568 



NAVIES OF EUROPE. 



The vote for Representatives in Congress 

 was as follows : 



The Democratic pluralities in the last four 

 preceding elections were : Hancock over Gar- 

 iield in 1880, 55,000; Crittenden over Dyer 

 for Governor, 54,000 ; Tilden over Hayes in 

 1876, 58,000; Phelps over Finkelnburg for 

 Governor, 52,000. The Democratic plurality 

 over the Republican vote, therefore, has run 

 pretty evenly at 52,000 to 55,000 for the last 

 six years. But in the recent election it rose 

 to 78,000 an increase of 50 per cent. The 

 change in public sentiment in Missouri as mani- 

 fested in this election of November, 1882, was 

 a part of the same movement which produced 

 such astonishing results in New York, Pennsyl- 

 vania, and elsewhere. (See UNITED STATES.) 



NAVIES OF EUROPE. THE BRITISH NA- 

 VY. The naval operations before the city of 

 Alexandria have directed attention to the effi- 

 ciency of the latest models of armored war- 

 ships and the heavy ordnance which they car- 

 ry. The most effective work in the destruction 

 of the forts was done by the British iron and 

 steel-clad vessels Inflexible and Tem6raire. The 

 former is a turret-ship of 9,515 tons displace- 

 ment an indicated power of 8,483 horse, 23 

 feet draught, and a speed of 14*74 knots. She 



towers. Her displacement is 8,571 tons ; indi- 

 cated horse-power, 7,516; draught, 27 feet 4 

 inches ; speed, 14*65 knots. Her guns wer 

 not nearly as heavy as those of the Inflexible 

 hat were capable of penetrating 13*35 inchc 

 of iron at 1,000 yards. She was provided wit 

 an upper-deck battery in two fixed towei 

 These two colossal engines of destruction di 

 most of the work of battering down the 

 fenses of Alexandria. The enormous ranj 

 of their guns enabled them to carry on effe 



HER MAJESTY'S SHIP INFLEXIBLE. 



carries four 80-ton guns. These enormous 

 weapons have a length of 26 feet 9 inches and 

 a caliber of 16 inches, and hurl a projectile of 

 1,700 pounds weight. The charge is 370 pounds 

 of cubical or prismatic powder, and they are 

 capable of penetrating 22 inches of iron at a 

 distance of 1,000 yards. The turrets are ar- 

 ranged en echelon, instead of along the middle 

 line, in order that the whole armament may be 

 fired at once in the line of the keel as well as 

 abeam. The turrets and guns are worked by 

 Rendel's hydraulic system. The Temeraire is 

 an iron and steel-clad vessel, with barbette 



tive action at a distance of 3,000 to 5,000 yards, 

 while they were entirely out of the reach of 

 the projectiles from the forts. The rotating 

 turrets of the one, and the revolving platforms 

 of the other, also enabled them to bring their 

 heavy guns to bear in different directions with- 

 out a change of position. The strongest of the 

 Egyptian works suffered little from the fire of 

 the Alexandra, Superb, and Sultan, although 

 engaged at a distance of only 800 yards, while 

 they were speedily reduced when the Inflexi- 

 ble and T6rne>aire brought their guns to bear 

 upon them. These guns, however, were of the 



