660 



OIL, CALMING WAVES WITH. 



NINTH DISTRICT. a superstition. Many instances have been re- 

 James s. Robinson, Republican 15,864 corded of vessels and cargoes being saved in 



:::::.:::::::::::- l %$ f overwhelming sea by pouring oil overboard 

 James Shields, a Scotch engineer, observed 



TENTH DISTRICT. thflt &QmQ Q[I accidentally spilled in a pond 



:::::::::::::::::::::: SS ****** ^ the wind spread ove r the neighbor- 



j. H. Rhoads... 237 ing surface and stilled the waves almost m- 



N.E. Prentiss ^22 stantaneously. He tried the experiment of 



j. w. Luce p OUr i n g about a quart of oil into a rubber 



ELEVENTH DISTRICT. pjp e w o or f;h ree y ar ds ] O ng in another pond. 

 JW.McCormack Republican 15,288 It rose in bubbles, and with wonderful ra- 

 il CrabtTet":. . m . C . ! ! '. '. '. '. '. . \ \ \ \ . \ '. \ '. \ '. \ \ '. '. '. '. 'SS pidity covered the pond and reduced the bil- 

 DavidBennett ill lows. Living on a coast where severe storms 



TWELFTH DISTRICT. render the entrance to the ports extremely 



Alphonso Hart, Republican 16,898 dangerous to the numerous small craft fishing 



Lawrence T. Neal, Democrat 10,833 an d coasting in the neighboring seas, he util- 



c'c e parker Pr0hibitiOD 7 fi & ^* property of fatty liquids to prevent 



""THIRTEENTH msTR^." " the frequent disasters of the regions of the 



H. C. Drinkle, Republican 14,092 British coast deprived of harbors of refuge. 



George L. Converse, Dem.. crat 17,766 He tried the effect of a few bottles of oil at 



Zeno C. Payne, Prohibition 828 Peterhead Harbor on a Stormy day. The re- 

 Thomas P. James, Greenback 606 gu]t was encouraging, and convinced him that 



FOURTEENTH DISTRICT. moderate quantities of oil discharged at the 



Roiim A. Horr, Republican 12,604 j^t 8po t, and at the right moment, would 



f^^^^S^^:::::::::::::::::::::: u ffi enable Uieis to make the port in dangerous 



FIFTEENTH DISTRICT times. He determined to give the principle a 



RufusR.Dawes, Republican '. 18,048 Poetical test. From the rooky coast he laid 



A. J. Warner, Democrat 13,739 an iron pipe, two hundred yards long, with a 



William Reese 841 gutta-percha hose attached to the end running 



SnnthBranson 112 wo h * ndred yards farther. A storm occur- 



SIXTEENTH DISTRICT. ring, he was gratified to see a schooner, lying- 



erL C Wi& i&l *<> out f e able to enter towed in half an 



jayOdeii 6 hour after oil was pumped through the pipes. 



Joseph Judkins 268 The rubber tube became separated and was 



SEVENTEENTH DISTRICT. replaced by a lead pipe, which was also de- 

 Jonathan T. Updegraff, Republican 14,1 65 stroyed by the rolling fragments of rock. He 



Sii^ck^^^ 13 a <; te A 7 ar , d fitte T? u an .^T^ 8 f ^ e mouth 



N. c. Horton, Greenback 822 of Aberdeen Harbor, in which the lead pipe 



EIGHTEENTH DISTRICT. was protected by bags of cement. At Peter- 

 William McKinley, Jr., Republican 1 6.906 head the oil w as discharged through three 



Jonathan H. Wallace, Democrat 16,S93 conical valves t wenty-five yards apart. In the 



^r. el A T -B^rbSr::::-.V.:::::-.::::-.:::-. IS Aberdeen experiment pipes of three fourths 



J. K. Buskirk i of an inch aperture, instead of inch-pipe as be- 



k n ^^ allace f fore, were employed, and two valves were 



L ce ::::::::::::: ::::::::::::::::::::::::: 5 deemed sufficient. Mr. sweids defrayed the 



w. H. Wallace 2 expenses of all the experiments described, out 



J^n W h'aaiiace' .'!.'! 5 of his own purse. He succeeded in drawing 



Major Wallace... '.'.'.'.'.'.'.'. '.!!!'.!".'.!".'.'.".'."."'.!".".".!'.'. 8 the attention of the Government and of all 



Jonathan H. Wallace i en gi nee rs to the matter, and then left it in the 



NINETEENTH DISTRICT. hands of the Board of Trade, which carefully 



Ezra B. Taylor, Republican 15,739 wa tched the results of the trials at Aberdeen. 



8%\A&n!2SS8::: ::::::;::::::::: 1:S ite effect of on in calming waves has been 



Reuben T. Harmon, Greenback 553 known from the times of antiquity. Pliny 



TWENTIETH DISTRICT. speaks of divers spitting oil in the water to 



Addison s. McCiure, Republican 13,980 quiet the surface, so that the light will pene- 



? avi rL R {i p ^ i ^'.^ e . mocrat "'5JJ trate. The divers of the Mediterranean follow 



iKCpis^G^a^*:;:::::::.':;;:::::::::: IS the practice to the present day. Hunters of 



TWENTY-FIRST DISTRICT. the otter know the spot where they are de- 

 Sylvester T. Everett, Republican 11,408 vouring their oily prey, from the calmness of 



Martin A. Foran, Democrat 15,946 the water. The track of a wounded whale or 



William H. Doan, Prohibition 1,999 p Orpo i se \ s ^ \ n like manner, indicated by the 



OIL, CALMING WAVES WITH. The streak of still water. It has often been re- 

 calming effect of a film of oil spread over marked that a dead whale always floats in 

 the surface of agitated water has been often calm water, however agitated the sea may be 

 observed, although many have supposed the round about. The spearers of the salmon in 

 ancient saying referring to it to be based upon the Scottish Highlands often pour oil on the 



