it should be located in 

 Baltimore County. 



On October 31, 1871, he made a codicil to this will. 

 He revoked by that codicil the disposition which he 

 had previously made of the rest and residue of his es- 

 tate, and gave such rest and residue in equal parts to 

 the Johns Hopkins University and to the Johns Hop- 

 kins Hospital, adding to the grant the following sig- 

 nificant words : " The share of each corporation in 

 the said rest, residue, and remainder of my real and 

 personal estate to be held, used, and applied by such 

 corporation in, for, and to its corporate purposes in 

 accordance with the provisions of its existing certifi- 

 cate or charter of incorporation, or with the provisions 

 of such act or acts of Assembly amending its certifi- 

 cate or charter of incorporation as the trustees thereof 

 may procure to be passed and accepted.' 1 ' 1 



Can any one doubt who reads this clause that the 

 desire of Mr. Hopkins that the university bearing his 

 name should be successful had outgrown all other 

 wishes ? He foresaw that the certificate of incorpora- 

 tion under which the university had been formed 

 might, for some reason, prove inadequate for its in- 

 tended purpose. Therefore, to prevent, as far as was 

 possible, any failure from lack or sufficient powers in 

 the prosecution of his main design, he expressly au- 

 thorized the trustees of the university to ask for 

 and obtain any alteration of their certificate charter 

 which they, in their discretion, might think necessary 

 or proper. 



Mr. Hopkins died on December 24, 1873. When 

 the trustees took possession of Clifton they found 

 that the place did not possess those conditions of 

 health which it was indispensable that the site of a 

 university should enjoy. It was possible to remove 

 in some degree the causes of malarial disease, which 

 existed within its limits. It was not possible to rem- 

 edy those dangers which proceeded from the section 

 of country lying between the eastern boundary of 

 the place and Herring Kun. Those sources of mis- 

 chief will exist until they are eradicated by thorough 

 drainage or by the ultimate extension of the city over 

 part of that area. 



These and other considerations determined the 

 trustees to apply in 1876 to the General Assembly of 

 Maryland in pursuance of the power expressly given 

 to them by the codicil, to which reference has been 

 made, for such amendment of their certificate charter 

 as would enable them to establish branches of the 

 university and its principal office in the city of Balti- 

 more. They were authorized by the act of 1876, chap- 

 ter 84, to establish such branches, to purchase and 

 hold all property in said city needed for the particular 

 purposes, and to maintain the principal office of the 

 university in said city. 



The trustees having purchased such property in 

 the city of Baltimore as might be needed for their im- 

 mediate or future uses or which it was desirable to 

 control, proceeded to alter buildings acquired and to 

 build to such extent as was necessary to conduct the 

 business of the university. 



The undersigned regret that four of the trustees 

 named by Mr. Hopkins, including Mr. Galloway 

 Cheston, are dead, and that one thus originally se- 

 lected has resigned. In their present number, how- 

 ever, are five of those to whom he originally commit- 

 ted the trust implied by the creation of the universi- 

 ty. Among the five are the three persons whom he 

 selected as executors of his will, one of whom he per- 

 sonally designated as president of " The Johns Hop- 

 kins Hospital." The undersigned constitute a large 

 majority of the whole board. 



Any differences which have arisen among the un- 

 dersigned in connection with the management of the 

 institution have been those only which are incident 

 to the administration of all corporate affairs. They 

 venture, however, to say, collectively, that their trusts 

 have been executed with a thorough understanding 

 of their legal and personal obligations, and with the 

 single desire to promote the great objects which 

 Johns Hopkins had in view when he executed the 

 will and codicil to which they have referred. 



GEO. W. DOBBIN. GEO. WM. BROWN. 



CHAS. J. M. GWINN. JAS. CAREY THOMAS. 



FRANCIS WHITE. J. H. PLEASANTS. 



FRANCIS T. KING. JOS. P. ELLIOTT. 



The Johns Hopkins University was the re- 

 cipient of a very valuable Christmas present 

 from several prominent German citizens of 

 Baltimore, being the collection of books and 

 pamphlets which the late Swiss statesman and 

 publicist, Jean Gaspard Bluntschli, had made 

 during his literary life in Switzerland and 

 Germany. The gift was largely due to Pro- 

 fessor 0. T. Raddatz, of the Baltimore City 

 College, who, when he heard that the library 

 was to be sold, suggested the purchase and 

 gift of it to the Johns Hopkins University, as 

 the Germans of San Francisco had purchased 

 the library of Francis Lieber and presented it 

 to the University of California. 



One of the most memorable events of the 

 year was the munificent act of Mr. Enoch Pratt 

 in founding a free public circulating library in 

 the city of Baltimore, which by the conditions 

 of the gift shall be forever the property of the 

 public, to be enjoyed by intelligent men and 

 women from generation to generation. He 

 gave to the city a building valued at $225,000, 

 and he offers for the maintenance of the library 

 a fund of $833,333.33, which at 6 per cent will 

 produce annually the sum of $50,000, provided 

 the city appropriates a similar sum annually 

 for the support of the institution. The purpose 

 of the gift is as laudable as the gift itself is 

 liberal. To stimulate the taste of the people 

 to read good books, tends directly to make 

 them better and more useful citizens. The 

 Peabody Institute, at its twenty-fourth annual 

 meeting, expressed its appreciation of Mr. 

 Pratt's liberality by the following resolution, 

 which was unanimously adopted : 



The board desires to express its gratification at the 

 munificent donation of Mr. Enoch Pratt for establish- 

 ing a free circulating library in our city. Meeting, as 

 it does, a want long felt and supplementing so effec- 

 tively the library department of this institution, it is 

 eminently proper that the board should unite in the 

 public voice of approval and gratitude now echoing 

 from all sections of the community. 



INDUSTRIES. The canning of fruits and 

 vegetables has become a very large and profit- 

 able industry in Maryland, especially in Har- 

 ford, Cecil, and Kent Counties. Carefully pre- 

 pared statistics show that in one county Har- 

 ford there are 400 canning establishments, 

 using 130,000 boxes of tin, and employing 20,- 

 000 persons during the season. During the past 

 year there were packed over 1,000,000 three- 

 pound cans of tomatoes and 500,000 cans of 



